Ki-67 labeling index as a prognostic marker in advanced stomach cancer

Sang Hyuk Seo,Kwang Hee Kim,Sang Hoon Oh,Yunseon Choi,Ki Jung Ahn,Ji Young Lee,Sang Min Lee,박지선,Woo Gyeong Kim 대한외과학회 2019 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.96 No.1

Purpose: Proliferation marker Ki-67 is widely used in cancer prognosis prediction. We tried to investigate the role of Ki-67 as a prognostic factor in stomach cancer after surgery in this study. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 251 patients who underwent curative resection for gastric cancer from 2010 to 2015. In pathologic examination, Ki-67 labeling index was defined as the percentage of Ki-67 antigen positive cells. Prognostic significance of Ki-67 for gastric cancer was evaluated. Disease-free survival (DFS) was assessed as a primary end-point. Results: The median follow-up period was 28.0 months. Thirty-one patients (12.4%) showed Ki-67 labeling index (LI) lower than 25%. Sixty-eight patients (26.6%) showed recurrence during follow-up period. Recurrence was associated with Ki- 67 LI level (≤25%, P = 0.016), and lymph node metastasis status (P = 0.002). High Ki-67 LI level (>25%) was also related to p53 positivity (P < 0.001) and poorly cohesive type (P = 0.002). The 3-year DFS was 69.4%. Low Ki-67 LI level (≤25%) was related with low DFS (47.6% vs. 72.6%, P = 0.016). T stage (P < 0.001), N stage (P = 0.006), lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.010), and neuronal invasion (P = 0.001) also affected the DFS. In addition, T stage (P = 0.03) and Ki-67 LI (P = 0.035) were independent prognostic factors for DFS. In patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy (n = 239, 93.4%), low Ki-67 (≤25%) was a poor prognostic factor for DFS (P = 0.013). Conclusion: Low Ki-67 LI predicts high rate of progression and low DFS of stomach cancer. Ki-67 LI can be a predictive marker in resected stomach cancer treated with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.

Cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the rat dentate gyrus after intrathecal treatment with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Choi, Jung Hoon,Chung, Jin Young,Yoo, Dae Young,Hwang, In Koo,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Lee, Choong Hyun,Yan, Bing Chun,Ahn, Jin Ok,Youn, Hwa Young,Won, Moo-Ho Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2011 Cellular and molecular neurobiology Vol.31 No.8

<P>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have emerged as a new therapeutic tool for a number of clinical applications, because they have multipotency and paracrine effects via various factors. In the present study, we investigated the effects of adipose-derived MSC (Ad-MSC) transplantation via intrathecal injection through the cisterna magna on cell proliferation and differentiation of endogenous stem cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) using Ki-67 (a marker for proliferating cells), and doublecortin (DCX, a marker for neuroblasts). The transplanted Ad-MSC were detected in the meninges, not in the hippocampal parenchyma. However, the number of Ki-67-immunoreactive cells was significantly increased by 83% in the DG 2 days after single Ad-MSC injection, and by 67% at 23 days after repeated Ad-MSC treatment compared with that in the vehicle-treated group after Ad-MSC transplantation. On the other hand, the number of DCX-immunoreactive cells in the DG was not changed at 2 days after single Ad-MSC injection; however, it was significantly increased by 62% 9 days after single Ad-MSC injection. At 23 days after repeated Ad-MSC application, the number of DCX-immunoreactive cells was much more increased (223% of the vehicle-treated group). At this time point, DCX protein levels were also significantly increased compared with those in the vehicle-treated group. These results suggest that the intrathecal injection of Ad-MSC could enhance endogenous cell proliferation, and the repeated Ad-MSC injection could be more efficient for an enhancement of endogenous cell proliferation and differentiation in the brain.</P>

연작업자들에서의 δ -aminolevulinic acid dehydratase 유전형질의 다형성이 신기능에 미치는 영향

안익수,황보영,김용배,리갑수,이성수,장봉기,함정오,안규동,이병국 순천향대학교 산업의학연구소 2001 순천향산업의학 Vol.7 No.1

δ-aminolevulinic acid hehydratase (ALAD) is a polymorphic enzyme that has two alleles, ALAD1 (ALAD1-1 as phenotype) and ALAD2 (ALAD1-2 or ALAD2-2 as phenotype). ALAD genotype has been reported to modify the toxicokinetics of lead. To investigate the influence of ALAD genotype polymorphism on renal function in lead workers, author studied 1022 male lead workers and 149 non lead workers in the same industries. For the cross-sectional renal function indices, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, uric acid and total protein were selected. Blood lead and blood zinc protoporphyrin were also measured as indices of lead exposure. Information on weight, age, job duration, smoking & drinking history were collected. Following results are as follows: 1. Whereas the mean (standard deviation) of blood lead and blood ZPP of lead workers were 27.2±12.5 ㎍/㎗ and 57.7±37.8 ㎍/㎗, those of non-lead workers in the same premises were 14.9±6.5 ㎍/㎗ and 44.6± 15.8 ㎍/㎗ respectively. The difference of mean blood lead and blood ZPP between two groups were statistically significant. 2. Whereas the prevalence of the variant allele, ALAD2 in 1022 lead workers was 10.2 %, the prevalence of that in 149 non-lead workers was 7.4 %. But there was no difference of prevalence between two groups. 3. The mean±standard deviation of blood lead of subjects with ALAD1 was 25.5± 12.7 ㎍/㎗ and was slightly lower than that of subjects with ALAD2 (26.5±10.9 ㎍/㎗), and the mean±standard deviation of blood ZPP of subjects with ALAD1 was slightly higher than that of subjects with ALAD2 (56.7±37.3 ㎍/㎗ vs 48.9±18.6 ㎍/㎗). But the differences of blood lead and blood ZPP between two genotypes were not statistically significant. 4. There were no differences of cross-sectional renal function indices (BUN, serum creatinine, uric acid and total protein) either by lead workers and non-lead workers or two genotypes. 5. In multiple regression analysis of ALAD genotype on BUN after controlling for possible confounders (sex, weight, job duration, smoking and drinking status), the mean of BUN in ALAD2 subjects was 0.629 ㎎/㎗ lower than ALAD1 subjects with a weak statistical significance (p=0.07). But in logistic analysis of ALAD genotype on median value of BUN revcaled that subjects of ALAD2 genotype were 32% less likely to have median value or more of BUN than subjects of ALAD1 with odd ratio of 0.618 (95% confidence interval 0.411-0.920). 6. In multiple regression analysis of ALAD genotype on serum creatinine after controlling for possible confounders (sex, weight, job duration, smoking and drinking status), the mean of serum creatinine in ALAD2 subjects was 0.0271 ㎎/㎗ lower than ALAD1 subjects with statistical significance (p=0.02). On the other hand, in logistic analysis of ALAD genotype on median value of serum creatinine revealed that subjects of ALAD2 genotype were 30% less likely to have median value or more of scrum creatinine than subjects of ALAD1 with odd ratio of 0.700 (95% confidence interval 0.442-1.080). With the above results, it was found that the variant allcle, ALAD2 appeared to modify the association of lead and renal function and ALAD2 genotype may be supportive for the protective effect of lead.

Nuss 방법에 의한 소아 오목가슴 수술 후 정맥 통증자가조절법을 사용한 Fentanyl 과 Fentanyl-Ketorolac의 진통효과 비교

안기량,서은정,김천숙,강규식,유시현,정진헌,정지원 순천향의학연구소 2006 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.12 No.2

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영어 통제구문에 관한 연구

안종기,서정민 대불대학교 2001 論文集 Vol.7 No.1

The aim of this paper is to discuss the control construction like(1a, b, c) to explain the unexpressed subject of VP[inf]. In traditional framework it depended on Equi-NP deletion or minimal distance principle. In GB, chomsky(1980, 1981) suggested PRO to explain the unexpressed subject of VP[inf]. Manzini(1983) and Kim(1989) revised Chomsky's theory. But none of them can satisfy us to explain the unexpressed subject of Vp[inf]. I solved these problems by using the control theory of HPSG. The unexpressed subject of VP[inf] is token-identical to the INFLUENCED, COMMITTOR, or EXPERIENCER in the psoa, according as the control relation is of influence, commitment, or orientation, resperctively. That is, in(1c) the unexpressed subject of BP [inf] is token-identical to the INFLUENCED(mary), in (1d) the unexpressed subject to VP[inf] is token-identical to COMMITTOR(I) and in (1e) the unexpressed subject of VP[inf] is token-identical to EXPERIENCER(I). Furthermore I applied the control theory of HPSG to VP[inf] within noun phrases.

부분 치수절단술을 이용한 복잡 치관파절의 치료 : 증례보고

안병덕,김영재,장기택,이상훈,김종철,한세현,김정욱 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

혼합 치열기 및 초기 영구치열기의 소아,청소년에서 외상에 의한 치관 파절은 빈번하게 발생한다. 치관파절은 치수의 노출 유무에 따라 단순 치관파절,복잡 치관파절로 분류된다. 치수가 노출된 복잡 치관파절의 경우 치수에 대한 고려 및 처치가 필수적인데,초기 영구치열기에는 전치부 치근의 발육이 완전히 이루어지지 않았기 때문에 완성된 치근을 가지는 치아보다 치료가 복잡하다. 치료의 목적은 적절한 치수 치료를 통해 치근의 완성을 도모하는 것으로 이를 위해 직접 치수복조술,부분 치수절단술,치경부 치수절단술의 방법을 이용한다. 이 중 부분 치수절단술은 성공률도 높으며 치경부 치수를 보존하기 때문에 여러 장점을 지니는 치료방법이다. 복잡 치관파절을 주소로 내원한 환자에서 부분 치수절단술을 시행하여 양호한 결과를 나타내어 이를 보고하는 바이다. Traumatic crown fracture in mixed dentition or early permanent dentition is relatively common. Crown fracture is classified into simple or complicated crown fracture by the presence of pulp exposure. The condition of pulp must be considered in treatment of crown fractures with pulp exposure. Treatment of immature crown-fractured incisor with pulp exposure is more complex because of its incomplete root formation. Pulp capping, partial pulpotomy, cervical pulpotomy can be used for continuous root development in immature crown-fractured incisor with pulp exposure. The success rate of partial pulpotomy is very high and there are several advantages of partial pulpotomy because the cell-rich coronal pulp tissue is preserved. This paper reports 2 cases of crown-fractured permanent incisors with pulp exposure that had been treated by partial pulpotomy successfully.

이용고객에 의한 농산물 도매법인의 평가 : 광주지역 농산물 도매시장의 출하자 및 중도매인을 중심으로 With special emphasis on the producers and intermediary wholesalers of public agricultural products wholesale martek in Gwangju area

안상돈,기회성,김정주 建國大學校 自然科學硏究所 2004 建國自然科學硏究誌 Vol.15 No.-

Since the economic system of capitalism is a society established on the basis of efficiency and competition, the class of people either inefficient or falling behind in competition will gradually weed out. Such principles of the market economy will apply, without exception, to the basic nucleus of the distribution system of the agricultural products, and it is evident that the agricultural products wholesale market companies being managed comparatively inefficiently run the risk of weeding out by themselves. At this point of time when the distribution system of agricultural products becomes diversified and large-sized, and differentiated, the relatively inefficients elements of the agricultural products wholesale market companies may most probably endanger the wholesale market companies, the nucleus of the agricultural products distribution system. The producers and intermediary wholesalers being the main customers of the wholesale market companies, the problems resulting from the conflicts of interest between them are very difficult to compromise and it takes a great deal of efforts and time to satisfy the needs of the producers and the intermediary wholesalers. Nevertheless, it is the hard realities that amid such difficulties, the agricultural products wholesale market companies can not neglect to meet the desires of their main customers, the producers and intermediary wholesalers. Since, however, the wholesale market companies are business entities themselves, it is also evident that they will eventually weed out, if they go against the trend of the times wherein all business entities should pursue "customer emotion" beyond "customer satisfaction". It would, therefore, be very opportune to gauge how the producers and intermediary wholesalers, the two main customers of the wholesale market companies evaluate the use of the wholesale market companies, and how satisfied they are with the services offered by the wholesale market companies. At the same time, such research seems to provide the useful basic materials to establish the survival strategies of the wholesale market companies. The examination of the evaluation, by the producers and intermediary wholesalers, the two main customers of the wholesale market companies, of the use of the wholesale market companies shows that both the producers and the intermediary wholesalers have favorably evaluated the items on (1) improvement of the order of business transactions, (2) rationalization of the level of the market rates such as the commission for sale on consignment, loading and unloading charges and bounties (3) impartiality of auctions, (4) level of satisfaction with reliability and diversity of the information of business transactions, (5) efforts of the employees of the wholesale market companies for collection and sales of the goods and (6) level of satisfaction with the services offered by the employees of the wholesale market companies to main customers. At the same time, when asked whether the use of the wholesale market companies improved their business revenues, the producers (25.0%) and intermediary wholesalers (30.0%) evaluated negatively. Such negative results may very likely lead to threatening factors hampering the growth and development of the wholesale market companies. The above negative results may be even more conspicuous especially under the circumstances where the agricultural products distribution system gets diverse and large-sized and differentiated through revitalization of direct transactions between the producers and large-scale discount marts and the competitions among the companies engaged in the same category of industry are very keen. From the viewpoint of the survival strategy of the wholesale market companies, approaches should be so made as the efforts to improve on the earnings of the producers and wholesale market companies may precede. In the evaluation of the payment methods, most of the producers (90.0%) were affirmative, while intermediary wholesalers were negative (35.0%). However, in consideration of the characteristics of the wholesale market companies having the producers and intermediary wholesalers as their customers, it seems that the methods and procedures for the payments should be improved by all means. In particular, if the wholesale market companies should approach this matter from WIN-WIN strategy, it seems that this matter might be resolved more easily. The changes in the environments faced in management activities of enterprises are quickening and at the same time, the growth or weeding out of enterprises is also quickly determined. Amid such changes, the gauging and satisfying of enterprise desires as the survival strategy must be definitely an extremely important element. The wholesale market company being an business entity itself, should be keen to such changes, and needs to make strategic approaches to its customers, if it does not want to weed out amid such changes.

주정중독 입원환자의 다이설피람요법에 관한 예비연구

안정숙,강봉선,신정호,박기창 大韓神經精神醫學會 1989 신경정신의학 Vol.28 No.3

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of disulfiram on Korean alcoholics, and to evaluate the clinical applicability of disulfiram therapy as an aversive conditioning technique. In twelve alcoholic inpatients, the alcohol challenge test was carried out after loading 500mg/day of disulfiram for 7 days. During the alcohol challenge test, blood was sampled twice, before alcohol ingestion and at the maximal disulfiram-acetaldehyde reaction. Blood-alcohol concentration was measured by enzymatic analysis technique. The severity of aversive reaction was scaled subjectively by the patient. The results are as follows : 1) Side effects of disulfiram were mild and could be considered mostly manifestations of mental or physical predisposition of the alcoholic patient, and disappeared after reducing the dosage. 2) The severity of disulfiram-acetaldehyde reaction was negatively correlated to body weight under given loading dose of disulfiram and given challenging dose of alcohol. 3) Most of the disulfiram-acetaldehyde reaction was self-limited within 2 hours leaving no sequela. 4) Blood-alcohol concentration at the maximal aversive reaction was average 25.3mg/dl(range 21-49mg/dl), and not related to the subjective ratings of the aversive reaction. 5) On the telephone follow-up interview with spouses of the patients, 11 patients were identified, 8 of them(74%) had been abstinent for 3-16 months with only 5 patients on disulfriam maintenance. The other 3 patients had been abstinent for 6-15 months without disulfiram maintenance and regular follow-up after discharge. 6) Therapeutic success of abstinence was significantly correlated with the severity of aversive reaction in alcohol challenge test(p<0.1), but not with the total number of test(p>.05). From this study, we may conclude that disulfiram therapy under medical supervision is not so dangerous as we have concerned and we would suggest that the disulfiram therapy is applicable as an aversive conditioning technique.

자외선/과산화수소 고도산화공정에 의한 하수 2차 처리수 중의 용존유기물 분해에 미치는 부유물질과 과산화수소 농도의 영향

안규홍,이석헌,안석,김기팔,정민우,맹승규 대한상하수도학회 2002 상하수도학회지 Vol.16 No.3

Secondary effluent of activated sludge process was treated by UV/H_2O_2 advanced oxidation process to investigate the effect of suspended matter and H_2O_2 concentration. With low dosage of UV radiation, the concentration of the dissolved organic compounds measured as DOC could be increased with and without hydrogen peroxide. It was suggested that the cause of DOC increase in treated samples was the decomposition of suspended microbial particles and the incomplete oxidation of dissolved organic compounds. The removal of suspended solid significantly enhanced the degradation of DOC in both UV and catalyzed UV oxidation. Color and odor of secondary effluent was effectively removed. Turbidity was decreased by oxidation and the particle size distribution was shifted to lower range. With increased H_2O_2 dosage (30∼120mg/l), the removal of DOC was enhanced. To obtain the required quality meeting the regulated level for water reuse, additional treatment for turbidity rejection was required.

하수 2차 처리수 재이용을 위한 저압 및 중압 고도산화시스템의 성능평가

안규홍,안석,맹승규,김기팔,홍준석,정민우,권지향,Ahmed, Zubair 대한상하수도학회 2003 상하수도학회지 Vol.17 No.4

In the present study, the feasibility of UV/H₂O₂ systems was investigated using low and medium-pres sure lamps on biologically treated wastewater effluents for secondary effluent reclamation. Two types of UV lamps were used as the light sources (a 33W lowpressure mercury lamp and a 350-W mediumpressure mercury lamp). The results from these UV systems showed that the removal of organic compounds could be achieved in the contact time of longer than 30min (i.e., low UV doses). Efficiencies of color removal and disinfection were far better than those of organic matters measured as TOC, DOC and TCOD_(cr). In the low pressure lamp UV system, it has been found that DOC and color removals were 60.9 and 86.2% with 50㎎/L of H₂O₂ and contact times of 30 minute, respectively. Whereas, with the mediumpressure lamp UV system, TOC, DOC and color removal were 27.1, 5.6 and 95% with 14.3㎎/L of H₂O₂ and 14 minute of contact times, respectively. Both systems could be applied for the reclamation of secondary effluent treated with biological treatment processes.