장애인 직업능력개발을 위한 사이버교육 요구조사 연구

조일현,박연정 한국직업능력개발원 2003 직업능력개발연구 Vol.6 No.2

needs for the disabled workforce in Korea. The 284 samples for the study was randomly selected out of t The researchers conducted a survey research pursuing for understanding of vocational training he 95,487 population registered to the database of the Korea Employment Promotion Agency for the Disabled (KEPAD).

임부의 연령에 따른 보완대체요법에 관한 인식 태도 경험 비교 연구

김연진,김지연,노경민,신혜리,유예지,이지민,장희조,정아인,최소정,강숙정,이향연,민혜영 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2016 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.50

Purpose: This study aims to test if the age of pregnant women affects the perception, experience, and attitude towards complementary alternative therapy (CAT), by investigating the perception, experience, and attitude of pregnant women under the age of 35, and above 35 (Advanced Maternal Age). The study will 1) find the general characteristics of pregnant women under and over the age of 35 2) compare the perception, behavior, and experience of pregnant women under and over the age of 35, and 3) find the comparison of the perception, behavior, and experience according to the general characteristics of pregnant women under and over the age of 35. Method: The subjects of this study are composed of 44 women under the age of 35 and 44 women above the age of 35, totaling 88 pregnant women visiting midwiferies, obstetrics and gynecology, and baby fairs in Seoul and Gyeong-Gi area. Data for this study was collected from November 28, 2015 to January 6, 2016 for 40 days. The collected data analyzed mean, standard deviation, t test, ANOVA, and chi-square by using SPSS 23.0. Result Results show that there is a significant difference in the perception, attitude, and experience of the two-sample groups in the use of CAT. The question of “what is most necessary when applying CAT in a hospital clinical environment” for the perception criteria came out with the results of t=9.980, p<.05. For the attitude, results showed that the answers of pregnant women under the age of 35 displayed a more positive attitude towards CAT. (t=2.421, p<.05) Lastly, in the experience section, pregnant women under the age of 35 showed more CAT use than the other sample group. Conclusion Results have shown that there is a difference in the perception, behavior, and experience between the two sample groups. Therefore further research on the efficacy and the adverse effects of CAT needs to be done.

사북-고한지역이 탄광폐석에 대한 암석학적 특성 연구

백환조,임길재,서백수,민경원,정연태 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1996 석재연 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

사북 및 고한 지역에 분포하는 동원탄좌와 삼척탄좌에 적치되어 있는 석탄폐석은 대부분 사암과 흑색 셰일로서, 사북광업소의 경우 약 730만 m³, 정암광업소에는 약 830만 m³의 폐석이 적치되어 있다. 동원탄좌 사북광업소의 석탄폐석중 사암은 대부분 평균 입자의 크기가 0.15∼0.9㎜에 해당하는 등립질 조직을 보이는 이질석영사암으로서, 입자의 모양과 원마도에 따른 분류로는 low sphericity의 subrounded grain에 해당된다. 또한 흑색 셰일은 평균 광물 입자의 크기가 0.05㎜ 이하이고 비교적 물결 모양의 충리를 나타내고 있다. 삼척탄좌 정암광업소의 사암은 대부분 평균 입자의 크기가 0.15∼0.3mm의 범위에 해당하는 등립질의 이질석영사암으로서 대체로 low sphericity의 subrounded grain에 해당되며, 흑색 셰일은 평균 장경이 약 0.03∼0.06㎜에 달하고, 충리가 비교적 잘 발달되어 있다. 주성분 원소들의 화학분석 결과에 따르면 동원탄좌 사북광업소의 사암은 삼척탄좌 정암광업소의 사암에 비해 상대적으로 SiO₂의 평균함량이 약간 더 높은 값을 보이고 있는데, 특히 동원탄좌 사북광업소의 일부 사암(D-4 및 D-5)은 치밀한 조직의 석영으로 구성되어 있고, 소량의 점토광물만이 기질을 이루고 있어 건설재료로서 그 활용가치가 높다고 판단된다. 또한 삼척탄좌의 사암(S-3 및 S-4)은 동원탄좌의 사암보다 상대적으로 낮은 SiO₂ 함량과 높은 Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃*, K₂O 및 L.O.I. 함량을 보이는데, 이는 기질을 이루는 점토광물의 양이 상대적으로 많음을 반영한다. 삼척탄전의 석탄폐석에 대한 암석학적 및 지구화학적인 특징에 의하면 사암의 경우는 대체로 건설재료로서 활용이 가능하나, 흑색 셰일의 경우는 비교적 탄질물이 많이 함유되어 있어 직접적인 건설재료로의 이용은 비효율적일 것으로 생각된다. The coal mine waste rocks piled in he Sabuk and Gohan district consist mainly of sandstones and black shales, and the estimated volumes of the waste rocks are about 7,300,000m³ and about 8,300,000m³ at the Sabuk mine, Dongwon Coal Co. and the Jeongam mine, Samchok Coal Co., respectively. Sandstones in the waste pile yard of the Sabuk mine are mainly equigranular argillaceous arenites composed of low spherical and subrounded grains of 0.15∼0.9㎜ in size. Black shales show generally wavy lamination and their average grain sizes are less than 0.05㎜. Sandstones in the waste pile yard of the Jeongam mine are also mainly equigranular argillaceous arenite of low spherical, subrounded and 0.15∼0.3㎜ sized grains, and black shales exhibit well developed laminar structure with grains of 0.03∼0.06㎜ in size. Sandstones at the Sabuk mine have higher SiO₂ contents than those at the Jeongam mine, and especially some sandstones (D-4 and D-5) have extremely high SiO₂ contents, reflecting their compact textured quartz grains with small amounts of argillaceous matrix. Compared with those at the Sabuk mine, Sandstones at the Jeongam mine display lower SiO₂ contents but higher abundances of Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, K₂O, and L.O.I., reflecting relatively lower amounts of clay minerals. According to their petrological and geochemical properties, sandstones rather than black shales in the Sabuk and Gohan district could be potentially utilized as raw materials for construction and especially for polymer-concrete, which is now under design for mass production in this area.

Evaluating the effects of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) venom on the expression of insulin sensitivity and inflammation-related genes in co-culture of adipocytes and macrophages

Kim Hee‐Yeon,Jo Min Jeong,Nam So Yung,Kim Kwang Min,Choi Moon Bo,Lee Yong‐Ho 한국곤충학회 2020 Entomological Research Vol.50 No.5

Obese adipose tissue is characterized by adipocyte hypertrophy and a massive macrophage infiltration. The interaction between macrophages with mature adipocytes releases pro-inflammatory cytokines. This chronic inflammatory state can contribute to obesity-related complications, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, we can attempt to prevent and treat obesity-related diseases by inhibiting macrophage infiltration and blocking their interaction with adipocytes. Honey bee (Apis mellifera) venom (BV) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. Although BV is used to treat chronic inflammatory diseases, few studies have addressed its use in obesity-associated inflammation. This study examines the inhibitory effects of BV on lipid accumulation in differentiating preadipocytes, inflammation, and insulin resistance in macrophages and adipocyte-macrophage co-culture system. We treated 3 T3-L1 preadipocytes with BV during differentiation. We later measured lipid accumulation and gene expression of master adipogenic transcription factors. After RAW264.7 and 3 T3-L1 cells were pretreated with BV, RAW264.7 cells were activated with LPS or co-cultured with pretreated 3 T3-L1 cells. Gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and insulin sensitizing genes was measured in these cells. BV inhibited lipid accumulation and C/EBPα and PPARγ gene expression during intermediate and late 3 T3-L1 cell differentiation. BV also suppressed gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (COX-2, iNOS, MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) in LPS-stimulated macrophages, and in co-culture of 3 T3-L1 adipocytes and RAW264.7 macrophages. However, adiponectin and GLUT-4 expression were both significantly increased by BV in co-culture. These findings demonstrate that BV attenuates adipocyte hypertrophy and improves obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance in obese adipose tissue.

일본 유아교육기관의 바깥놀이 운영실제에 관한 사례연구 : 자유보육기관을 중심으로 Focused on the Liberal Childcare Center

하정연,조채영 부산대학교 영유아보육연구소 2002 영유아보육연구 Vol.8 No.-

The purpose of this study is to get a suggestion the practice of outdoor play by the real case. The participants was three liberal childcare centers in Japan. The data was collected by the participant observation, the analysis of the contents and the deep interview. The suggestions are as following : First, it is considered that the natural environment is toughable to children. Second, it is easy for the children to move indoor to outdoor place and outdoor play time to be made longer by the children's interests. Third, it is naturally integrated for children's age. Fourth, it is considered that the environment is focused on the children's freedom.

다발성 간종괴의 형태로 나타난 특발성 과호산구 증후군 치험1예

최승오,연규민,이승민,김순제,왕준호,박형석,이재동,진춘조,이창훈,신현준,김정은 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2004 건국의과학학술지 Vol.14 No.-

Hypereosinophilic syndrome is characterized by persistent blood eosinophilia of 1,500/ul or more in the absence of known causes and multiorgan dysfunction by eosinophil-related tissue damage. In Korea, some cases of hypereosinophilic syndrome with hepatic involvement have been described with prolonged benign clinical courses. Most of them were diffuse or multifocal lesions in imaging studies, and a few case presenting as a single mass has been described. Here we report a case of hypereosinophilic syndrome with hepatic involvement in a 65-year-old man who presented with multifocal mass lesions. By abdominal US and CT scan, multiple, ill-defined nodules were detected in throughout the liver. Liver biopsy revealed severe eosinophilic hepatitis, suggestive of hypereosinophilic syndrome. Hepatic mass lesions improved after steroid administration for several weeks.

Pseudo-Gitelman씨 증후군 1예

김성렬,조영일,이해운,이정연,안해련,송종오,명승운 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2002 건국의과학학술지 Vol.12 No.-

Gitelman's syndrome is a rare disorder with a characteristic set of metabolic abnormalities. These include hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypocalciuria and hypomagnesemia. The clinical manifestations of Gitelman's syndrome are very similar with those of Bartter's syndrome and diuretic abuse. Gitelman' syndrome and Bartter's syndrome can be distinguished by renal clearance study after administration of furosemide and thiazide, since the primary defect in each of these disorders is an impairment in sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule and loop of Henle, respectively. Pseudo-Bartter's syndrome due to diuretic abuse can be distinguished by history of diuretic use and a positive urine assay for diuretics. We have experienced a case of pseudo-Gitelman's syndrome in 56-year old woman with unexplained hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, hypocalciuria, and hypomagnesemia. The patient denied ingestion of diuretic medication. The results of renal clearance study using furosemide and thiazide in this case suggested the presence of the primary defect of sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule rather than in the loop of Henle. These clinical and laboratory findings were consistent with those of Gitelman's syndrome. But, this case was confirmed as pseudo-Gitelman's syndrome since diuretics were detected by a urine assay for diuretics. Furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide were contained in the pill that she had been taking due to constipation. Herein, we report the case of pseudo-Gitelman's syndrome by abuse of cathartics containig diuretics presented as Gitelman's syndrome in renal clearance study.

마우스 종양발생에서 Nitric Oxide의 역할에 관한 연구 Ⅲ : Helicobacter pylori에 의해 유발된 마우스 위암에서 염증매개인자의 역할 The role of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in H. Pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis

남기택,오상연,조현무,이국경,강진석,제정환,최미나,한상욱,김대용,장동덕,양기화,안병우 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

feficotorfer fyf☞ri(Hp)가 위암파 관련이 있다는 역학적인 증거는 많이 있지만 이에 대한 정확한 기전에 대해선 밝혀져 있지 않고 있으며 실험동물 모델도 적절하지 못한 것으로 알려져있다. 본 실험에서는 위암의 원인으로 알려져 있는 f, fyforf'(Hp)를 이용하여 마우스에서 위암 모델을 확립하고 만성염증과정 중에 생성되는 리0와 COX-2 등의 발현이 위암발생에 미치는 명향을 통하여 예방과 치료를 위한 점근을 시도하고자 하였다. 마우스를 7군으로 나누어서 1, 2, 3, 4군의 등물은 MNU를 증류수에 200ppm 농도로 음수병득 이용하띤 10주간 격주로 투여하였으며 MHU 음술 투여 1주 휴씩 후 배양한 f. fyrofi 를 약 109cru/rfll 로 맞춰 한 마리당 0.1ml 씩 이틀 간격으로 세 번에 걸쳐 하룻방 금식시킨 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7군기 마우스의 위장에 투입하떴다. 균 투입을 마친 후 다응 날부터 2군쏙 6군은 iNOS 억제제인 aminoguanidine(AG)을 음수병으로 툰여하였으며 3군과 7군은 COX-2 척제제인 nimesulide(NSD)를 투여하였다. 위의 종양발생양상을 샅최보면 bfNU와 Hp만을 투여한 1 관 ; (hfNU +Hp), 2군 : iNO을 inhibitor 투여군(MNU+HP+AG'1. 3군 ;CO딘-2 Inilibitor 투여군(MNU누Hp누 NSD), 4군 ,MNlf 단독투여군, 5군 ;Hp 단독투여춘, 6군 ; 러p 단독에 AG투여군, 7군 , Hp 단독에 NSD투여군의 종양발샐을은 각각 쁜.Bff(l1/16), 70.6%f12/ti), 했.9ff(7/18), 10%(1/10), Off(O/IS)0%(O/S), 0%(O/5)의 발쟁율을 보여 iNOS 억제제인 AC은 좁양발생을 억계하지 못하였으며, COX-2억제제인 NSD 는 종양발생을 유의적으로 감소시켰다. 콩양발생개수에서는 2.62±0.36, 1.41츠0.14, 0.44 르0.12, 0.10±0.10을 보여 AC와 NSD에서 유의성 있게 발생개수를 줄였다. Hp 단독투여에 의해즌는 종양발생이 나타나지 않았으며 HP+AG, Hp+ IfSD 추여군에콕 시험증료 시점에 약물에 의해 Hp의 제균효과가 있는지의 여부를 확인끓기 위하여 PCR을 이용하여 확인한 결과 모두 양성인 것으로 나타나 Hp의 제균효과에 의한 촐양발생 억제가 일어나지는 않았다. 위의 결과로 볼 때 Hp는 위암발생을 촉진하는 것으로 나타났고 딘p 감염시 매개되는 염증인자를 억제하였을 때 종양발생을 억제하는 것으로 위암 발생에서 염증매개인자는 종양을 촉진하는 것으로 나타났으며 it,705 억제제쓱 COX-』 억제제의 위알 예밭효과fl는 효과적일 것으로 사료된다 In spite of a large volume of epidemiological evidence indicating significant relationship between H. pylori infection and gastric adenocarcinoma, a doubt still exists on an elevated risk of stomach cancer by H. pylori infection due to lack of direct evidence of their exact mechanistic link. It is, therefore, essential to have an appropriate animal model for detailed analysis of the role of H. pylori played in gastric carcinogenesis. There is a wealth of evidence to support that over production of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) is involved in the pathogensis of various cancer in both rodents and humans. The aim of this study was to establish a mouse model for H. pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis and to identify the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) played during the gastric carcinogenesis in mice. Eighty-three specific pathogen free, six-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into seven groups. Animals of the group 1, 2, 3, 4 were given MNU in their drinking water at the concentration of 200 p.p.m. for total five cycles of one-week regimen with one-week pause. After completion of MNU administration, they were given autoclaved distilled water for one weeks, and groups 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 were inoculated with H. pylori. After completion of H. pylori. inoculation, groups 2 and 6 were given aminoguanidine in their drinking water at concentration of 1000p.p.m. and animals of group 3 and 7 were given the diet containing 200 ppm nimesulide at 12 weeks of age. All animals were killed at 50 weeks of age. The incidences of the glandular stomach tumors in the group 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 87.5%(14/16), 76.4%(13/17), 44.4(8/18), 10.0%(1/10), respectively and the tumor incidence of group 3(MNU→Hp+nimesulide) was significantly lower than those of group 1(MNU→Hp) at the value of P<0.01. The average numbers of tumors of group 2(MNU→Hp+AG : 1.41±0.24) and group 3(MNU→Hp+nimesulide : 0.44±0.12) were significantly lower than those of group 1(MNU→Hp : 2.62±0.36) at the value of P<0.05. Therefore, overproduced iNOS and COX-2 plays an important role in mice gastric carcinogenesis. We concluded iNOS and COX-2 inhibitor have good effects on gastric carcinogenesis.

중증 재생불량성 빈혈 환자에서 신우신염에 대한 광범위항생제치료 중에 속발한 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 진균감염 1예

김철희,이정호,이정찬,강정현,곽상혁,배광봉,김현수,김종숙,조덕연,김삼용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1999 충남의대잡지 Vol.26 No.1

Most patients with aplastic anemia who do not respond to immunosuppressive treatment or are not candidates for bone marrow transplantation die of infection or bleeding. The neutropenia in acute leukemia, aplastic anemia, or occurring subsequently to chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation increases susceptibility to infection. In general, the number of infectious episodes correlate with the degree and duration of neutropenia. Global immunosuppression produced by conditioning for bone marrow transplantation or graft-versus-host disease, is associated with unusual bacterial and fungal pathogens, or serious viral and protozoan infections. In addition, repeated treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics is associated with the emergence of resistant organisms and fungal diseases because of the altered microbial microenvironment of the host. The incidence of invasive fungal infection caused by Saccharomycetes eerevisiae in immunosuppressed patients is very rare, compared with that of infection by candida or aspcrgillus species. Cases of Saccharomycetes cerevisiae fungemia occurring in the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics are reported in patients with extensive burn or with prosthetic valve endocarditis. We experienced a case of urinary tract infection by Saccharomycetes cerevisiae in a 27-year old female patient with severe aplastic anemia. We report the case with a review of relevant literatures.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.