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( Hee Jun Cho ),( Byung Moo Oh ),( Jong-tae Kim ),( Jeewon Lim ),( Sang Yoon Park ),( Yo Sep Hwang ),( Kyoung Eun Baek ),( Bo-yeon Kim ),( Inpyo Choi ),( Hee Gu Lee ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.2
Interleukin-21 is a common γ-chain cytokine that controls the immune responses of B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells. Targeting IL-21 to strengthen the immune system is promising for the development of vaccines as well as anti-infection and anti-tumor therapies. However, the practical application of IL-21 is limited by the high production cost. In this study, we improved IL-21 production by codon optimization and selection of appropriate signal peptide in CHO-K1 cells. Codon-optimized or non-optimized human IL-21 was stably transfected into CHO-K1 cells. IL-21 expression was 10-fold higher for codon-optimized than non-optimized IL-21. We fused five different signal peptides to codon-optimized mature IL-21 and evaluated their effect on IL-21 production. The best result (a 3-fold increase) was obtained using a signal peptide derived from human azurocidin. Furthermore, codon-optimized IL-21 containing the azurocidin signal peptide promoted IFN-γ secretion and STAT3 phosphorylation in NK-92 cells similar to codon-optimized IL-21 containing original signal peptide. Collectively, these results indicate that codon optimization and azurocidin signal peptides provide an efficient approach for the high-level production of IL-21 as a biopharmaceutical.
서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)
김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2
Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.
서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)
김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1
In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.
조태현,송준혁,김명현,박향권,김성학,신규만,박동빈 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 2000 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.23 No.3
Objectives : Lumbar disc herniations at the L1-L2, L2-L3, and L3-L4 level are rare. The purpose of this study is to observe the variable clinical finding of upper lumbar disc herniations and to provide proper treatment modality. Patients and Methods : Between 1998 Jan. and 1999 Dec., seventeen patients with upper lumbar disc herniations who were undergone surgery in our institute were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were evaluated based on following factors : age, sex, aggravating factor, symptoms and signs type of disc herniation, type of surgery, and outcome of post-surgery. Results : The incidence of lumbar disc herniation at the level of L1-2, L2-3 and L3-4 is 6.1% with declining frequency as the level ascends. The peak age incidence is 6th decade in both sex. Preoperative symptomes and signs are variabe. In sixteen cases, posterior approach was done. In these cases, twelve cases were performed microscopic partial hemilaminectomy, and four cases with spinal stenosis were performed total laminectomy and posterior screw fixation with bone fusion. In one case, lateral extracavitary approach was done. In results of operation, fourteen cases showed more than good grade(82%). Conclusion : The age incidence of lumbar disc herniations at the level of L1-2, L2-3 and L3-4 older than lumbar disc herniations at the lower level of L4-5 and L5-S1. The signs and symptoms are variable. In our cases, most of the patients were performed posterior approach with microscopic partial hemilaminectomy except the patients combined spinal stenosis. One case was performed a lateral extracavitary approach because the risk of the cord and cauda equina injuries. The prognosis of upper lumbar disc herniations after treatment with only microscopic partial hemilaminectomy and diskectomy is comparable with the prognosis of lumbar disc herniations at the lower level.
응급실 방문 환자의 입원의 적절성에 영향을 미치는 요인
조홍준,이상일 한국의료QA학회 1995 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.2 No.1
Background: This paper describes an effort to provide baseline informations for appropriate utilization of emergency room in a terliary hospital. Methods: Authors have evaluated that the admissions in the emergency room were medically necessary by objective criteria, Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol(AEP), for one month in a tertiary hospital. Data were analysed by chi-square test and multiple logistic regression to exmaine statistical significances at the level of 0.05 Results: The prevalence of inappropriate decisions for admission was found to be 47.8%(154/322). Whether the physician decided the patient to admit or not was affected by type of services, number of departments involved, patients medical condition, route of visit, and a day of the week visited. Level of appropriateness of admission is significantly related to patients age, type of services, and a day of the week visited. Conclusion: We found that substantial proportion of admissions through emergency room are medically unnecessary and that non-medical factors are related to physician's for admission decisions and level of appropriateness of admission. This suggests that policy measures be required to relieve the overcrowding problem and to reduce non-emergent utilization of emergency room in a tertiary hospital.
전성재,조연상,김동호,박흥식 한국공작기계학회 2002 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.11 No.1
It is known that fractal theory has recently been used as a useful in the characterization of surface texture and the understanding of tribological phenomena such as friction, wear and lubrication. The fractal-based method for describing the rubbed surface texture has roused great interest. In this paper, the fractal descriptors was applied to rubbed surface of hydraulic driving material with image processing system in order to describe morphology of the rubbed surface. The results showed that the fractal dimension can be determined by sum of intensity difference of surface pixel. The two step size to get fractal dimension is similar to surface roughness Ra. Fractal dimensions of the rubbed surfaces increase with an increase of applied load. Morphology of the rubbed surface driving in lubricant can be effectively obtained by fractal dimensions.
질소-프로판-암모니아 가스분위기에서 침탄질화시 공기첨가량이 침탄질화특성에 미치는 영향
조효석,이준범,노용식,이상윤 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1993 硏究報告 Vol.17 No.1
This study has been performed to find out some effects of air and ammonia addition to a given quantity of nitrogen and propane gas mixture on the carbonitriding characteristics of low carbon steel after carbonitriding for one hour and two hours at 870℃. Carbon potential analysis has shown that the carbon potential decreases with increasing air addition at a given amount of ammonia and also with increasing ammonia addition at a given amount of air. Microscopical observation has revealed that the depth of internal oxidation increases with increasing air addition to a given gas atmosphere and the formation of surface abnormal layer considerably occurs in the gas mixture of more than 2.5% ammonia addition. If has been found by hardness measurements that the effective case depth increases with increasing air addition to a given gas mixture, whereas in more or less decreases with ammonia addition.
조남준,황성일 국민대학교 생산기술연구소 2002 공학기술논문집 Vol.25 No.-
In this study, caissons for accelerating consolidation with many filtering-drains on their back sides, for the purpose of inducing lateral dissipation of excess pore water pressure caused by new backfill, have been proposed. And to analyze the effect of accelerating consolidation by using proposed caissons, the analytical solution for two-dimensional consolidation equation is derived. In an isotropic clay, this study shows consolidation times at ξ = 0.1 to reach the average degrees of consolidation of 50% and 90% when using caissons with drains are taken about 7 and 3.5 times less than those when using the conventional caissons, respectively.