서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

Clinicopathological role of kidney injury molecule-1 in immunoglobulin A nephropathy

( Yu Ho Lee ),( Yang-gyun Kim ),( Sang-ho Lee ),( Ju-young Moon ),( Kyung-hwan Jeong ),( Tae-won Lee ),( Chun-gyoo Ihm ) 대한신장학회 2014 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.33 No.3

Background: Urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is an early and sensitivebiomarker of acute kidney injury, but it is unclear if it is a biomarker of chronicglomerulonephritis. We evaluated whether urinary KIM-1 levels in patients withimmunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy can be a marker to reflect clinicopathologicalseverity and predict the prognosis. Methods: We measured urinary KIM-1 levels in 40 patients (15 males; mean age36.6712.9 years) with IgA nephropathy and 10 healthy people (5 males; mean age37.379.6 years) as controls. The correlation of urinary KIM-1 levels with patients’clinical parameters, histological grades, and follow-up data were analyzed using themodified H. S. Lee grading system and tubulointerstitial change scores. Results: Urinary KIM-1 levels were higher in patients with IgA nephropathy thanhealthy controls (P¼0.001). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses showedthat urinary KIM-1 levels had a direct correlation with H. S. Lee grade andtubulointerstitial inflammation (P¼0.004 and P¼0.011, respectively). Conclusion: In patients with IgA nephropathy, urinary KIM-1 has a significantcorrelation with histopathologic severity.

Original Article : Geographic difference of epidemiological features of HCV infection in Korea

( Kyung Ah Kim ),( Sook Hyang Jeong ),( Eun Sun Jang ),( Young Seok Kim3 ),( Youn Jae Lee ),( Eun Uk Jung ),( In Hee Kim ),( Sung Bum Cho ),( Mee Kyung Kee ),( Chun Kang ) 대한간학회 2014 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.20 No.4

Background/Aims: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Korea exhibits significant geographic variation, with it being higher in Busan and Jeonam than in other areas. The reason for this intranational geographic difference was investigated in this study by conducting a comparative analysis of the risk factors related to HCV infection among three geographic areas: the capital (Seoul), Busan, and the province of Jeolla. Methods: In total, 990 patients with chronic HCV infection were prospectively enrolled at 5 university hospitals located in Seoul (n=374), Busan (n=264), and Jeolla (n=352). A standardized questionnaire survey on the risk factors for HCV infection was administered to these three groups of patients, and a comparative analysis of the findings was performed. Results: The analysis revealed significant regional differences in exposure to the risk factors of HCV infection. By comparison with patients in Seoul as a control group in the multivariate analysis, patients in Busan had significantly more experience of invasive medical procedures, acupuncture, cosmetic procedures, and multiple sex partners. In contrast, patients in Jeolla were significantly older, and they had a higher prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma, a lower prevalence of multiple sex partners, and had experienced fewer invasive procedures. Conclusions: There was a significant geographic difference in the exposure to potential risk factors of HCV infection between patients from the three studied regions. This may explain the regional variation of the prevalence of HCV infection in Korea, and should be taken into account when planning strategies for the prevention and management of HCV infection. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2014;20:361-367)

우리나라 논 관개용 지하수 수질 특성

김진호,조광래,임수정,이경자,경기천,엄미정,김희권,김찬용,이영한,이신찬,윤순강 한국환경농학회 2003 한국환경농학회지 Vol.22 No.4

This study was carried out to evaluate the status of the groundwater quality for paddy fields irrigation in Korea. Water samples were collected at 130 sites throughout the country. Samples were collected at three seasons-April, July and October-in 2000. According to our survey, the groundwater was found to be suitable for irrigation purpose. Average EC was shown 0.286 dS/m. Nitrate-nitrogen and Cl^(-) concentration was 5.6 ㎎/L, 32.95 ㎎/L which satisfied the Korean Standards for Irrigation Water. Nitrate-nitrogen concentration in each province was shown as following orders: Jeju (11.17 ㎎/L) > Chungnam (8.16 ㎎/L) > Gyeongbuk (6.64 ㎎/L) > Gyounggi (5.91 ㎎/L) > Chungnam (4.95 ㎎/L) > Gyeongnam (3.91 mgk) > Jeonbuk (3.50 ㎎/L) > Jeonnam (3.27 ㎎/L) > Gangwon (2.91 ㎎/L). The concentration by sampling seasons were October (6.62 ㎎/L) > July (5.88 mg&) > April (4.78㎎/L). As the soil of Jeju Province is usually derived from volcanic ash soils mainly used for upland drops, it may influence the nitrate-nitrogen concentration of groundwater. The amount of rainfall also influence the water quality. But the COD_(Cr), were shown April (3.17㎎/L) > July (2.91 ㎎/L) > October (2.40 ㎎/L), it is highly related in the basal dose of organic matter fertilizers. This study demonstrated that groundwater quality was suitable for irrigation, but continuous monitoring is recommended for agricultural policy and developing OECD agricultural environment indicators.

水泳一스트레스에 의한 血裝 Corticosterone 증가에 미치는 水溫, Clonidine 및 Bromazepam의 영향

金炯健,申炅浩,金庚旭,全普權,千然淑 고려대학교 의과대학 1989 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.26 No.2

Recently, many reports suggested that warm water swim-stress induces an opioid-analgesia, while cold water swim-stress produces a nonopioid form of analgesia. And Hong et. al. reported that the increase of plasma corticosterone (p-CS) in response to swim-stress at 20℃(20-SS) was significantly attenuated by swim-stress at 4℃ (4-SS) was affected by CL but markedly suppressed by BA. In this paper, the influences of CL-500㎍/㎏ and BA-5㎎/㎏ on the change of p-CS in response to 20-SS or 4-SS were studied in male mice comparing with those of morphine and naloxone. The 20-SS induced increase of p-CS was significantly inhibited by CL and BA, respectively, while the 4-SS induced increase was not affected by CL but markedly inhibited by BA. And the 20-SS or 4-SS induced increase of p-CS was slightly inhibited by naloxone,2mg/kg but not affected by morphine, 2㎎/㎏. The increase of p-SS in response to three times repeated 20-SS or 4-SS with one hour interval was little affected by B-pretreatment, but CL-pretreatment slightly attenuated the 4-SS induced increase of p-CS and significantly inhibited the 20-SS induced increase. The increase of p-CS induced by the repeated SS was little affected by the treatment of BA 30 minutes before the last SS, but the such treatment of CL slightly attenuated the p-CS increase induced by the repeated 20-SS but significantly enhanced the p-CS increase by the repeated the repeated 4-SS. And during the experiment of repeated 4-SS, 55.6% of mice pretreated with BA were drowned. The results demonstrate that there are some pharmacological differences between the mechanisms of hypothalamo-adenohypophysial responses to 20-SS and 4-SS, respectively.

서울 서남부지역 노인 인구에서 비만증 유병률과 고지혈증과의 상관성

최경묵,조영직,김경오,김동림,김난희,백세현,안정천,서홍석,오동주,최동섭 대한노인병학회 2000 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.4 No.3

저체중 또는 과체중 청소년에서 캠프 프로그램을 이용한 영양 교육효과에 관한 연구

성미경,승정자,류화춘,박재년,박동연,최미경,조경옥,최선혜,이윤신,김유경,이은주 대한지역사회영양학회 2003 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.8 No.4

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition education program developed for nutritionally imbalanced adolescents. A summer nutrition camp was held for 23 overweight and 16 underweight subjects. Its effectiveness with regard to was evaluated at the end of the camp and 6 months later. Nutrition knowledge, nutritional attitude, food behavior, nutrient intake, exercise habit and ideal body figures desired by the subjects. The results showed significantly higher nutrition knowledge scores at the end of the camp as compared to those obtained prior to the camp program, and these scores were maintained for at least six months. Nutrition attitude scores also improved after the education program, and these improved scores also lasted for 6 months. However, the food behavior scores measured 6 months after the education program were not significantly different from those obtained prior to the camp. Also, the exercise habit, the ideal body figures and the body figures desired by the subjects remained unchanged. When nutrient intakes of subjects were assessed before the program and 6 months later, the mean daily vitamin C intake was significantly increased after the education program. Also, the intake of iron from plant food sources increased in the overweight subjects, while less iron from animal source were consumed by the underweight subjects. Both groups tended to consume more vegetables and fruits 6 months after the education program which may have contribute to the higher vitamin C and plant-based iron intakes. These results indicate that a 4-day nutrition education camp program sustained changes in nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude for 6 months. The increased intake of vegetables and fruits was also achieved through this education program. However, changes in dietary behavior in adolescents may require repeated education.

Medicinal Chemistry : EVALUATION OF CADMIUM-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY USING URINARY METABOLOMIC PROFILES IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY MALE RATS

( Yu Kyung Lee ),( Eun Young Park ),( Shi Won Kim ),( Ji Yeon Son ),( Tae Hyung Kim ),( Won Gu Kang ),( Tae Chun Jeong ),( Kyu Bong Kim ),( Seung Jun Kwack ),( Jae Won Lee ),( Suh Mann Kim ),( Byung M 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-

The aim of this study was to investigate urinary metabolomics profiles associated with cadmium (Cd)-induced nephrotoxicity and their potential mechanisms. Metabolomic profiles were measured by high-resolution 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in the urine of rats after oral exposure to CdCl2 (1, 5, or 25 mg/kg) for 6 wk. The spectral data were further analyzed by a multivariate analysis to identify specific urinary metabolites. Urinary excretion levels of protein biomarkers were also measured and CdCl2 accumulated dose-dependently in the kidney. High-dose (25 mg/kg) CdCl2 exposure significantly increased serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), but serum creatinine (sCr) levels were unchanged. High-dose CdCl2 (25 mg/kg) exposure also significantly elevated protein-based urinary biomarkers including osteopontin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), kidney injury molecules-1 (Kim-1), and selenium-bingding protein 1 (SBP1) in rat urine. Under these conditions, six urinary metabolites (citarate, serine, 3-hydroxyisovalerate, 4-hydroxyphentllactate, dimethylamine, and betaine) were involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism. In addition, a few number of amino acids such as glycine, glutamate, tyrosine, proline, or phentlalanine and carbohydrate (glucose) were altered in urine afrer CdCl2 exposure. In particular, the metabolites involved in the glutathione biosynthesis pathway, including cysteine, serine, methionine, and glutamate, were markedly decreased compared to the control. Thus, these metabolites are potential biomarkers for detection of Cd-induced nephrotoxicity. Our results further indicate that redox metabolomics pathways may be associated with Cd-mediated chronic kidney injury. These findings provide a biochemical pathway for better understanding of cellulat mechanism underlying Cd-induced renal injury in hunmans.

Poster Session:PS 0545 ; Nephrology : A Case Report of Capd Peritonitis with the Pathogen of O. Anthropi

( Hyung Oh Kim ),( Chun Gyoo Ihm ),( Tae Won Lee ),( Kyung Hwan Jeong ),( Seul Ki Kim ),( Ji Yun Park ),( Jin Sug Kim ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: We report a rare case of CAPD peritonitis caused by Ochrobacterium anthropi. Introductions: Among the continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD) patients, peritonitis is one of the most commonly taken complications, and also the general cause of dialytic modality exchange to hemodialysis. Usual pathogens of CAPD peritonitis may be bacteria, fungi, mycobacteria. Coagulase negative staphylococci, S. aureus, campylobacter, pseudomonas are common reported pathogens among the bacteria, of CAPD peritonitis cases, meanwhile candida is among fungi. Ochrobacterium anthropi is one species of Brucellaceae, which is rare pathogen of human disease. Case (Methods and results): 73 years old female, who was on CAPD due to diabetic end stage renal disease visited Kyung-Hee University hospital with intermittent abdominal pain. Body fi uid analysis showed increased white blood cell(WBC) count of 26,750/mm3 with her peritoneal fi uid. Culture study with peritoneal fi uid suggested O. anthropi, and DNA sequencing with PCR was consistent with O. anthropi. Intraperitoneal ceftazidime and cefazolin were administrated as empirical antibiotics. Ceftazidime resistance was noted with the result of antibiotics sensitivity test at 7th day of hospitalization, and antibiotics were changed into intraperitoneal gentamicin, which showed sensitivity to the pathogen. CAPD catheter removal and antibiotics re-exchange into imipenem and cefazolin, which were other sensitive antibiotics by the sensitivity test, were done since clinical manifestation and peritoneal fi uid WBC count was repeatedly improved and aggravated. The patient discharged with improved lab test results and resolving clinical symptoms afterward. Conclusions: We presentators report rare case of CAPD peritonitis with pathogen of O. anthropi. The pathogen of the case confi rmed by classical microbiologic, and molecular biologic Methods: The patient was unable to treat only with antibiotics, thus CAPD catheter, which might be act as colonizing source, was removed, and the disease resolved.

그람양성구균에 대한 Teicoplanin과 Vancomycin의 시험관내 항균력

최태열,김경숙,전용관,서일혜,김정욱,이웅수,안정열,김홍석,정재용,최효선,김덕언,유진우 대한감염학회 1994 감염 Vol.26 No.1

An increasing frequency of methicillin resistant S. aureus(MRSA), methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci(MRCNS) and Enterococcal infection have been observed in recent years. Teicoplanin is a new glycopeptide antibiotic obstained from the Actinoplanes teicomycetius. The molecular structure and spectrum of antimicrobial activity of teicoplanin is simillar to those of vancomycin, and has been reported to have an excellent in vitro and in vivo effect against various gram-positive infections. Therefore, we evaluated the in vitor susceptibility of gram positive cocci, such as, S. aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococci(CNS), and Enterococci to teicoplanin and vancomycin. The total 253 strains consisted of MSSA(40), MRSA(53), MSCNS(47), MRCNS(48), and Enterococci(65). They were assayed by disc diffusion and agar dilution. During the study, 57% of S. aureus and 49% of CNS showed resistance to methicillin. The inhibitory diameter of teicoplanin was 15-20mm in MSSA, 12-19mm in MRSA, 13-24mm in MSCNS, 11-23mm in MRCNS, and 15-22mm in Enterococci respectively, and showed sensitivity in all but 8 strains(3.2%). The range of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of teicoplanin to MSSA, MRSA, MSCNS, MRCNS and Enterococci were 9.12-2.0㎍/ml, 0.25-2.0㎍/ml, & 0.25-32㎍/ml, 0.12-1.0㎍/ml respectively. One case of S. haemolyticus was resistant to teicoplanin (32㎍/ml) by the agar dilution method. Eight minor (3.2%) and one major(0.4%) error was observed when the MIC and disk diffusion data were correlated with teicoplanin. As for vancomycin the inhibitory diameter was 17-21mm in MSSA, 15-21mm in MRSA, 18-26mm in MSCNS, 18-25mm in MRCNS, and 16-22mm in Enterococci respectively. The range of the MIC of vancomycin to MSSA, MRSA, MSCNS, MRCNS, and Enterococci were 0.25-1.0㎍/ml, 0.25-4.0㎍/ml, 0.5-2.0㎍/ml and 0.5-2.0㎍/ml respectively. One minor error (0.4%) was seen with the vancomycin disk. The MIC90 of MSSA and MRSA exhibited the same results in teicoplanin (1.0㎍/ml, 1.0㎍/ml), and vancomycin(2.0㎍/ml, 2.0㎍/ml). MSCNS and MRCNS exhibited greater MIC90 with teicoplanin(4.0㎍/ml, 8.0㎍/ml) than vancomycin(2.0㎍/ml, 2.0㎍/ml). Incontrase Enterococci were more susceptible to teicoplanin(0.5㎍/ml) than to vancomucin (2.0㎍/ml). Results from this analysis indicated that both teicoplanin and vancomycin were very excellent for gram positive infections, especially those resistant to methicillin.