정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Purge & Trap-GC를 이용한 의약품 필름코팅 정제 중 잔류용제에 관한 연구

장준식,이명자,소유섭,문춘선,이주헌,박희라,김진숙,강경모,이선옥,방성연,유미자,유문균,금오성,이병욱 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-

의약품은 약물을 생체에 적풋하기 위하여 유효성분의 효과가 언제나 일정하게 확보되고 사응에 편리하도록 만들어지는 것이므로 유효썽분 이외에 약효에 영향을 주지 않는 성분이 첨가되는 경운가 많다. 이 때 사용되는 용매들은 제피의 광택 및 건쪼시간의 단축 등을 위하여 휘발점이 낮을 용매들이 주로 사용되어진다. 본 연구는 의약품 필름코팅정제 중 잔류용매 4종(chlorofonr benzen, trichloro ethylen, 1,4-dioxane)에 대한 변형된 pirge & trap-GC 장치를 이용한 동시분석방법을 개발하였으며, 각 표준품의 RSD 값은 chloroform 3.03%, benzen 3.17%, trichloroethylen 3.69% and 1,4-dioxane 3.41%였다. 또한 시중 유통중인 의약품 50종에 대하여 잔류웅매 양을 측정하였으며, 검출되는 잔류용매는 한 건도 없었다. This study nras carried out to develope the analytical method for the mixture of chlorefonn, benzen, trichloroethylen and 1,4-dioxane simultaneously and determine the remainingorgauic solvents in coating tablets by Purge & Trap-GC. The results were as follouFs ; 1. Chloroform, benzen, trio:tloroethylen and 1,4-dioxane separated by tenax #5 trap by HP-624GC column by terrlperature programming. The peaks were separated completely at retentiontime of 6.88min for chloroform, 8.21min for benzen, 10.38miu for trichloroethylen and 11.95minfor 1,4-dioxane. 2. Standard RSD were individually chloroform 3.03%, benzen 3.17%, trichloroethylen 3.69%and 1,4-diorane 3.41%. 3. 60 samples were not detrcted chloroform, benzen, trichloroethylen and 1,4-dioxane.

라미부딘 내성 만성 B형 간염 환자에서의 아데포비어의 치료 효과

이지숙,장리라,이상욱,한병훈,윤병철 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.2

Backgrounds/Aims : Adefovir dipivoxil(ADV) has been shown to be effective against lamivudine resistant strain of hepatitis B virus. But continuation of lamivudine therapy or switching to Adefovir dipivoxil in patients with viral breakthrough after long term lamivudine therapy are controversial. To find efficacy of adefovir dipivoxil, we retrospectively assessed clinical course after lamivudine resistance in patients who changed adefovir dipivoxil and continued lamivudine therapy. Methods : 58 patients with lamivudine resistant HBV mutants after at least 6 months of lamivudine treatment were included in this study. 24 of the 58 patients were treated with ADV and rest of them were continued the lamivudine therapy after lamivudine resistance. The continuous lamivudine treatment group (n=34) was divided into two groups according to ALT count (ALT≧40, n=19 vs ALT<40, n=16) The clinical course and the biochemical and virological response of the switching adefovir group were compared with those of continuing lamivudine group. HBV genotypes and YMDD mutation site was anaylzed by TRUGENE HBV Genotyping. Results : At twelve months, the levels of median serum HBV DNA and ALT was decreased and albumin was improved significantly(P<0.01) in adefovir switching group compared with lamivudine sustained group, especially ALT was elevated more than 40. There is no significant differences between adefovir switching group and lamivudine sustained group (ALT<40, n=15). This study showed that adefovir dipivoxil reduces HBV replication and improves not only biochemical markers of disease activity, but also liver function. HBV genotypes of 58 patients were all C and rtM204I/V mutant was the most common. Conclusion : This study provides an evidence that adefovir dipivoxil can be effective in the treatment of lamivudine-resistant HBV mutants, especially ALT elevated.

접착제와 와동형성의 차이에 따른 5급 복합레진 수복의 전향적 임상연구

이경욱,정세준,한영철,손호현,엄정문,오명환,조병훈 大韓齒科保存學會 2006 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.31 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 복합레진을 이용한 비우식성 치경부 5급 병소 수복에 있어서, 3가지 다른 접착제를, 유지구를 부여한 치아와 부여하지 않은 치아에 적용하였을 때의 임상적인 효능의 차이를 비교하기 위함이다. 총 150개의 치아를 각각 25개씩 6개의 군으로 나누었다. A군 Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP, 3M ESPE, St, Paul, MN, USA, 4세대 접착제)를 사용하고 유지구를 부여하지 않음. B군: SBMP를 사용하고 유지구를 부여. C군: BC Plus (Vericom Co., Anyang, Gyeonggido, Korea, 5세대 접착제)를 사용하고 유지구를 부여하지 않음. D군: BC Plus를 사용하고 유지구를 부여. E군: Adper Prompt (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany, 6세대 접착제)를 사용하고 유지구를 부여하지 않음. F군: Adper Prompt를 사용하고 유지구를 부여. 모든 치아는 복합레진인 Denfil(Vericom Co., Anyang. Gyonggido. Korea)을 이용하여 충전하였다. 수복 직후와, 수복 6개월 후에 modified USPHS (United States Public Health Service) criteria에 따라 수복물을 임상적으로 평가하였다. 추가적으로 임상사진을 촬영하였으며, 에폭시 레진을 이용하여 복제한 후 주사전자현미경을 이용하여 이를 관찰하였다. 6개월 후 관찰 결과. alpha rating의 수가 각 실험군마다 동일하지는 않았지만, 통계적으로는 3가지의 접착제간에 유의할만한 차이는 없었고, 기계적인 유지구를 부여한 군과 부여하지 않은 군 간에도 유의할만한 차이는 없었다 (p > 0.05). 그러나 6개월의 관찰 기간은 일반적으로 기대되는 레진의 수명보다 짧기 때문에, 각 실험군 간의 차이를 알아보기 위해서는 추후 더 오랜 기간의 관찰이 요구된다. The purpose of this study is to evaluate prospectively the effect of different bonding systems and retention grooves on the clinical performance of resin restorations in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs). Thirty nine healthy adults who had at least 2 NCCLs in their promolar areas were included in this study. One hundred and fifty teeth were equally assigned to six groups; (A) Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP, 3M ESPE, St, Paul, MN, USA, 4th generation bonding system) without retention grooves; (B) SBMP with retention grooves: (C) BC Plus (Vericom Co., Anyang, Gyeonggido, Korea, 5th generation bonding system) without retention grooves; (D) BC Plus with retention grooves; (E) Adper Prompt (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany, 6th generation bonding system) without retention grooves: (F) Adper Prompt with retention grooves. All cavities were filled with a hybrid composite resin, Denfil (Vericom Co., Anyang, Gyeonggido, korea) by one operator. Restorations were evaluated at baseline and at 6-month recall, according to the modified USPHS (United states Public Health Service) criteria, Additionally, clinical photographs were taken and epoxy resin replicas were made for SEM evaluation. At 6-month recall, there were some differences in the number of alpha ratings among the experimental groups. But, despite the differences in the number of alpah ratings, there was no significant difference among the 3 adhesive systems (p > 0.05). There was also no significant difference between the groups with or without mechanical retention (p > 0.05). Follow-ups for longer periods than 6 months are needed to verify the clinical performance of different bonding systems and retention grooves. 〔J Kor Acad Cons Dent 31(4):300-311, 2006〕

算數科에 있어서의 演繹推理의 指導에 對한 硏究

황병욱,이광복 安東敎育大學 1975 論文集 Vol.8 No.1

There is no doubt that mathematics in past was introduced into schools as a simple tool of application to natural science, but the application part of mathematics at present is extended not only to the fields of technical science but to those of finance, industry, culture, information, and behaviour science. So, since 1957, the movement of modernization of mathmatics has been displayed in the school to reform the method of teaching mathematics, and the essential education of mathematics by logic began to -be acomplished. Logic is a kind of the science of reasoning. Reasoning is a special kind of thinking, in which inference takes place or in which other new facts (called the conclusion) are drawn from some known facts (called the premise). Inference is either immediate or mediate. In the mediate inference, there are two kinds of inference, that is, deduction and induction. Also, commonly we mean it as deduction, which is expressed by the syllogism. In primary schools, it is a certain fact that inductive inference may be better than the other only for the learning by discovery, but the new facts got by inductive method can not be used again to the-other place in learning, if the mathematical logic for the new facts was not understood again by deductive method. Because it has a logical exactitude, teachers in primary school have feared to teach pupils by deductive method in solving problems. But, in general aims of arithmetic in primary schools, there is a requirement to grow an ability and an attitude to consider logicaly, and it is our common view that there remain many important things beyond the teaching by deductive inference in primary school too. So, we examined the tendency in logical thinking of them and the grade of understanding for logical language in problems from the pupils in the school 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th grades in a few primary schools and have found the fact that the teaching of logical language must be preceded from the low grade before the teaching of deductive inference. Therefore, according to the examined results, at first, we explorately established the aims and contents for the teaching of logical language. And the next, the aims and contents for the teaching of deductive inference in respect to fundamental four types, that is, categorical sylloism (q→p, p├q), negative syllogism (p→q,∼q├∼p), hypothetical syllogism (p→q, q→r├p→r), and disjunctive syllogism (p∨q,∼p├q).

Cryptococcal 뇌막염이 병발된 수막 암종증 1예

안병철,고지영,이현옥,최진영,권오상,박용욱 중앙대부설한국의과학연구소 1990 한국의과학 Vol.22 No.1

5-〔3-(N-Substituted Piperazinyl)Propoxy〕Indan類의 合成과 中樞神經抑制效果

黃熙喆,閔庚鎭,文勝煜,李萬佶,徐丙天 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1985 基礎科學硏究 Vol.5 No.-

Five new indans, 5-[3-(N-substitued piperaziny) propxy]indans, were synthesized by condensation of 5-(3-bromopropoxy)indan, the intermediate, and N-substituted piperazines. The structure of the compunds were determined by means of IR, NMR spectoscopy along with elemental analysis. Each compound was tested for antimorphine and antiamphetamine effects as part of CNS depressant effects and for muscle relaxant action in mice. Thes compound exhibited less potent activity compared to chlordiazepoxide on CNS depressant effect. Muscle reaxant action of the compounds, the side effect of tranquilizer, however, was much weaker than that of chlordiazepoxide.

자동차 공조용 핀형 열교환기의 성능특성에 관한 연구

홍경한,전상신,이승재,박찬수,권일욱,김재열,김병철,하옥남 한국공작기계학회 2004 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.13 No.4

Fin-tube type(Fin-type) heat exchanger has been tested in order to replace the heat exchanger of parallel flow type(P.F-type) which is now widly used in automobile air conditioning system. The following conclusions are drawn by the comparison of the characteristics of the heat exchangers. Evaporator and condenser capacities and COP(Coefficience of performance) were varied as with the compressor speed, outdoor air temperature and air flow rate changed, which much influenced on the characteristics of the air conditioning system. Evaporator and condenser capacities were increased with increasing compressor speed and outdoor air temperature. Evaporator and condenser pressures of Fin- type were decreased by 7% and 5% respectively compared with those of P.F-type. The COP of Fin-type was decreased with increasing outdoor air temperature and compressor speed. The COP of P.F-type was decreased by 14% compared with that of Fin-type.

부산 금정산일대 용천수, 지하수 및 지열수의 지화학적 특성

조명희,함세영,한석종,성익환,이병대,조병욱 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 1999 環境硏究報 Vol.17 No.1

Spring, groundwater and thermal water from the area and the vicinity of Mt. Geumjeong and Mt. Baekyang, Pusan city, has been sampled and analyzed for major and minor elements. According to the Piper diagram, spring water belongs to Ca^2^+-HCO_3^- and Na^+-HCO_3^- types, groundwater to Ca^2^+-HCO_3^- type, and thermal water to Na^+-CI^- type. Based on the phase stability diagrams of [Ca^2^+I/[H^+]^2, [Mg^2^^+I/[H^+]^2, and [Na^+I/[H^+] vs. [H_4SiO_4], spring water, groundwater and thermal water are mostly in equilibrium with kaolinite. The result of factor analysis shows three factors (factor 1,2 and factor 3) for the spring water, the groundwater and the thermal water which are represented by the influence of the dissolution of feldspar, calcite, anthropogenic sources (domestic and industrial wastes) and salt water.

Whole Cell Bioconversion for the Production of Polyurea Ester Monomers Containing Nitrogen Using Recombinant Escherichia coli

Byeong-Wook LEE,Haeng-Geun CHA,Youjung KONG,Yubin JEON,Hyeji JIN,Hee Taek KIM,Jeong Chan JOO,Seung-Oh SEO,Yung-Hun YANG,Sang-Kyu JUNG,See-Hyoung PARK,Kyungmoon PARK 한국생물공학회 2022 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.9