성인의 급성 설사에 대한 로페라미드 옥사이드의 효과: 위약과의 무작위 이중 맹검 비교 다시설 시험

박영태,정희진,박중원,이계희,김나영,임선희,윤병철,한동수,이오영 大韓消化器病學會 1998 大韓消化器病學會誌 Vol.31 No.5

All-carbon-based cathode for a true high-energy-density Li-O₂ battery

Lim, Hee-Dae,Yun, Young Soo,Cho, Se Youn,Park, Kyu-Young,Song, Min Yeong,Jin, Hyoung-Joon,Kang, Kisuk Elsevier 2017 Carbon Vol.114 No.-

<P>Li-O-2 batteries have a high theoretical energy density; however, their current cathode system based on a heavy metal framework strikingly diminishes their real energy density. Herein, we report the fabrication of all-carbon-based cathodes composed of conventional active carbon and a carbon mesh (CM) framework produced from waste silk fabric by simple pyrolysis. CM frameworks show a high electrical conductivity of similar to 150 S cm(-1), good tensile strength of 34.1 +/- 5.2 MPa, and a Young's modulus of 4.03 +/- 0.7 GPa, as well as a well-ventilated ordered macroporous structure. These all-carbon-based cathodes exhibit stable cycling and high energy densities of similar to 2600 Wh kg(-1) based on total electrode weight, which are 4-15 times higher than those of conventional air cathodes. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Optimizing the Hospital Blood Bank Stock in Korea: A Comparative Analysis of the Uniform 5-Day Stock Index and a Novel Blood Stock Index

Park Seo-Jin,Lim Young Ae,Kim Kyung-Hee 대한진단검사의학회 2024 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.44 No.3

Background: Maintaining optimal blood inventory levels in hospitals is important to prevent blood shortage and wastage. We aimed to provide an efficient blood inventory management strategy for hospital blood banks nation-wide by comparing the current use of 5-day issuable stock (IS) with Lim’s IS as a novel target IS. Methods: The average and CV of daily usage (DU) were calculated from information entered into Korea’s Blood Management System by 194 participating hospitals in 2019 and 2020. Using these data, Lim’s IS was calculated by determining the simulated annual average blood shortage day nearest to 1 for each blood group in each hospital. The 5-day IS (5IS) was estimated by multiplying the average DU in 2018 by five to count the shortage days in 2019. Results: The average DU (0.3–231.3 units) and corresponding CV (0.33–7.14) in the participating hospitals were inversely proportional (r=–0.699 to –0.695). The hypothetical averages of 5IS and Lim’s IS were 27.0±41.2 and 24.7±20.8, respectively (P=0.006). The shortage days for 5IS and Lim’s IS were 8.9±22.7 and 1.0±1.9, respectively (P<0.001). Conclusions: While 5IS was unacceptable for universal application, Lim’s IS remained near one shortage day and is considered more efficient than 5IS. Hospitals should implement indicators that consider DU and its variations. This is the first study to introduce Lim’s IS as an indicator of optimal blood inventory, and the data are expected to provide guidance for effective blood inventory management nationwide, particularly during blood shortages.

말초혈액에서 Tg mRNA에 대한 역전사 중합효소 연쇄 반응법의 갑상선 재발암의 분자생물학적 진단

권성일,박기룡,김현영,신채희,임영찬,최영식,박요한,이강대,장희경,이재화,염하용 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.4

연구배경: 갑상선암은 다른 조직에 발생한 암에 비해 비교적 천천히 자라므로 대부분 예후가 양호하지만, 일부에서는 주위 조직으로 침윤하거나 혹은 원격 전이로 인하여 치명적인 결과를 초래할 수 있다. 갑상선전절제술 및 131^I 제거술 후 경과 관찰시 갑상선암의 재발과 전이의 진단에 있어 131^I 스캔과 혈청 Tg의 측정이 현재 임상에서 가장 많이 이용되고 있으나 이 방법에는 여러 가지의 결점이 있다. 최근 Tg mRNA에 대한 RT-PCR법을 이용한 여러 연구결과는 131^I 스캔과 혈청 Tg 측정의 결점을 보완할 수 있는 좋은 보조적인 진단법으로 이용할 수 있을 가능성을 제시하였다. 이에 말초혈액에서 측정한 Tg mRNA에 대한 RT-PCR법이 갑상선 절제술 및 방사성요드 치료 후 갑상선암의 재발 및 전이 유무의 진단에 유용한가를 알아보고자 이 연구 시행하였다. 방법: 분화된 갑상선암으로 진단된 후 갑상선전절제술을 시행받고 방사성요드 치료를 받은 환자 중 현재까지 한차례에 이상 추적 방사성요드 전신 스캔을 시행하고 추적관찰이 가능했던 유두선암 35예, 여포선암 5예를 대상으로 연구를 시행하였다. 대상군은 131^I 스캔 소견상 음성인 군(Group Ⅰ), 잔여조직이 있는 군(Group Ⅱ), 국소전이가 있는 군(Group Ⅲ), 및 원격전이 군(Group Ⅳ)으로 구분하였다. 정상 대조군은 갑상선질환이 없는 10예의 건강인으로 하였다. 대상환자의 말초혈액을 이용한 Tg mRNA에 대해 특이적인 primer를 이용하여 RT-PCR 및 nested RT-PCR을 시행하였다. 결과: 본 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 131^I 스캔 소견상 음성인 군 21예 중 1예에서 Tg가 양성소견을 보였다. Anti Tg Ab가 양성인 4예 모두 Tg가 음성을 보였다. 잔여조직이 있거나 국소전이 및 원격전이를 보인 군 19예 중 Tg가 양성인 경우는 4예였으나, Tg mRNA는 전예에서 양성이었다. 2) 131^I 스캔에서 국소 및 원격전이 소견을 보인 8예 중 4예에서 Tg가 음성으로 131^I 스캔과 혈청 Tg 사이에 불일치 소견을 보였다. 3) 말초혈액에서 특이적인 primer를 이용하여 RT-PCR 및 nested RT-PCR을 시행한 결과 대상군 40예 및 정상 대조군 10예 모두에서 Tg mRNA가 양성을 보였다. 결론: 본 연구에서 갑상선 절제술 및 방사성요드 치료 후 갑상선암의 재발 및 전이 유무를 평가함에 있어 역전사 중합효소 연쇄 반응법을 이용한 Tg mRNA 측정의 의의는 재평가되어야 한다고 생각된다. Background: Differentiated thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. Despite advances in the treatment of thyroid cancer, disease recurrence and metastasis may occur in as many as 20% of patients, and so continues to pose major problems in its clinical management. Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) measurements, by immunoassay, are used to detect residual or recurrent thyroid cancer following thyriod ablation. However, the usefulness of immunoassay is limited by both the requirement for thyroid hormone withdrawal, to attain optimal test sensitivity, and interference by the antithyroglobulin antibody (Anti-Tg Ab). Recent studies have reported the clinical usefulness of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection of Tg mRNA in the peripheral blood of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinomas. We performed this study to evaluated the usefulness RT-PCR of Tg mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with thyroid carcinoma following a total thyroidectomy and radioiodine ablation therapy. Methods: Forty cases that underwent a total thyroidectomy and radioiodine ablation therapy were included in this study. Of the 40 patients, 35 were papillary carcinomas and 5 were follicular carcinomas. Ten normal control subjects were also studied. Tg mRNA was extracted. Then RT-PCR and nested RT-PCR, were run with specific Tg primers. Concurrently, DNA sequencing of the isolates was carried out to prove the isolates were identical to the nucleotide sequence of the Tg. Results: The Tg was detected in 4 of 19 patients, with either a residual thyroid bed, or metastasis, on a 131^I whole body scan and in 1 of 21 patients with a negative radioiodine scan. Surprisingly, the Tg mRNA was detected in all the patients and normal controls. Conclusion: From our results we can not recommend Tg mRNA, detected by RT-PCR in peripheral blood, as a tumor marker superior to that of the Tg serum level. We consider an intensive re-evaluation of the method is required before considering its clinical applications (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 17:501∼513, 2002).

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

대전대학교 기숙사 식당의 급식만족도 조사

임영희,김미원,곽현옥,박상현 대전대학교 생활과학연구소 2002 생활과학연구 Vol.8 No.-

This study aimed at examining the foodservice satisfaction on dormitory restaurant by gender, age, college. The subjects of the study were 236 students living in the dormitory of Daejeon University. The survey was conducted between June 4 to June 12, 2002. The data was collected by survey and- was analyzed by SPSS package. The evaluation of the foodservice satisfaction by gender, showed that answers of the most students were below average. Generally, male students were more satisfied than females. The evaluation of the foodservice satisfaction by age, showed that younger students were more disatisfied than older students. The results suggest that food preference of subjects should be considered in meal planning and various cooking method should be utilized to enhance taste of foods for better foodservice. The management of the foodservice will be made efforts to improve the quality of foodservice on the basis of these results.

오징어 먹물 첨가량에 따른 먹물떡의 기호도 및 품질 특성

임영희,김미원,김애정,김명희 동아시아식생활학회 1999 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.9 No.4

To make rice cake with squid ink, the squid ink dilulted in fifteen times was added to rice flour in the ratio of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% respectively. Then, the squid inky rice cake was tested in physical function and chromaticity, Rheometer test was also included in this experiment. In physical function test, it showed that the inky rice cake with 6% and 8% ratio was the best in preference. In the chromaticity test, as the adding ratio of squid ink increases, the brightness decreased. The red and yellow brightness of 8% inky rice cake showed high. The results of rheometer test are as follows. In hardness, the inky rice cake with 2% adding ratio was high and the 6% inky rice cake was low. In cohesiveness, the 0% inky rice cake was high and the 8% inky rice cake was low. In gumminess, the 2% inky rice cake was high and the 6% inky rice cake was low. In brittleness, the 2% inky rice cake was high and the 6% inky rice cake was low. With correlation analysis, I could reach the following. The overall quality of inky rice cake was correlated with all test items except chewiness, The moistness was correlated with flavor, grain and chewiness. Also, the 8% inky rice cake was correlated with the inky rice cakes with the other adding ratios in all aspects of test. Futhermore, in the results of rheometer test, the hardness was correlated with the other three kinds of characteristics.

각종 전분의 이화학적 특성 및 가공식품의 이용에 관한 고찰 : 국내 학회지를 중심으로

임영희,김미원 대전대학교 생활과학연구소 2000 생활과학연구 Vol.6 No.-

Literatures about starches have been published on the journal of association from 1970th to 2000. Study of acorn starch studied steadly from 1970th and trend of these studies was mainly about physio-chemical nature, physical characteristics, molecular structure and functional characteristics. Studies of corn starch are total 12 articles and was started from 1980th. Cowpea starch and mung bean starch were studied comparatively and studied mostly about physio-chemical characteristics and reology. Studies of chestnut starch started since 1990th and chestnut starch is expected to large amount of consumption due to possibility of being made to chestnut jelly. In addition, there are 8 articles about bean starch from 1980th, and studies about rice starch were studied simultaneously. Reserches for potato and sweet potato starch were also carried out, and potato starch was studied about gelatinization and starch jelly, and studies of sweet potato was mostly about physio-chemical characteristics. And Studies of sweet potato were started at 2000. The other studies of starch were about barley starches, yam starch, buckwheat starch, starch, and arrowroot starch.

식용 유지류의 연구에 관한 문헌 고찰 : 국내 학회지를 중심으로

임영희,김미원 대전대학교 생활과학연구소 1998 생활과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

Based on the yearly research trends of edible oil and fat, a study on acidification degree and oxidation stability of an anti-oxidizer has been progressed since 1970's and a study on composition of T.G and fatty acid was prosperous in 1980's and has been progressing until 1990' s. A study on replacement for oil and fat, hardened oil, and mixed oil has been progressed actively from the beginning of 1990's, because a development of processing technology for edible oil and fat, a development of specific replacement for oil and fat, and an application of a natural anti-oxidizer became imminent. An applicable technology of the natural anti-oxidizer is imminent as the price of the natural anti-oxidizer is usually higher than that of synthetic anti-oxidizer and the natural anti-oxidizer also has lower efficiency. A study on flavor stability has progressed actively in 1990's and a study on metabolism and nutrition of fat, and production and quality of edible oil has been progressing since 1980' s steadily. According to the yearly reserch frequency of the main edible oil and fat, the research has been made in the order of frequency of soybean oil, perilla oil sesame oil, corn oil, rice bran oil and palm oil. Especially, a research on soybean reserch has been made in the order of frequency of soybean oil, perilla oil sesame oil. corn oil, rice bran oil and palm oil. Especially. a research on soybean oil has started from 1970's and a reserch on perilla oil and sesame oil has been established since 1980' s steadily. Besides, as development of replacement for edible oil became imminent, wheat germ oil, lineseed oil, camellia oil, garlic seasoning oil, and etc have been reserched and developed.

STS에 대한 고등학생들의 견해에 관한 평가도구 개발

임재항,강순민,공영태,최병순,남정희 한국과학교육학회 2004 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.24 No.6

이 연구의 목적은 STS에 대해서 우리 나라 고등학생들이 가지는 견해를 알아보기 위한 평가도구인 HS-VOSTS(Korean students' views on STS)를 개발하는 것이다. HS-VOSIS문항을 개발하기 위해서 다음과 같은 연구과 정을 수행하였다. 우선, 문헌과 선행 연구 고찰을 통해 4가지 범주의 10가지 하위 범주와 관련하여 23개의 논제를 포함하는 STS 범주 체계를 설정하였다. STS 범주 체계는 정의ㆍ과학의 외적 사회학ㆍ과학의 내적 사회학ㆍ인식론의 네 가지의 커다란 범주로 구성되어 있다. 다음은 91f 범주 체계를 기초로 4단계에 걸쳐 문항을 개발하였다. 1단계에서는 각 논제에 대한 짝진술문을 기초로 학생진술 문항지를 작성하여 772명의 고등학생들(16.3세)에게 투입하였다. 2단계에서는 짝진술문 중 하나를 제거하여 문항의 진술문으로 하고, 분류된 공통견해를 답지로 하여 1차 다지선다형 문항지를 구성하였다 3단계에서는 고등학생 28명(16.5세)을 대상으로 반구조화 면담을 실시하여 그 결과 분석을 통해 2차 다지선다형 문항지를 구성하였다. 4단계에서는 2차 다지선다형 문항지를 고등학생 306명에게 적용하여 낮은 반응비율을 보인 답지들을 제거하여 최종 검사도구를 완성하였다. HS-VOSTS는 학생들의 STS에 대한 신념 및 견해를 알아볼 수 있는 유용한 도구로서, 그 결과는 교사뿐만 아니라 교육과정 개발자, 교과서 저자, 교육정책 입안자들에게 많은 시사점을 줄 수 있을 것이라 생각한다. The purpose of this study was to develop HS-VOSTS(High School Students' Views On Science-Technology-Society), which is an instrument that monitors high school students' views on STS. For this study, 23 multiple-choice items were developed on four categories. First, a categorial scheme was constructed. The categorial scheme was based on many instruments that evaluate students' understanding on STS, literature review, and STS learning goal that many researchers had asserted. Second, the multiple-choice items were developed. The development of the items was carried out through four steps. In the first step, some pairs of statement on each subordinate category were formed. Next, the student statement questionaries which were based on the pairs of statement were responded by 772 students. In the second step, the response written by the students were analyzed to common viewpoints and the first multiple-choice items were constructed. In the third step, the semistructured interview with 28 high school students was implemented and the second multiple-choice items were constructed. In the fourth step, the final version of the instrument was developed through the analysis of the students' response on the second multiple-choice items. HS-VOSTS is an useful instrument for monitoring students' beliefs and viewpoints on STS topics. The results of the students' responses to HS-VOSTS items reflect the students' own thoughts directly. These results will give some implications for the curriculum developers, the authors of text books and the educational policy makers as well as the teachers.