Ki-67 labeling index as a prognostic marker in advanced stomach cancer

Sang Hyuk Seo,Kwang Hee Kim,Sang Hoon Oh,Yunseon Choi,Ki Jung Ahn,Ji Young Lee,Sang Min Lee,박지선,Woo Gyeong Kim 대한외과학회 2019 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.96 No.1

Purpose: Proliferation marker Ki-67 is widely used in cancer prognosis prediction. We tried to investigate the role of Ki-67 as a prognostic factor in stomach cancer after surgery in this study. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 251 patients who underwent curative resection for gastric cancer from 2010 to 2015. In pathologic examination, Ki-67 labeling index was defined as the percentage of Ki-67 antigen positive cells. Prognostic significance of Ki-67 for gastric cancer was evaluated. Disease-free survival (DFS) was assessed as a primary end-point. Results: The median follow-up period was 28.0 months. Thirty-one patients (12.4%) showed Ki-67 labeling index (LI) lower than 25%. Sixty-eight patients (26.6%) showed recurrence during follow-up period. Recurrence was associated with Ki- 67 LI level (≤25%, P = 0.016), and lymph node metastasis status (P = 0.002). High Ki-67 LI level (>25%) was also related to p53 positivity (P < 0.001) and poorly cohesive type (P = 0.002). The 3-year DFS was 69.4%. Low Ki-67 LI level (≤25%) was related with low DFS (47.6% vs. 72.6%, P = 0.016). T stage (P < 0.001), N stage (P = 0.006), lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.010), and neuronal invasion (P = 0.001) also affected the DFS. In addition, T stage (P = 0.03) and Ki-67 LI (P = 0.035) were independent prognostic factors for DFS. In patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy (n = 239, 93.4%), low Ki-67 (≤25%) was a poor prognostic factor for DFS (P = 0.013). Conclusion: Low Ki-67 LI predicts high rate of progression and low DFS of stomach cancer. Ki-67 LI can be a predictive marker in resected stomach cancer treated with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.

간내 담석과 동반된 간내 담도암에서의 p53과 Ki-ras의 발현

김명환,이성구,서동완,이승규,남승우,박능화,민영일,김연석,심기남,공경엽 대한소화기학회 1997 대한소화기학회지 Vol.30 No.5

Background/Aims: Hepatolithiasis or primary intrahepatic stones may be accompanied later by intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. This cancerous lesion is frequently associated with atypical hyperplastic epithelium that was suspected of being precancerous. To investigate the Ki-ras or p53 mutation may play a role in carcinogenesis, and to determine whether atypical hyperplastic epithelium may be precancerous, this study was performed in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis. Methods: We examined 12 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis. Ki-ras point mutations were assessed by direct DNA sequencing. Expressions of p53 protein were immunohistochemically assessed. The overexpression of p53 and point mutation of Ki-ras were examined in normal, hyperplastic, atypical hyperplastic, and can- cerous tissues separately. Results: The expressions of p53 protein were detected in 4 (33%) of 12 cholangiocarcinomas and Ki-ras point mutations at codon 12 were found in 2 (17%) of 12 cholangiocarcinomas. In those two carcinoma cases which contained the mutant sequence of Ki-ras, the same point mutation from wild type GGT (glycine) to GAT (aspartic acid) was. found in the associated atypical hyperplastic epithelium. However, none of the normal and hyperplastic epithelium harbored Ki-ras or p53 mutations. Conclusions: The overexpression of p53 may play a part in the carcinogenesis of some intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis, whereas the role of Ki-ras mutations in those cases is dubious. However, Ki-ras point mutation at codon 12 may be responsible for either cancer or atypical hyperplastic epithelium associated with hepatolithiasis in certain cases, suggesting atypical hyperplastic epithelium may give rise to carcinoma.

Comparison of Proliferative Activity in Each Histological Subtypes of Benign and Atypical Intracranial Meningiomas by PCNA and Ki-67 Immunolabeling

최승진,장은덕,권성오,계대곤,박춘근,이상원,강준기,Choi, Seung Jin,Chang, Eun Deok,Kwon, Seung Oh,Kye, Dae Kon,Park, Choon Keun,Lee, Sang Won,Kang, Joon Ki The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2000 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.29 No.9

목 적 : 양성 뇌수막종에 비하여 이형성 및 악성 뇌수막종이 나쁜 임상적인 예후 및 양상을 보이는 것은 잘 알려져 있으나, 양성 뇌수막종에 있어서 각각의 병리조직학적 아형에 따른 생물학적 양상의 차이에 대해서는 잘 알려지지 않거나 일부 논란이 되고있다. 본 연구에서는 이형성 뇌수막종 및 양성 뇌수막종의 각각의 병리조직학적 아형에 따른 증식능의 차이여부를 알아보고자 PCNA와 Ki-67표지지수를 분석하였다. 방 법 : 본원에서 뇌수막종으로 수술을 시행하여 얻은, 재발을 보여 재수술을 시행한 2례를 포함하여, 파라핀에 포매시킨 27개의 조직을 대상으로 병리학적인 증식능을 분석하기 위해, PCNA에 대한 단일항체 및 MIB-1 단일항체를 이용한 면역조직화학적 염색을 시행하였다. 조직학적 분류상 meningothelial type이 8례, transitional type이 9례, fibroblastic type이 5례였으며, 이형성 수막종이 5례였다. 결 과 : PCNA표지지수의 평균값은 양성 수막종에서 meningothelial type이 $4.82{\pm}5.10%$, transitional type이 $9.01{\pm}4.25%$, fibroblastic type이 $5.66{\pm}5.32%$를 보였으나 이형성 수막종에서는 $27.62{\pm}19.67%$의 높은 지수를 나타냈고, Ki-67 표지지수의 평균값은 양성 수막종의 아형에서 각각 $0.43{\pm}0.85%$, $0.44{\pm}1.08%$, $0.24{\pm}0.18%$를 보이고, 역시 이형성 수막종에서는 $0.84{\pm}0.59%$의 높은 지수를 보였다. 즉, 양성 수막종에서 각각의 아형에 따른 PCNA 및 Ki-67 표지지수는 통계학적으로 의미있는 차이는 없었으나(p>0.05), 이형성 수막종에서는 의미있는 높은 표지지수를 보여(p<0.05) 양성 수막종에서 보다 높은 증식능을 보임을 알 수 있었다. 결 론 : PCNA 및 Ki-67 표지지수를 이용한 증식능의 비교결과, 양성 뇌수막종에서는 각각의 아형에 따른 생물학적 양상이나 예후는 차이가 없을것으로 생각되나, 이형성 수막종에서는 높은 증식능을 보여 이에 대한 예후를 예상할 수 있을것으로 생각되며, 또한 이러한 표지지수가 병리조직학적으로 양성과 이형성의 감별에 많은 도움이 될것으로 사료된다. Objective : The clinical prognosis and biological behavior of atypical and especially malignant meningiomas are well known to be worse than benign meningioma, but the degree of biological aggressiveness in each classical subtypes of benign meningioma is controversy. This study was performed to see whether there is a difference in the proliferative activity between each different histological subtypes of benign meningioma as well as atypical meningioma. Methods : Paraffin-embedded surgical specimens of 27 meningiomas, including two recurrent tumors, were studied to evaluate proliferative activity by immunohistochemical method with monoclonal antibodies to proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and MIB-1. The specimens consisted of 8 cases of meningothelial, 9 cases of transitional, 5 cases of fibroblastic subtypes and 5 cases of atypical meningiomas. Results : Mean PCNA labeling indices of meningothelial, transitional and fibroblastic meningiomas were $4.82{\pm}5.10%$, $9.01{\pm}4.25%$ and $5.66{\pm}5.32%$, but that of atypical meningiomas was $27.62{\pm}19.67%$, noting a higher value compared to all three subtypes of benign meningiomas. Mean Ki-67 labeling indices of the above 3 subtypes were $0.43{\pm}0.85%$, $0.44{\pm}1.08%$ and $0.24{\pm}0.18%$, and that of atypical meningiomas was also revealed to be of higher value ($0.84{\pm}0.59%$). PCNA and Ki-67 labeling indices were not statistically different between histological subtypes of benign meningioma(p>0.05), but the differences of both immunolabeling between benign and atypical meningiomas were statistically significant(p<0.05). Conclusion : Immunolabeling of PCNA and Ki-67 in intracranial meningiomas reveals no prognostic difference between meningothelial, transitional and fibroblastic subtypes in classical benign meningiomas by measuring expression of PCNA and Ki-67, but it seems to be helpful in differentiating benign and atypical meningioma, later showing more proliferative activity and biological aggressiveness.

Gelatin 액화세균의 생장억제에 관한 연구

이기성,崔榮吉,趙賢淑 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1983 環境科學論文集 Vol.4 No.-

Gelatin 을 재료로 이용하는 식품의 폐기물에서 gelatin 을 액화시키는 능력이 특히 뛰어난 4종의 세균을 분리·동정하였으며, 배지내에 NaCI, KI·I₂, CuSO₄등의 억제제를 농도별로 처리했을때 나타나는 4균주의 생존도 및 액화능의 변화를 비교·검토하였고, 생존도에 미치는 pH의 영향도 조사하였다. 또한 MIC(Minimal Inhibitory Concentration) Test를 시행하여 항생제에 대한 4균주의 MIC도 조사하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 4균주중 H strain은 Serratia liquefaciens로, Y₁strain은 Enterobacter속으로, Y₂와 Y₃strain 은 Pseudomonas 속으로 동정되었다. 2. 배지내에 억제제로 NaCl을 처리했을 경우, 7% 농도에서 생장이 100% 억제되었으며, KI·I₂처리시에는 20ppm 에서부터 생장이 억제되기 시작하여 100ppm에서는 4개의 균주 모두 100% 생장이 억제되었다. CuSO₄처리시에는 100ppm에서부터 억제효과를 나타내기 시작하여 300ppm에서는 거의 100% 억제 효과를 보였다. 생존도에 미치는 pH의 영향을 살펴본 결과, pH 5.0, 5.5, 6.0에서는 대조군과 동일한 생존도를 나타냈으나 pH 4.0, 4.5 에서는 100% 생장이 억제되었다. 분리 균주들의 액화능 비교에 있어서는 H strain 이 가장 뛰어난 액화능을 나타내었다. CuSO₄와 KI·I₂를 각각 3ppm, 10ppm의 저농도로 처리했을 경우 4균주의 액화능은 대체로 10∼20% 감소되었다. 3. 액화 능력이 가장 뛰어난 H strain 의 MIC 는 Penicillin G; 1∼5 ㎍/ml, Spectinomycin; 12.5∼25㎍/ml, Ampicillin; <0.05㎍/ml, Cefobid; <1㎍/ml, Claforan; 0.02∼0.3㎍/ml, Tetra-cycline; >10㎍/ml로 나타났다. Tetracycline을 제외한 5가지 항생제에 대하여 H strain이 Y strain들에 비해 민감한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 Tetracycline의 경우에는 H strain이 Y strain들에 비하여 저항성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. Four strains of gelatin-liquefying bacteria were isolated from the sewage of the food using gelatin as the material. Treated with various concentration of NaCl, KI-I₂and CuSO₄in the culture medium and with various gradient of pH, viability of the four strains was examined and compared with each other. And also, gelatin liquefying ability was investigated in the normal culture condition and in accordance with the concentration of the inhibitor. Morever, MIC(Minimal Inhibitory Concentration) test for these strains was also carried out. The results were as follows: 1. Of the four isolated strains, the H strain was identified as Serratia liquefaciens, Y₁as the genus Enterobacter, Y₂and Y₃strains as the genus Pseudomonas. 2. Treating the culture medium with NaCl as the growth inhibitor, 7% concentration of NaCl inhibited completely the viability of all the isolated strains. Adding KI-I₂solution to the medium at the level of 20ppm, viability began to decrease and the inhibitory effect was shown 100% at 100ppm. Treated with CuSO₄at the level of 10ppm, viability began to decrease, and at 300ppm growth inhibition showed almost 100%. There was no significant difference in viability according to the pH gradient at the range of 5.0-6.0. However, at pH 4.0 and 4.5, 100% inhibitory effect on the growth was shown. Considered with the ability of gelatin liquefaction, the H strain among the four strains had the most rapid and strong ability in gelatin liquefaction. (That is, about 23 times more effective in gelatin liquefaction than that of Y₁strain) 3. Considered the MIC test, the H strain was more sensitive to Penicillin G(1-5 ㎍/ml), Spectinomycin(12.5-25㎍/ml), Ampicillin(<0.05㎍/ml), Cefobid(<1㎍/ml) and Claforan (0.02-0.3㎍/ml) than to those of the strains. Compared with the other strains, the H strain was more insensitive up to the level of 10㎍/ml to the minimal inhibitory concentration of Tetracycline.

새로운 연노출의 효과지표로서의 혈장 δ-aminolevulinic acid 측정의 유용성

이금원,황보영,김용배,리갑수,이성수,장봉기,함정오,안규동,이병국 순천향대학교 산업의학연구소 2001 순천향산업의학 Vol.7 No.1

To evaluate the usefulness of the measurement of plasma δ - aminolevulinic acid (ALAP) as a new effect indicator of lead exposure, the association of ALAP with blood lead, DMSA chelatable lead and bone lead with a special emphasis of genetic interaction of ALAD polymorphism was studied with 419 lead exposed workers and 85 non-lead exposed workers. Lead workers were recruited from storage battery industries, secondary smelting industries and other lead using industries and non-lead workers selected from electronic refrigerator manufacturing industry. Blood lead, DMSA chelatable lead and bone lead were chosen for parameters of lead exposure. Plasma and urinary ALA were selected for the effect parameter of lead intoxication. Information for age, smoking, drinking habit and body mass index were also obtained. Job duration for lead workers was also collected. The overall prevalence of the variant allele, ALAD type 1-2 or 2-2(ALAD2) in lead exposed workers was 10.0% (42 out of 419 lead workers) which was not differed from control workers (9.4% : 8 out of 85). The means blood lead and DMSA chelatable lead of lead workers with ALAD 1(ALAD type 1-1) were lower than those of lead workers with ALAD2, but the differences were not statistically significant. On the other hand, the mean of tibia lead of lead workers with ALADI was higher than that of lead workers with ALAD2, but the difference was not statistically significant. DMSA chelatable lead showed highest correlation with log transformed plasma ALA(LALAP)(r=0.682) and blood lead and tibia lead had r=0.650, r=0,402 correlation coefficient with LALAP respectively On the other hand. log transformed urinary ALA(LALAU) had lower correlation coefficient with all three parameters of lead exposure than LALAP. The equation of robustic simple linear regression of blood lead on LALAP was LALAP=2.0439+0.0165PbB in ALADI lead workers and LALAP=2.031+0.0121PbB in ALAD2 lead workers. ALAD genotype in the multiple regression analysis of blood lead with LALAP after adjusting for possible confounders(sex, ago, BMI, smoking and drinking status and job duration) showed significant main effect on LALAP resulting lower LALAP in ALAD2 lead workers than ALADI lead workers. On the other hand, effect modification of ALAD genotype was observed in the multiple regression analysis of tibia lead with LALAP after adjusting for possible confounders, but there was no significant effect of ALAD genotype in the multiple regression analysis of DMSA chelatable lead with LALAP after covariate adjustment. With above results, plasma ALA was found to be a useful effect parameter of lead exposure compared with urinary ALA. It was also observed that ALAD polymorphism made significant effect on the association of blood and tibia lead with ALAP. Thc lower plasma ALA in ALAD2 lead workers suggested supportive effect of ALAD2 in lead exposure.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

조혈모세포이식환자에서 조혈기능의 회복과 관련된 인자들에 관한 연구

정기주,강명수,권기두,김경하,이상철,김현정,배상병,김찬규,이남수,이규택,원종호,홍대식,박희숙 순천향대학교 의학연구소 2007 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.13 No.1

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B형 만성 활동성 간염 환자에서 Prednisolone 단기이탈 및 Alpha Interferon 병합요법의 효과

이종선,김병호,성자원,허승식,이기천,정현용,이헌영,김영건 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1991 충남의대잡지 Vol.18 No.2

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Pd withdrawal followed by recombinant alpha- Interferon 2b therapy. Nine patients were given a single daily subcutaneous injection of ^α-Interferon at a dose of 3 x 10 exp(6) units/day for first weeks and thrice weekly for next 15 weeks (maintenance) after pd tappered over 6 weeks. To evaluate the efficacy of therapy, we measured serum aminotransferase activities monthly during and after therapy, and also measured serm HBsAg, HBeAg and DNA probe before and after therapy. To evaluate the safety of therapy, all patients checked peripheral blood WBC, Hemoglobin, Platelet, BUN and Creatinine. The results were as follows : 1. In control group, the normalization of s-AST & ALT level, negative seroconversion of DNA probe & HBeAg were observed in 1/12(8%) & 7/10(17%), 0/10(0%) & 0/12(0%) at 6 months later, and maintained response in 1/11(9%) & 1/11(9%), 2/9(22%) & 2/11(18%) until 1 years later. 2. In treatment group, Serum AST and ALT returned to normal in 8/9 & 8/9 cases (89%) after 1 montns Tx. (mean serum AST : 33±8, ALT : 34±12 IU/ml) and maintained to normal response in 5/9(56%) & 6/9 cases(67%)after 6 months Tx. (mean s-AST : 55±43, ALT : 66±84 IU/ml), 3/9(33%) & 4/9 cases(44%) after 1 years Tx. It was statistically significant reponse except s-AST of after 1 years Tx. 3. In treatment group, s- HBeAg returned to normal in 3/9 cases(33%) after 1 months Tx., and maintained to normal response in 1/7 & 1/4 cases among follow up patients in after 6 & 12 months Tx. Serm DNA probe level were observed significantly negative seroconversion in 8/9 cases(89%) after 1 months Tx. (p<0.003), and maintained to negative response in 2/6 & 1/3 cases after 6 & 12 months Tx. 4. Serum AST, ALT, HBeAg and DNA probe were not significantly correlated with therapeutic response in relation to histologic diagnosis. 5. Fever and myalgia were noted in 9(100%) & 6(67%) cases. Headache, mild hair loss, anorexia, nausea, facial flushing & diarrhea were noted in few cases. Peripheral WBC(3cases) & platelet counts(3cases) were decreased transiently. This study shows that Pd withdrawal followed by recombinant alpha Interferon 2b therapy may be safe and effective in decrease the level of s-DNA probe, transaminase activity, loss of HBeAg and less adverse effect of clinical and hematologic examinations in patients with CAH type B. But it was necessary for study with large number of patients, more prolonged follow up duration and more strict control study.

한국에서의 간질의 사회적 낙인

이상암,유희정,허경,박형국,신동진,송홍기,정원영,권오영,이성수,김요식,김성은,이병인 대한간질학회 2002 대한간질학회지 Vol.6 No.2

소켓 용접부 내부 결함 검사용 초음파 자동 검사 장비 개발

이정기,박문호,박기성,이재호,임성진 한국비파괴검사학회 2003 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.1

대구경 배관에서 소구경 배관으로 연결하는 부위 및 배관의 방향 전환을 위해 연결하는 소켓용 접부의 용입 불량 및 사용시간이 경과되면서 내부로부터 진전될 수 있는 균열 검출을 위한 초음파 검사 기법을 확립하였고, 검사를 수행할 수 있는 초음파 탐촉의 개발과 더불어 자동으로 검사할 수 있는 검사 장비와 제어용 운영 프로그램을 개발하였다. 개발된 장비는 컴퓨터를 기반으로 하고 있으며, pulser/receiver를 내장하고 고속 A/D board를 사용하여 초음파 탐상기 역할을 프로그램으로 구현하였으며, ISA interface type으로 4축 제어용 motion controller를 개발하여 자동 검사를 수행하는 scanner를 제어하도록 하였으며, 검사 결과는 소켓용접부 단면을 실시간 영상으로 나타내도록 되어 있다. 개발된 장비는 원자력 발전소나 화학플랜트에 많이 널려 있는 소켓용접부 내의 용입불량, 피로 균열 등을 검출하여 객관적인 검사 결과를 제시할 수 있으므로 설비 안전 관리 및 보수 부위 결정에 기여가 있을 것으로 기대된다.