특수교사의 교직갈등 요인과 대처방식에 관한 인식 연구

김진숙ㆍ정대영(Jin Sug KimㆍDae young Jung) 한국특수교육학회 2016 특수교육학연구 Vol.50 No.4

단일 수로내의 상반류 유동 한계

金相寧,梁碩珍,趙相鎭 慶熙大學校 1989 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

A set of experiments of Counter - Current Flow Limit ( CCFL or Flooding ) was executed to improve the drawbacks of Wallis' Correlation which neglects channel length, injection method of liquid and gas phase. In these experiments, using water and air, the followings are found ; ⅰ) The effect of channel length is quite significant, ⅱ) By increasing gas flow rate ( gas velocity ) the flooding point moves upward. This phenomenum is believed to be the effect of flow developing along the channel. ⅲ) The effect of water inlet device is not so significant as that of channel length. But the inlet boundary conditions can also effect the flow developing and flooding afterward, ⅳ) When flooding front reaches the inlet of water injection device, a new reduced flow conditions are set up and resulted in another flooding. This event can be explained by the flooding at the water inlet, therefore, the water can not flow down easily.

0.2% 불화나트륨 용액으로 5년간 양치한 초등학교 아동의 영구치 우식증 예방효과

손석환,이재화,김지영,김진범 대한구강보건학회 2003 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.27 No.2

Supervised weekly fluoride mouthrinsing(FMR) program with 0.2 percent neutral sodium fluroide solution has been implemented at primary schools in Pusan, Korea since 1995 to prevent the prevalent dental caries. Children of sixth grade in 2000 who had joined the weekly FMR program at four primary school in Pusan with a 0.2 percent sodium fluoride solution for five years from first grade in 1995 to fifth grade in 1999 were selected as experimental group. Children of sixth grade in 2000 who had not joined the FMR program until sixth grade and had not drunk fluoridated pulic water at two primary schools in the Bukgu(Norhtern) District of Ulsan were selected as control group. Samples were 295 in FMR group and 312 in control group. To estimate caries preventive effect, epidemiologic dental survey was performed at the schools of FMR and control group in 2000 for 11-year-old children. The surveyed data were analyzed with SPSS statistical package. The obtained results were as follws. 1. Children who experienced caries on permanent teeth were 71.2% in FMR group and 83.3% in control group. 12.1% of DMF rate decreased in FMR group compared to control group. 2. The DMFT scores were 2.68 in FMR group and 3.29 in control group. The difference of DMFT scores was 0.61 between fluoride mouthrinsing group. The caries reduction rate from 5-year FMR program was calculated as 18.5% by the difference of DMFT scores between FMR group and control group. 3. The DMFS scores were 4.04 in FMR group and 5.05 in control group. The difference of DMFS scores was 1.01 between FMR group and control group. The caries reduction rate from 5-year FMR program was calculated as 20.0% by the difference of DMFS scores between FMR group and control group. 4. Significant Caries Index of permanent teeth was 5.46 in FMR group and 6.02 in control group. 5. We suggest that fluoride mouthrinsing program should be developed to all primary schools to prevent dental caries.

비선형 시스템의 진화형 신경회로망 제어기의 구현

심영진,박두환,김태우,지석준,이준탁 동아대학교 정보기술연구소 2000 情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.8 No.1

The stabilization control of Inverted Pendulum(IP) system is difficult because of its nonlinearity and structural unstability. Futhermore, a series of conventional techniques such as the pole placement and the optimal control based on the local linearizations have narrow stabilizable regions. At the same time, the fine tunings of their gain parameters are also troublesome. Thus, in this paper, an Evolving Neural Network Controller(ENNC) which its structure and its connection weights are optimized simultaneously by Real Variable Elitist Genetic Algorithm(RVEGA) was presented for stabilization of an IP system with nonlinearity. This proposed ENNC was described by a simple genetic chromosome. And the deletion of neuron, the determinations of input or output neuron, the deleted neuron and the activation functions types are given according to the various flag types. Therefore, the connection weights, its structure and the neuron types in the given ENNC can be optimized by the proposed evolution strategy. And the proposed ENNC was implemented successfully on the ADA-2310 data acquisition board and the P-III microprocessor in order to stabilize the nonlinear system. initial values and the external disturbances applied to pendulum. Its main hardwares were made of the ADA-2310 data acquisition board and the P-III microprocessor. Through the simulation and experimental results, we showed that the finally acquired optimal PENNC was very useful in the stabilization control of nonlinear(IP) system.

Significant Association between Toll-Like Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Posttransplantation Diabetes Mellitus

Kim, Jin Sug,Kim, Seul Ki,Park, Ji Yoon,Kim, Yang Gyun,Moon, Joo Young,Lee, Sang Ho,Ihm, Chun Gyoo,Lee, Tae Won,Kim, Su Kang,Chung, Joo-Ho,Kang, Sun Woo,Kim, Tae Hee,Kim, Yeong Hoon,Jeong, Kyung Hwan S.Karger 2016 The Nephron Journals Vol.133 No.4

<P>Background: Posttransplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is an important metabolic complication after renal transplantation. Activation of the innate immune system via toll-like receptors (TLRs) is implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and deficiency. Although links between diabetes, dysregulated innate immune responses, and the TLR signaling pathway have been reported, no study so far has investigated their associations with PTDM. In this study, we ascertained whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLRs are associated with PTDM in the Korea population. Methods: A total of 305 patients who received renal transplants without previously diagnosed diabetes were included. We analyzed the association between PTDM development and 6 SNPs within 2 genes of TLR2, 1 gene of TLR4, and 3 genes of TRL6. Results: Of 305 patients, PTDM developed in 51 patients (16.6%). Patients in the PTDM group were older than those in the non-PTDM group (45.56 +/- 1.28 vs. 38.28 +/- 0.71 years). Patients with PTDM had significantly higher allele frequency compared to those without PTDM for the TLR4rs1927914*T, TLR6rs3775073*A, TLR6rs3821985*C, and TLR6rs1039559*C alleles. Of the 6 SNPs, rs1927914 in the TLR4 gene and rs1039559 in the TLR6 gene were significantly associated with the development of PTDM after adjustment for age, gender, and tacrolimus usage. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates a significant association between SNPs rs1927914 in TLR4 and rs1039559 in TLR6 and PTDM in the renal transplantation recipient group. These data suggest that the activation of the innate immune system and inflammation via TLR activation might have an essential role in the pathogenesis of PTDM in renal transplantation. (C) 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel.</P>

A New Soybean Cultivar, "Jonam" for Sprout with Early Maturity, Small Seed Size and High Sprout Yielding

Young Jin Oh,Kyong Ho Kim,Sug Kee Suh,Sang Kyun Cho,Young Jin Kim,Soo Dong Kim,Ho Ki Park,Jung Gon Kim,In Youl Baek,Hong Tae Yun,Dong Kwan Kim,Yong Duk Kim,Kwang Yong JungSeo 한국육종학회 2007 한국육종학회지 Vol.39 No.4

A new sprout-soybean cultivar, "Jonam" was developed at the Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI) in 2006. Jonam was selected from a cross between Eunhakong and Jeonju-I1. The preliminary, advanced, and regional yield trials for evaluation and selection of this line (Iksan 48) were carried out from 2002 to 2006. This cultivar has a determinate growth habit with purple flower, grayish brown pubescence, grayish brown hilum, lanceolate leaflet shape and small seed size (9.6 grams per 100 seeds). The maturity date of "Jonam" is 18 days earlier than that of the check variety, "Pungsan". It has good seed quality for soybean-sprout and resistance to lodging. This cultivar has resistance to soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and necrotic symptom(SMV-N). The average yield of "Jonam" was 2.57 ton per hectare in the regional yield trials for double cropping carried out for three years from 2004 to 2006.

Design of a Polymer–Carbon Nanohybrid Junction by Interface Modeling for Efficient Printed Transistors

Kim, Do Hwan,Shin, Hyeon-Jin,Lee, Hyo Sug,Lee, Jiyoul,Lee, Bang-Lin,Lee, Wi Hyoung,Lee, Jong-Hwa,Cho, Kilwon,Kim, Woo-Jae,Lee, Sang Yoon,Choi, Jae-Young,Kim, Jong Min American Chemical Society 2012 ACS NANO Vol.6 No.1

<P>Molecularly hybridized materials composed of polymer semiconductors (PSCs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) may provide a new way to exploit an advantageous combination of semiconductors, which yields electrical properties that are not available in a single-component system. We demonstrate for the first time high-performance inkjet-printed hybrid thin film transistors with an electrically engineered heterostructure by using specially designed PSCs and semiconducting SWNTs (sc-SWNTs) whose system achieved a high mobility of 0.23 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>–1</SUP> s<SUP>–1</SUP>, no <I>V</I><SUB>on</SUB> shift, and a low off-current. PSCs were designed by calculation of the density of states of the backbone structure, which was related to charge transfer. The sc-SWNTs were prepared by a single cascade of the density-induced separation method. We also revealed that the binding energy between PSCs and sc-SWNTs was strongly affected by the side-chain length of PSCs, leading to the formation of a homogeneous nanohybrid film. The understanding of electrostatic interactions in the heterostructure and experimental results suggests criteria for the design of nanohybrid heterostructures.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2012/ancac3.2012.6.issue-1/nn2041472/production/images/medium/nn-2011-041472_0003.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn2041472'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Action of <i>Dracocephalum argunense</i> on Mast Cell-Mediated Allergy Model

Kim, Sang-Hyun,Kim, Sug-Hyun,Kim, Sung-Hwa,Moon, Jin-Young,Park, Won-Hwan,Kim, Cheorl-Ho,Shin, Tae-Yong Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2006 BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN Vol.29 No.3

<P>The discovery of drugs for the treatment of allergic disease is an important subject in human health. Stimulation of mast cells starts the process of degranulation resulting in releasing of mediators, such as histamine. In this report, we investigated the effect of aqueous extract of <I>Dracocephalum argunense</I> F<SMALL>ISCH</SMALL>. (Labiatae) (DAAE) on the mast cell-mediated allergic response and studied its possible mechanisms of action, focusing on the histamine release and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in mast cells. DAAE inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic reactions and serum histamine release in mice. In addition, DAAE attenuated IgE-mediated skin allergic reaction. DAAE dose-dependently reduced IgE-induced histamine release from mast cells. The level of cAMP was transiently increased by treatment of DAAE. DAAE specifically blocked the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore A23187-induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. DAAE decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 in mast cells. Our findings provide evidence that DAAE inhibits mast cell derived allergic reactions, and involvement of cAMP for histamine release and p38 MAPK for pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in these effects.</P>

<i>N</i>-Heterocyclic carbene-catalysed intermolecular Stetter reactions of acetaldehyde

Kim, Sun Min,Jin, Ming Yu,Kim, Mi Jin,Cui, Yan,Kim, Young Sug,Zhang, Liqiu,Song, Choong Eui,Ryu, Do Hyun,Yang, Jung Woon Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry Vol.9 No.7

<P>A facile method for the intermolecular Stetter reaction of various Michael acceptors with acetaldehyde as a biomimetic acylanion source was realized using <I>N</I>-heterocyclic carbene catalysis. This catalytic system has also been applied to the enantioselective Stetter reaction and resulted in moderate to good enantioselectivities for the corresponding Stetter products.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A facile method for the intermolecular Stetter reaction of various Michael acceptors with acetaldehyde as a biomimetic acylanion source was realized using <I>N</I>-heterocyclic carbene catalysis. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c0ob01178a'> </P>

Characteristics of Cucumber mosaic virus Infecting Zucchini in Korea

Kim, Mi-Kyeong,Kwak, Hae-Ryun,Jeong, Seon-Gi,Ko, Sug-Ju,Lee, Su-Heon,Kim, Jeong-Soo,Kim, Kook-Hyung,Choi, Jang-Kyung,Choi, Hong-Soo,Cha, Byeong-Jin The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2010 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.26 No.2

A virus causing stunt, yellowing, severe mosaic, malformation symptoms on leaves and uneven development and malformation on fruits of zucchini was prevalent around Goseong, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. A survey conducted (2004) in the Goseong area revealed about 20% virus infection rate. The disease causative identified as Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-Z1) was further characterized. The isolate induces mosaic symptoms on Cucumis sativus, while severe mosaic, stunt and malformation on C. pepo. Thin section analyses have shown that virus inclusions are formed in the cuticle layers as well as epidermal, parenchyma and collenchymas cells in virus-infected Nicotiana tabacum. CMV-Z1 isolate induced specific cytoplasmic inclusion bodies such as irregular clumps (IC), crystal (Cr) and irregular chloroplasts (ICh). IC was made up of virus particles interspersed with a darkly stained amorphous material and found both in the cytoplasm and vacuoles, whereas ICh and Cr were rarely found in the vacuoles. The genome of CMV-Z1 RNA-1 consists of 3359 nucleotide (nt) encoding 1a protein of 993 amino acids (aa). The CMV-Z1 RNA-2 was 3050 nt in length containing 2a (857 aa) and 2b (110 aa), while RNA-3 encoding 3a movement protein (279 aa) and coat protein (218 aa) was 2215 nt in length. Phylogenetic analyses of nucleotide sequences of CMV-Z1 isolate appeared it is more closely related to subgroup IA than to subgroup IB or II.