유아의 성별, 연령에 따른 체력 특성

전영남,양점홍,김수진,이성민 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 2005 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.21 No.2

The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of young children's fitness development in accordance with gheir gender and age, providing information necessary for an effective physical education instruction for young children's growth and development. For the purpose, this researcher selected total 257 young children from K Kindergarten located at K-gu in B Metropolitan City who consisted of 73 boys and 45 girls, both of were fully aged 4, and 83 boys and 56 girls, fully aged 5.......

태권도 선수의 인지 재구성에 의한 시합 불안 감소 연구

박영수 ( Young Soo Park ),양대승 ( Dae Seung Yang ),서진교 ( Jin Gyo Seo ) 국기원 2010 국기원태권도연구 Vol.1 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 김용승(1996)이 개발한 심리기술 강화 훈련 프로그램(시합불안 제어용)의 단축형을 스포츠 현장의 태권도 선수 남녀 2명에게 적용하고 그의 시합불안 제어효과를 조사하고자 하는 것으로 2개의 1인 대상연구 형태로 이루어 졌다. 개입프로그램은 합리적 정서적 치료(RET) 및 합리적 인지 재구성(CRR)을 기반으로 하여 개발된 것으로, 현장에서 심리학적 전문지식이 없어도 적용이 가능하도록 127개의 진술 항목이 개발되어 포함되어 있다. 대상은 남녀 대학 태권도 선수 2명이며 평소 시합불안 제어가 필요함을 표현하던 선수였다. 연구개입은 각각 4회기에 걸쳐 이루어졌고, 개입 전후에 SCAT 검사를 하여 특성 시합불안의 변화를 조사하였다. 개입 후에는 보충면접(Back-up Interview)을 통해 1인 대상 연구의 단점을 보완하고자 하였다. 남자 P의 경우 개입 프로그램 전후의 SCAT 점수는 15점에서 14점으로 1점의 감소를 보였으나, 보충면접을 통해 개입 프로그램이 시합 불안을 낮추는데 효과가 있었다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 피험자 L의 경우도 개입 프로그램 전의 점수가 20점이었으나 프로그램 개입 후의 점수는 12점으로 대폭 감소하여 개입 프로그램이 L의 시합 불안을 급격하게 감소시킨 것으로 나타났으며, 보충면접에서도 L은 개입 프로그램으로 시합 불안이 크게 감소하였다고 진술하였다. 따라서 이 프로그램은 태권도 선수들의 시합 시 불안을 감소시킬 뿐만 아니라 훈련 시에도 개입효과를 기대할 수 있다. This study aims to apply the simple version of Mental Technique Enhancing Training Program (for controlling game anxiety) developed by Young-Seung Kim (1996) to 2 Taekwondo players (male and female) in the sports field and to research the game anxiety control effect and was composed of 2 one-person studies. The intervention program was developed based on Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET) and Cognitive, Rational Restructuring (CRR) and is composed of 127 statement items developed for this research so that it can be applied without psychological expertise in the field. The subjects were 2 college taekwondo players who needed to control game anxiety usually. The intervention was performed 4 times for each player and examined the change of game trait anxiety by SCAT test before and after the intervention. Back-up interview was conducted to compensate for the weakness of one-person study after intervention. In case of male subject P, the SCAT score decreased from 15 to 14 after the intervention but it was concluded through the back-up interview that the intervention was effective in reducing game anxiety. In case of subject L, the SCAT score sharply decreased from 20 to 12 after the intervention, showing that the intervention program reduced game anxiety drastically. The subject L also stated that the game anxiety was reduced greatly due to the intervention in the back-up interview. Thus, it was concluded that this program can not only reduce anxiety during a game for taekwondo players but also have anxiety control effect during training session.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

콩 단백 성분 및 연령이 암컷 흰쥐의 혈장 지질 농도와 인지질 지방산 패턴에 미치는 영향

정은정(Eun-Jung Chung),김수연(Soo-Yeon Kim),김지영(Ji-Young Kim),안지영(Ji-Young Ahn),박정화(Jung-Wha Park),차명화(Myung-Hwa Cha),이양자(Yang-Cha Lee Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2003 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.32 No.2

혈중 지질농도는 식이단백질 종류보다는 연령의 영향을 많이 받아, young군보다 old군의 총 콜레스테롤, TG, HDL-콜레스테롤, LDL+VLDL-콜레스테롤 및 AI 모두 높았다. 한편 콩 단백질군에서 HDL-콜레스테롤 수준이 증가하고, LDL+VLDL-콜레스테롤와 AI는 감소하여, 심혈관질환에 대한 콩 단백질의 유익한 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 식이단백질에 의해 유의한 영향을 받은 혈장 인지질의 지방산조성중 22:0, 18:1ω9, ∑MUFA 조성은 카제인군에서 콩 단백질군 보다 높았으며, 반대로 ∑SFA 조성은 카제인군에서 낮았다. 연령에 의해 혈장 인지질 지방산 조성에 있어 유의한 차이를 보인 지방산 중 22:0, 18:1ω9, 22:1, 18:3ω3 및 22:4ω6는 young군에서 높은 반면에, 22:6ω3, ∑ω3, 18:2ω6, 20:4ω6, ∑ω6 및 ∑PUFA의 조성비율은 old군에서 높게 나타났다. 이와 같이 식이 단백질의 종류보다 연령의 영향력이 더 많이 나타난 것은 혈중 콜레스테롤 수준이 식이 단백질보다는 연령의 영향을 더 크게 받았기 때문으로 생각된다. 혈장 인지질 지방산의 대사지표 중 Δ7-desaturation index(16:0⇒16:1ω7)와 Δ9-desaturation index(18:0⇒18:1ω9)가 식이 단백질의 영향을 받아 카제인군에 비해 콩 단백질군에서 유의하게 낮았다. Δ7- 및 Δ9-desaturation index만이 식이 단백질의 영향을 받은 것은 식이 단백질보다 desaturase 활성에 더 큰 영향력을 미치는 콜레스테롤이 식이에 첨가되었기 때문이라 생각된다. Δ-4 desaturation index (22:4ω6⇒22:5ω6)는 young군에 비해 old군에서 높았으며, elongation index(20:4 ω6⇒22:4ω6)는 old군에서 낮았다. 대부분의 elongation과 desaturation 단계는 연령에 따라 유의한 차이를 보이지 못하였으나, ω3계 지방산의 전체적인 elongation-desaturation 단계를 나타내는 ∑products-fatty acid(ω3)/α-LNA(ω3) 비율이 old군에서 young군보다 유의하게 높아, 연령에 따른 PUFA 대사의 변화가 관찰되었다. 이상에서와 같이, 콩 단백질의 섭취로 흰쥐 혈장 인지질의 ∑MUFA 조성은 낮고 ∑SFA 조성은 높아 다른 지질 강화성분의 섭취와 유사한 결과를 나타내었다. 혈중 콜레스테롤 수준이 높은 old군에서 체내 막조직의 유동성을 유지하기 위해 PUFA의 합성 특히 ω3계 지방산의 elongation-desaturation이 증가하여 총 PUFA 조성이 young군보다 높았다. 연구결과로 이소플라본을 포함한 콩 단백질의 혈중 지질저하 기전에 대해 체계적인 설명은할 수 없지만, 콩 단백질이 혈장 지방산의 조성을 변화시킴으로써 간접적으로 심혈관계 질환에 대해 유익한 효과를 미침을 알 수 있었다. 한편, 이러한 혈관의 건강과 관련된 콩의 유익한 효과는 이소플라본과 같은 콩의 특정 성분의 단독효과라기보다는 콩 단백질과의 복합효과에 의한 것이라는 주장은 매우 설득력 있다고 생각된다. Effects of soy protein concentrate (SPC) containing isoflavone and casein diets on plasma phospholipid (PLs)-fatty acid patterns were investigated in 7- & 40- wk old female rats. Diets containing 16% SPC (soy/young: SY, soy/old: SO) and casein (casein/young: CY, casein/ old: CO) supplemented with 0.5% cholesterol were fed for 4 wks. Fatty acid compositions of plasma PLs were determined by TLC and GLC. Compared to the dietary protein effects, age effects on serum lipids were more profound. The levels of total cholesterol (Chol.), triglyceride, HDL-Chol., (LDL+VLDL)-Chol. and atherogenic index (AI) were higher in older groups (OC & OS) than younger groups (YC & YS). Soy groups had higher HDL-Chol. level and lower (LDL+VLDL)-Chol. and AI, compared with casein groups. The compositions of C22:0, C18:1ω9 and sum of MUFA in plasma PLs were significantly higher in casein group (CY & CO) than soy group (SY & SO), but those of sum of SFA were higher in soy group. The compositions of C22:0, C18:1ω9, C22:1, C18:3ω3 and C22:4ω6 were higher and those of C22:6ω3, sum ofω3, C18:2ω6 C20:4ω6, sum ofω6 and sum of PUFA were lower in plasma PLs of younger rats. The average P/S and ω3/ω6 ratio in older group was higher. The Δ-7 desaturation index (16:0⇒16:1ω7) and Δ-9 desaturation index (18:0⇒18 : 1ω9) were lower in soy group than casein group, while Δ-6 and Δ-5 desaturation index were not affected by dietary protein. The Δ-4 desaturation index (22:4ω6⇒22:5ω6) were higher and, elongation index (20:4ω6⇒22:4ω6) were lower in older group. The ratio of the products of ω3 fatty acid series/precursor of ω3 fatty acid series (C18:3) was significantly higher in older group, which in- dicated that age affected the plasma PUFA metabolism. On the other hand, older rats had higher serum cholesterol level compared with younger rats. Taken together, these changes in fatty acid composition might cause minimal changes in the membrane fluidity induced by the increase serum cholesterol level.

노인의 Helicobacter pylori 재균율

박주상,홍원선,이영수,이은주,명승재,정훈용,양석균,김진호,민영일 대한노인병학회 2000 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.4 No.3

VP-16으로 성공적으로 치료된 위 Kaposi 육종 1예

양웅석,송근암,조몽,이재승,송철수,김형욱,김영민,이수봉,김태오,이성훈 대한소화기내시경학회 1999 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.19 No.4

The skin is an uncommon site of distant metastasis from any internal malignancy, and the incidence of metastatic skin lesions as the first symptom of disease is only 0.8% in patients with all systemic malignancies. Furthermore, cutaneous metastasis from adenocarcinoma of the stomach has been found to be extremely rare. A 35-year-old female patient was admitted due to multiple cutaneous nodules in her chest, abdomen, and back. A gastroendoscopic examination and biopsy was made according to the results of skin pathologic findings. Stomach and skin biopsy results revealed a signet ring cell type of adenocarcinoma. A case of gastric adenocarcinoma in which metastatic skin nodules appeared as the first sign of disease, is here in reported with a review of related literature.

하아디와 로렌스 문학에 나타난 자연주의적 성향

양영수 한국로렌스학회 2007 D.H. 로렌스 연구 Vol.15 No.1

It can be soundly said that two different elements of idiosyncratic view of the Nature, those of romanticism and naturalism, are characterizing Thomas Hardy and D. H. Lawrence The former element came from time-hornored tradition beginning with the primitive society and lies roughly in common with Christianity in terms of spiritual force immanent in the Nature The latter element was formed together with the modern scientific view of the universe, Darwinism in particular, which tends to look on human life in the light of natural law Hardy's literary world is, however, only limitedly naturalistic since it lacks strict application of scientific analysis and dispassionate reasoning while including pathetic and myterious features Hardy so often falls into sentimental imagination when he introduces the natural law of the survival of the fittest or the genetic inheritance Lawrence's literary world is situated at the intersection of the two ways naturalist-materialist reading of the universe expounded by Darwinism and the transcendentalist-vitalist reading of the romantic Nature tradition Comprehensively speaking, such points of comparison as following can be mentioned Firstly, the nature in Hardy's world looms as formidable and antagonistic to human purposes while Lawrence's nature is viewed as the sources of bountiful vitality and inspiration Secondly, enthusiastic lovers in Hardy's literature suffer from final frustration even in the heart of natural habitation, while Lawrence's loving characters meet more successful outcomes with the helping influence from the nature Thirdly, Hardy's literary characters in general undergo the climax of insignificance of life at the moment of their death, while most of the characters in Lawrence's literature go through the magnificence and reverence of life right on their deathbeds, with the former inclined to reductive meaning of life and the latter to expansive meaning of life.

D.H.로렌스의 『사랑하는 여인들』에 나타난 현대문명비판

양영수 제주대학교 1994 논문집 Vol.39 No.1

Most of D.H.Lawrence's novels deal with love affairs between men and women, but they can also be interpreted as criticism on the modern civilization, of which Women in Love is no exception. Two major characters in this novel, Gerald and Gudrun, can be seen as the objects of critical discussion on contemporary civilization, for they are representative of two major traits of the modern life-style shared by social and cultural leaders. Gerald, who appears as an 'industrial magnate', exemplifies the strong will to power which is the driving force of modern industrial society. He is eager to subjugate natural power to his will and to exercise complete control over the laborers of his mining company. His extraordinary ability as a mechanical leader in business goes so far as to make his existence redundant, which causes his deep frustration as a human being. He turns to Gudrun's dallying love for salvation from his feeling of futility. But Gudrun is a ruthless woman who needs no love from a man. She gradually turns on him and grows to take to Loerke, a German sculptor, for she is a self-assured woman who can sacrifice her own love for artistic creation. Gerald's despair in love drives him to nearly throttle Gudrun. He wakes up and goes into the Alps only to be snowed up. Both of them get ruined in their love just because they are overly faithful to their strong will to power or artistic creativity, which can be seen as the basic well-spring of flourishing modern society. It is rather ironic that Birkin and Ursular, two other major characters in this novel, should be able to get along comparatively well in their love affair in spite of the incipient hardships arising from the difference of their love morality, for they are free of such strong will as to participate self-assertively in the modern siciety, whether industrial or artistic. They wants to retreat completely from it, considering it quite meaningless. Their love for each other is such that they don't have misgivings over being separated from each other, or, conversely, being too close to each other because they believe in love as independent as between constellations. It is regrettable that Women in Lot'e should have been affected so negatively by the author's own dreary experiences in the course of writing it as to be a less persuasive diagnosis of malady of modern civilization. But the pictufure of Gerald and Gudrun is a vivid and plausible creation of some strong-willed characters of modern industrial society, and a symbolic manifestation of certain peculiarities in the diversity of the contemporary life-style, while Birkin and Ursular are the extreme cases of pessimistic and secluded individualism.

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양선문,송경은,서장수,조영래 대한임상병리학회 2000 대한임상병리학회지 Vol.20 No.6

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양후열,김동욱,최섭,진명수,이영수,나기현 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2002 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.34 No.-