대퇴골 간부 골절 치료에서 확공성 금속정과 비확공성 금속성 사용시 임상적 차이 비교

박희곤,김명호,유문집,변우섭 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목 적: 대퇴골 간부 골절의 치료에 있어 확공성 금속정을 사용한 경우와 비확공성 금속정을 사용한 경우, 그 임상적 차이를 비교 분석해 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1997년 6월부터 2000년 4월까지 대퇴 간부 골절로 진단, 본원에서 확공성 금속정 또는 비확공성 금속정으로 치료한 105례의 환자 중에서 1년 이상 추시 가능했던 95례의 활자를 대상으로 하였다 이중 확공성 금속정 사용군이 74례, 비확공성 사용군이 21례이였다. 골절의 분류는Winquist-Hansen 분류를 사용하였으며, 확공성 금속정을 사용한 경우는 Ⅰ형 20례, Ⅱ형 37례, Ⅲ형 15례, Ⅳ형 2례이였으며 비확공성 금속정을 사용한 경우는 Ⅰ형 0례, Ⅱ형 7례, Ⅲ형 10례, Ⅳ형 4례였다. 연구 방법으로는 연구 대상의 추시 기간 동안의 의무기록과 방사선학적 검사를 토대로 수술 시간, 수술시 출혈량, 최초 가골 형성 시기, 골절 유합 시기 및 합병증 등을 후향적으로 비교하여 통계학적 분석을 시행하였다. 결 과: 수술시간은 확공성 금속정 사용군이 평균 107분, 비확공성 금속정 사용군이 94분으로 통계학적 유의성을 보였으며 (p<0.005) 수술이 출혈량의 경우 금속정 사용군이 400㎖, 비확공성 금속정 사용군이 250 ㎖로 통계학적 유의성을 보였다 (p<0.001). 그 외 최고 가골 형성 시기나 골절 유합 시기 등에서는 통계학적 유의성이 없었으나, 골절 유합 시기가 비확공성 금속정 사용군에서 전반적으로 늦는 경향을 보였다. 결 론: 대퇴골 간부 골절 치료에 있어 비확공성 금속정을 사용한 경우가 확공성 금속정을 사용한 경우에 비해 수술 시간 및 수술시 출혈량에 있어 유리함이 통계학적으로 유의하게 나타나 제한된 경우에서는 비확공성 금속정의 사용을 고려해도 좋을 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: The comparative analysis of clinical difference between the use of reamed nail and unreamed nail in treatment of femoral shaft fracture. Materials and Methods: In 105 patients with femoral shaft fracture who were treated with reamed nail or unreamed nail between June of 1997 and April of 2000, 95 patients who underwent more than a year of follow-up were selected. Winquist-Hansen criteria was applied for the classification of fracture. Based on the medical records and radiological examinations, conducted a retrospective, statistical analysis of the duration of operation, the amount of bleeding during operation, the first time of callus formation, union time, and complications. Results: The average duration of operation was 107 minutes for reamed nail group, and 94 minutes for unreamed nail group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.005). The amount of bleeding during the operation was 400㎖ for reamed nail group and 250㎖ for unreamed nail group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). There was no statistical difference in the first time of callus formation and union time between the two groups but, in general union time tend to be long in unreamed nail group. Conclusion: In the treatment of femoral shaft fracture, the use of unreamed nail was shown to have an advantage over the use of reamed nail in terms of the duration of operation and the amount of bleeding. We recommend restrictive cases.

부추와 마늘 바이러스의 分離 同定 및 理化學的 性質에 관한 硏究

노문철,박우원,장무웅 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1991 基礎科學硏究 Vol.11 No.-

부추와 마늘은 바이러스 病에 대한 防止策없이 오랬동안 裁培되어온 韓國의 重要한 채소류 중의 하나이다. 따라서 이러한 바이러스 病을 防止하기 위해서는 부추와 마늘의 바이러스에 관한 基本的인 情報가 더욱 必要하다. 이러한 重要性때문에 本 硏究는 부추와 마늘의 바이러스를 分離 同定하여 그 特性을 調査하였다. 그 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 부추와 마늘의 바이러스는 低速과 高速 遠心分離에 의해 純化되었고, 電子顯微鏡으로 觀察한 結果, 길이 650-700nm의 絲狀 粒子로 確認되었다. 2. 汁液 接種에 의해 感染된 명아주와 잠두의 잎은 局部病斑 症狀을 나타내었다. 3. 부추, 명아주, 잠두의 罹病葉을 초박절편하여 電子 顯微鏡으로 觀察한 결과, 바이러스 粒子는 集團 및 散在像으로 細胞質內에 存在하였다. 4. SDS-PAGE法으로 電氣泳動한 結果, 부추와 마늘의 바이러스의 coat protein의 分子量은 4.12×10⁴dalton으로 確認되었다. 5. 1.4% agarose gel 造成으로 水平電氣泳動한 結果, 부추와 마늘의 바이러스의 RNA의 分子量은 2.85×?? dalton으로 確認되었다. 6. GLV의 항혈청을 이용한 혈청학적 실험(면역전기영동법, 면역전자현미경법)에서 CCLV와 GLV가 동일한 반응을 나타냈었다. Chinese chive(Allium tuberosum) and garlic(Allium sativum) are an important vegetable crops for the korean people and have long been cultivated extensively in Korea. Because of this importance. studies were initiated to isolate and characterize the chinese chive latent virus(CCLV) and garlic latent virus(GLV). Result of these studies are summarized as follows: 1. CCMV and GLV were purified by alternate high and low speed centrifugation of chinese chive leaf or garlic leaf extracts. 2. Electron microscopic examination of CCLV and GLV revealed rod shaped. These paticles are measured about 650-700nm in length. 3. In manual inoculation, these viruses induced local lesion on Chenopodium album and broad bean. 4. In ultrathin section, Particles of CCLV and GLV were often found aggregate or scatered in the cytoplasm. 5. The molecular weight of the coat protein of CCLV and GLV were estimated by polyacrylamade gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Coat protein subunit of CCLV and GLV estimated about about 4.12×10⁴ daltons. 6. The moleculat weight of the nucleic acid of CCLV and GLV estimated about 2.85×?? daltons. 7. By the method of immunoelectrophoresis and immunosorbent electron microscope it has been proved that CCLV is identical to GLV.

고추 1986年度 수集在來種의 裁培的 特性과 1987年度 蒐集在來種의 種果特性

金炳洙,李愚升,朴鉉圭,許宗汶,余淳南 慶北大學校 1988 論文集 Vol.46 No.-

Ten Korean local cultivars of pepper (Capsicum annuum) collected in 1986 were planted in the Kyungpook National University Experiment Farm to investigate growth characteristics. 'Punggakcho' was late in flowering, bearing large fruits, and high yielding. 'Kalmicho' was vigorous, good in fruit setting, and slightly resistant to bacterial spot but badly infected with powdery mildew. These two cultivars were the most promising materials for pepper breeding. Local cultivars collected in Younyang in Kyungpook such as 'Chilsungcho', 'Subicho', and 'Daehwacho' were poor in growth and suffered from viral complexes. As results, size and form of the original seed fruits was not reproduced but small and malformed fruits were produced. Collection of local cultivars of pepper was continued in 1987. Fruits of 14 local cultivars were collected in Youngwol in Kangwondo, Bonghwa and Munkyung in Kyungpook, Guchang in Kyungnam, and Jejudo, and their fruit characters were recorded.

EU의 Biomass를 이용한 에너지 생산

이종식,고문환,박우균,안종웅 한국국제농업개발학회 2003 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.15 No.3

EU 국가들의 1993년부터 1999년까지의 6년간 재생에너지 사용량 변화를 살펴보기 위하여 절대량 증가와 증가율을 조사하였다. 많은 나라들이 높은 사용량 증가 또는 증가율을 나타내었다. 초기에 재생에너지 사용이 적었던 나라들은 1999년에도 실질적인 생산량은 적지만 기간 중 높은 증가율을 보였다. 반면에 1993년에 이미 사용량이 높았던 나라들은 낮은 증가율을 보였으나 전체사용량은 높은 수준이었다. 재생 에너지 사용의 성공 여부는 보급 확대를 위해 많은 장해물들을 극복한 후에 성취될 수 있다. 보급 확대를 위한 요인들로는 정치적, 제도적, 재정적, 행정적인 지원과 기술개발, 홍보, 교육 및 훈련 등이 있다. Biomass를 이용한 에너지 생산 및 보급에 성공한 덴마크, 핀란드, 독일, 스페인 및 스웨덴의 송공 요인들을 소개하였다. In order to identify those Member State/technology combinations where there has been most success in achieving renewable energy penetration over the six-year period 1993-1999, the two selection criteria such as absolute increase and percentage of increase have been applied. Many Member States show either a large absolute increase in renewable energy output, or a large percentage of increase. Member States with only very low initial levels of renewable energy use may demonstrate rapid growth rates even though the actual quantity of output is still only small. Conversely, Member State with levels of renewable energy use that were already relatively high in 1993 show a less rapid percentage growth rate, but these Member States may still Have added significant quantities to the overall output. Successful penetration of renewable energy can only be achieved after overcoming many varied obstacles to an increase in their exploitation. Factors, which can influence the successful implementation of renewable energy projects, include political, legislative, financial administration, technological development, information, education and training. Examples of successful penetration of biomass power were shown for Denmark, Finland, Germany, Spain and Sweden.

상부 조기 위암 환자의 복강경하 상부 위절제술 3례 경험

조규석,김형철,박경규,이문수,송옥평,임철완,신웅진,주종우,유기원 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

Background : The reported incidence of early gastric cancer located in the upper portion of the stomach has been increasing with the recent advances in its diagnosis and screening. Recently, we have successfully performed laparoscopic assisted proximal gastrectomy and gastric tube reconstruction without pyloroplasty on three patients with early gastric carcinoma localized to the upper third of the stomach. We describe our modification of this procedure in this report. Method : After creating an surgical pneumoperitoneum, the stomach was mobilized using laparoscopic coagulating shears. Upper half of the greater curvature and three-quarters of the lesser curvature were then dissected along with regoinal D2 lymphadenectomy. This was followed by a 5 cm, longitudinal mini-laparotomy in the upper abdomen, and the construction of the exteriorized stomach with a gastric tube measuring 20 cm long and 4 cm wide. Reconstruction with an esophagogastrostomy was performed using a circular stapler. Result : No post-operative morbidity or mortality was observed in this small series of patients. The average operative time was 250 minutes (range 220-300 minutes), and the average blood loss was 150 ml (range 90-180 ml). The mean number of lymph nodes harvested during these laparoscopic proximal gastrectomies was 24 nodes (range 22-25 lymph nodes). The average postoperative hospital stays was 7.5 days (range 7-8 days). Conclusion : Our technique of laparoscopic assisted proximal gastrectomy and gastric tube reconstruction without phloroplasty offers a minimally invasive technique with the potential of impoving the post-operative quality of life patients with an early-stage proximal gastric cancer.

복어중독에 의한 가사 상태에서 소생한 1예

송승찬,신진호,강석우,박경남,최호순,박근태,문희식,기춘석,이성희,윤병철,노우균,조균석,이민호 大韓應急醫學會 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.3

Tetrodotoxin is a neurotoxin produced by about 90 species of puffer fish and causes paralysis of central nervous system and peripheral nerves by blocking the movement of all monovalent cation. Ingestion of tetrodotoxin produces clinical manifestations such as paresthesias(within 10-45 min), vomiting, lightheadedness, salivation, muscle twitching, dysphagia, difficulty in speaking, convulsion and death that expressed by cardiopulmonary arrest with loss of brain stem reflex sometimes. Tetrodotoxin prevents or delays ischemia induced neuronal death by way of following 3 mechanisms. Firstly, it reduces the energy demand of the brain tissues. Secondly, it delays or even prevents anoxic depolarization. Finally, it deminishes ischemia induced cell swelling and cerebral edema. We report a case of puffer fish poisoning which presented with cardiopulmonary arrest and loss of brain stem reflex, but completely recovered by aggressive cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

항정신병약물 사용 중인 정신분열병 환자에서 올란자판으로의 교체 방법에 관한 연구(II) : Comparison of Safety 안전성 비교

안용민,권용실,권준수,민성호,박두병,양문정,소형석,송종호,신윤식,우행원,유범희,이홍석,정한용,한창환,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.5

연구목적: 이 다기관 공동임상연구는 사용 중인 항정신병약물을 ’직접 교체 방법’또는 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’중 한 가지 방법으로 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, 안정성 측면에서 두 교체 방법 간의 비교와 교체후의 변화를 관찰하기 위한 것이다. 방법: 국내 13개 병원의 입원 및 외래에 내원한 환자들 중 ICD-10 지단기준으로 정신분열병에 해당되며, 임상적으로 항정신병약물 교체가 필요한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 두 가지 교체 방법 중 한 가지를 무작위로 피험자에 적용하였으며, ’직접 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우에는 사용중인 항정신병약물을 일시에 중단하고 10㎎의 올란자핀을 바로 투여하였고, ’시작-감량 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우는 10㎎의 올란자핀 투여하고 2주에 걸쳐서 기존 약물을 감량하여 중단하였다. 올란자핀 사용기간은 총 6주이며, 용량은 5∼20㎎ 범위로 제한하였다. 한정성 평가를 위해서 체중, 생명징후, 자발적인 이상반응 복, 실험실 검사 그리고 Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes akathisia rating scale(BARS), Abnormal involuntary movement scale(AIMS). Liverpool University neuroleptic side effect rating scale(LUNSERS)등을 이용하였다. 결과: 총 103명의 정신분열병 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 사용한 올란자핀의 용량, 벤조디아제핀의 병용률, 탈락률과 탈락 사유, 자발적인 이상반응 보고, 생명징후, 실험실 검사 그리고 대부분의 부작용 척도 상에서 임상적으로 의미 있는 차이를 두 교체 방법간에 발견하지 못하였다. 다만 AIMS의 감소는 ’직접 교체 방법’군에서 보다 적었고, 항콜린제의 병용률은 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’군에서 보다 많았다. 기저 상태에서 전체 피험자의 SAS와 BARS 점수는 각각 3.5점과 1.8점이었으며 70% 이상의 피험자가 고프로락틴 혈증을 보였다. 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, SAS, BARS, AIMS 점수의 유의한 감소가 있었으며 고프로락틴 혈증을 보인 피험자 분율도 약 30%이하로 감소하였다. 그러나 교체 방법과 상관없이 올란자핀 교체 후 유의한 체중 증가가 있었다. 결론: 이 연구를 통해 교체 방법에 관계없이 비교적 안전하고 용이하게 올란자핀으로 교체 할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 기존 항정신병약물을 올란자핀으로 교체함으로써 일부 부작용들을 줄일 수 있음을 간접적으로 관찰할 수 있었다. 하지만 이 연구는 여러 제한점과 문제점을 지니고 있기 때문에 보다 체계적인 연구를 통해 검정이 필요하리라 생각된다. Objectives: This multicenter clinical trial involving 13 hospital sites compared the safely of switching to olanzapine between ’direct switching method’ and ’start-tapering switching method’. Method: This study included both inpatients and outpatients who fulfilled the criteria for schizophrenia as defined in the ICD-10, and were in need to be appropriate for switching antipsychotics. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two switching methods. For ’direct switching method’group, previous antipsychotics were abruptly discontinued and 10㎎ of olanzapine was administered, and previous antipsychotics was gradually tapered for 2 weeks. Olanzapine was used for 6 weeks and the dose was adjusted within the range of 5-20㎎. The safety of switching to olanzapine was measured with vital sings including body weight, adverse events reported spontaneously, laboratory tests, and various scales such as Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale(BARS). Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale(AIMS), and Liverpool University Neuroleptic Side Effect Rating Scale(LUNSERS). Results: 103 patients were switched to olanzapine in this study. The comparison between two switching methods did not show any significant difference in the dosage of olanzapine used, the concomitant use of benzodiazepine, the rate and reasons of drop-out, the adverse events, vital signs, laboratory tests, and most scales for measuring side-effects. However, the decrease in AIMS scores was significantly lower in ’direct switching method’ group, and the concomitant use of anticholinergics was comparatively greater in ’start-tapering switching method’ group. At baseline, SAS and BARS scores were 3.5 and 1.8 points respectively, and more than 70% of the subjects showed hyperprolactinemia. After switching to olanzapine, SAS, BARS, and AIMS scores were significantly decreased and the proportion of the patients with hyperprolactinemia was also decreased to less than 30%. However significant weight gain after the treatment of olanzapine was observed regardless of switching method. Conclusion: This study may suggest that switching to olanzapine can be done with relatively high safety regardless of switching methods and olanzapine can significantly decrease some side-effects induced by other antipsychotics.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

열공형과 비열공형 피질하 혈관성 치매에서 위험인자의 차이에 관한 비교 연구

배희준,정지향,유경호,나덕렬,김상윤,최경규,양동원,손의주,이상도,김재우,박경원,김응규,이재홍,박미영,한일우,함동석,최문성,하충건,최성혜,이애영,이병철,한설희 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.2

Backgrounds and Objectives: Vascular dementia is a group of dementing disoders arising from various stroke syndrome. Among these. subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is regarded as a relatively distinct clinical entity. However, MRI patterns of SIVD are not homogenous. In some patients, lacunes are dominant, and in others, subcortical white matter changes are. This study was designed to compare risk factor profiles between SIVD with and without multiple lacunes. Methods: We divided 47 subjects (22 males, mean age. 68 years) recruited from VADAPET (Multicenter Trial For Evaluation Of The Changes In the PET Images Of Subcortical Vascular Dementia Patient) study into two groups one with more than 5 lacunes in deep gray matter (lacune group) and the other with 5 or less(non-lacune group) Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of two groups were compared. Results: Nineteen of 47 patients (40%) belonged to the lacune group. The lacune and non-lacune groups d d not differ in the following variables: age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, history of trauma or major surgery, family history of hypertension stroke, or dementia, age at diagnosis of dementia, body mass index, white blood cell count, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol. LDL cholesterol creatinine, proteinuria, glucosuria, and microhematuria. However, male sex, smoking alcohol. hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were possibly associated more with lacune group SIVD than with non-lacune group (p<0 1) Multivariate analyses revealed that smoking, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of SIVD with multiple lacunes Conclusion: Our study suggests that SIVD with multiple lacunes may be significantly different in smoking habits hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol from SIVD without multiple lacunes.

Highly Stretchable and Wearable Graphene Strain Sensors with Controllable Sensitivity for Human Motion Monitoring

Park, Jung Jin,Hyun, Woo Jin,Mun, Sung Cik,Park, Yong Tae,Park, O Ok American Chemical Society 2015 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.7 No.11

<P>Because of their outstanding electrical and mechanical properties, graphene strain sensors have attracted extensive attention for electronic applications in virtual reality, robotics, medical diagnostics, and healthcare. Although several strain sensors based on graphene have been reported, the stretchability and sensitivity of these sensors remain limited, and also there is a pressing need to develop a practical fabrication process. This paper reports the fabrication and characterization of new types of graphene strain sensors based on stretchable yarns. Highly stretchable, sensitive, and wearable sensors are realized by a layer-by-layer assembly method that is simple, low-cost, scalable, and solution-processable. Because of the yarn structures, these sensors exhibit high stretchability (up to 150%) and versatility, and can detect both large- and small-scale human motions. For this study, wearable electronics are fabricated with implanted sensors that can monitor diverse human motions, including joint movement, phonation, swallowing, and breathing.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2015/aamick.2015.7.issue-11/acsami.5b00695/production/images/medium/am-2015-00695u_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am5b00695'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>