Near-Infrared Spectral Characteristics in Presence of Sun Glint Using CASI-1500 Data in Shallow Waters

( Joo Young Jeon ),( Sun Hwa Kim ),( Chan Su Yang ) 대한원격탐사학회 2015 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

Sun glint correction methods of hyperspectral data that have been developed so far have not considered the various situations and are often adequate for only certain conditions. Also there is an inaccurate assumption that the signal in NIR wavelength is zero. Therefore, this study attempts to analyze the NIR spectral properties of sun glint effect in coastal waters. For the analysis, CASI-1500 airborne hyperspectral data, bathymetry data and in-situ data obtained at coastal area near Sin-Cheon, Jeju Island, South Korea were used. The spectral characteristics of radiance and reflectance at the five NIR wavelengths (744 nm, 758 nm, 772 nm, 786 nm, and 801 nm) are analyzed by using various statistics, spatial and spectral variation of sun-glinted area under conditions of the bottom types of benthos, barren rocks and sand with similar water depth. Through the quantitative analysis, we found that the relation of water depth or bottom type with sun glint is relatively less which is a similar result with the previous studies. However the sun glint are distributed similarly with the patterns of the direction of wave propagation. It is confirmed that the areas with changed direction of wave propagation were not affected by the sun glint. The spatial and spectral variations of radiance and reflectance are mainly caused by the effect of sun glint and waves. The radiance or reflectance of more sun-glinted areas are increased approximately 1.5 times and the standard deviations are also increased three times compared to the less sun glinted areas. Through this study, the further studies of sun glint correction method in coastal water using the patterns of wave propagation and diffraction will be placed.

Comparison of Melanoma Subtypes among Korean Patients by Morphologic Features and Ultraviolet Exposure

( Hong Sun Jang ),( Jee Hung Kim ),( Kyu Hyun Park ),( Jae Seok Lee ),( Jung Min Bae ),( Byung Ho Oh ),( Sun Young Rha ),( Mi Ryung Roh ),( Kee Yang Chung ) 대한피부과학회 2014 Annals of Dermatology Vol.26 No.4

Background: Genetic alterations have been identified in melanomas according to different levels of sun exposure. Whereas the conventional morphology-based classification provides a clue for tumor growth and prognosis, the new classification by genetic alterations offers a basis for targeted therapy. Objective: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the biological behavior of melanoma subtypes and compare the two classifications in the Korean population. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients found to have malignant melanoma in Severance Hospital from 2005 to 2012. Age, sex, location of the tumor, histologic subtype, tumor depth, ulceration, lymph node invasion, visceral organ metastasis, and overall survival were evaluated. Results: Of the 206 cases, the most common type was acral melanoma (n=94, 45.6%), followed by nonchronic sun damage-induced melanoma (n=43, 20.9%), and mucosal melanoma (n=40, 19.4%). Twenty-one patients (10.2%) had the chronic sun-damaged type, whereas eight patients (3.9%) had tumors of unknown primary origin. Lentigo maligna melanoma was newly classified as the chronic sun-damaged type, and acral lentiginous melanoma as the acral type. More than half of the superficial spreading melanomas were newly grouped as nonchronic sun-damaged melanomas, whereas nodular melanoma was rather evenly distributed. Conclusion: The distribution of melanomas was largely similar in both the morphology-based and sun exposure-based classifications, and in both classifications, mucosal melanoma had the worst 5-year survival owing to its tumor thickness and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. (Ann Dermatol 26(4) 485~490, 2014)

Application of Antioxidant Transgenic Mice

Sun?Uk Kim,Hee-Young Yang,Sun-Hee Ahn,Suhee Kim,Dae?Yeul Yu,Dong?Seok Lee,Tae-Hoon Lee 한국실험동물학회 2014 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.8

Overexpression of Zoysia ZjCIGR1 gene confers cold stress resistance to zoysiagrass

Yang‑Ji Kim,Dae‑Hwa Yang,Mi‑Young Park,Hyeon‑Jin Sun,Pill‑Soon Song,Hong‑Gyu Kang,Seok‑Cheol Suh,Yong‑Eok Lee,이효연 한국식물생명공학회 2020 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.14 No.1

Zoysia japonica Steud. is a warm-season lawn grass popular in Korea and elsewhere. They are cultivated in many places such as river banks, roadside, and play grounds. However, there still is a disadvantage of frequent mowing, and the grass grows poorly under the chilly conditions. To develop a grass variety that circumvents these drawbacks, we cloned the chitininducible gibberellins-responsive1 gene (CIGR1) from zoysiagrass. The full length of the ZjCIGR1 (Zj; Zoysia japonica Steud.) gene was obtained by 5′/3′ RACE PCR and the phylogenetic tree showed that it belonged to the CIGR1-subgroup in the PAT1-group of GRAS protein family. Expression of the ZjCIGR1 in wild-type plants was confirmed in roots, meristems, leaves, and flowers, especially high in the flowers. The transgenic zoysiagrass was confirmed by PCR using gene-specific primers, phosphinothricin-acetyl-transferase (PAT) strip test, and Southern blot analysis. ZjCIGR1-overexpressing plants acquired tolerance to cold stress displaying morphological phenotypes characteristic of stress resistance. In addition, in the transformants, expression of the ZjCIGR1 as well as cold-regulated (COR) gene was increased compared to the wild-type plants under cold stress condition. These results suggest that ZjCIGR1 gene is an important candidate for regulating cold stress resistance.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

시중 절임배추의 품질 평가

김진희 ( Jin Hee Kim ),박건영 ( Kun Young Park ),최혜선 ( Hae Sun Choi ),양지영 ( Ji Young Yang ) 한국식품영양학회 2010 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.23 No.4

This research aimed to investigate the quality of conventional salted cabbages. Here, we studied the general characteristics and microbiological aspects of purchased salted cabbage samples from 15 companies. The purchased salted cabbages used a sun-dried salt, but two samples used a mixture of sun-dried salt and processed salt. There were 4 times of washing, 3 steps of washing after automatic washing, and 3 steps of washing after bubble washing as washing methods for the salted cabbages and ground water was used as the washing water. Also, three samples received HACCP certification. The salt contained in the purchased salted cabbages ranged from 0.5% to 2.0%, representing low salted cabbages. The pH of the purchased salted cabbages ranged from 5.32 to 6.47, and hardness ranged from 1,997g to 3,665g. Rewashing was necessary before using some salted cabbages due to foreign materials such as insects, soil, etc. Total bacterial counts of the purchased salted cabbages ranged from 3.36 log to 6.06 log and coliform bacteria ranged from below 1 log to 6.05 log, whereas other pathogens were not detected.

한국 가톨릭교 초기 전례복의 실증적 고찰 : 풍수원 성당의 출토유물을 中心으로

양숙희,박영순 숙명여자대학교 생활과학연구소 1990 生活科學硏究誌 Vol.5 No.-

The Catholic church is the largest religious entity in the world with its long history of 2,000 years and 600 million followers, and is formed into a global community with hierarchial structures. It was during the peak of sectional struggles in the later Yi dynasty that the Catholics was first introduced to this country. At that time, the Southerners who had been out of power were indulged in the 'Western learning' transmitted through China and began to introduce the Catholics to Korea. In this vein, the Catholics was introduced by the Korean people themselves rather than the foreign missionaries. The origin of the Korea's Catholic ritual costumes goes back to the Roman era some 2,000 years ago. Because the ruling class of the Yi dynasty believed the Catholic would harm the Korea's traditional culture and oppressed it severely at the time when the religion was first introduced, the Catholic ritual costumes could not be openly put on. Father Chou Wen-mu, the first foreign missionary who entered this country in 1795, put on a traditional horseman costume, and the French missionaries who entered Korea since 1830 also took a way-farer's costume to avoid the authorities' checks. Thus, for the 200 years' history of Korea's Catholics, the Catholic ritual costumes could not be tried for the first half of the period due to the oppression by the Yi dynasty. And it was only after 1886 when the Korea-France Trade and Friendship Treaty was concluded that the traditional Catholic ritual costumes were publicly introduced to Korea, and that their local reproduction began in Korea. At that time, the costume styles were the Roman's which features the considerable gorgeousness and magnificence. However, as time went on, the Greek style began to emerge gradually. Eventually, starting from the Second Vacation Assembly in 1962, the clergymen began to prefer the elegant Greek style to the Roman one and eventually stopped putting on the Roman ones. In this regard, the old ritual costumes still remaining at the first locally-built Catholic church, the Pungsoo-Woo in Kangwon-Do, where many Catholic followers lived collectively during the severe oppression period, were closely examined.

자기불일치, 이상형과 실제 파트너의 일치 정도 및 관계의 질이 이성 관계 집착행동에 미치는 영향

양미선, 이영호 가톨릭대학교 사회과학연구소 2011 社會科學硏究 Vol.27 No.-

대학에서의 가상교육 운영을 위한 요구분석 : K 대학의 사례를 중심으로 A Case of K University

양영선,최정임 한국교육정보미디어학회 2003 교육정보미디어연구 Vol.9 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 대학에서 가상교육을 운영하기 위하여 교수와 학생들을 대상으로 가상강좌의 활용 실태와 문제점, 요구사항을 파악하기 위한 것으로, 설문 조사를 통하여 가상강좌의 운영과 수강 경험에 따른 가상강좌의 형태와 수업 방법 및 제시 자료, 가상강좌 경험에 대한 만족도를 조사하고, 가상강좌를 보다 효과적으로 운영하기 위한 조건들과 가상교육을 활성화하기 위한 의견에 대하여 조사하였다. 조사 대상은 지방의 K 대학의 교수와 학생들이었으며, 전체 교수와 학생들을 대상으로 무작위로 설문지를 배포한 결과 교수 109명과 학생 540명이 참여하였다. 요구분석 결과, 교수와 학생 모두 가상강좌의 편리성과 필요성에 대해서는 동의하였지만 가상강좌의 효과에 대해서는 회의적인 성향이 나타났다. 가상강좌가 효과적이지 못하다는 이유로는 가상강좌가 그 특성을 살린 적절한 방법으로 운영되지 못하여 상호작용과 의사소통에 많은 어려움이 있으며, 다양한 교수방법이나 교수자료가 활용되지 못하고 획일화된 강의 위주 방법이 사용되는 경향 때문인 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 대학에서 가상강좌의 활성화 필요성에 대해서는 대부분 인정을 하지만, 많은 교수들은 가상강좌 운영의 필요성에 부정적인 시각을 보였으며, 전체적으로 온라인 위주의 강의보다는 온라인과 오프라인 수업이 병행되는 형태를 선호하는 것을 발견했다. 가상강좌가 대학에서 제대로 정착하기 위해서는 무엇보다 강좌개발과 운영을 위한 인적자원의 지원, 가상강좌의 역할과 기능, 활용 방법에 대한 교수 연수가 우선되어야 함이 시사되었다. Cyber education differs from traditional education in many ways of teaching and learning, and the perception of users varies depending on the their experiences on modes and materials employed in the cyber education. In order to implement cyber education more effectively and efficiently at its beginning stage in university level, this study analyzed the degree of perception and satisfaction on cyber education as well as the problems and issues of cyber education based upon a survey. A needs analysis was conducted with two sets of questionnaires to one hundred nine professors and five hundred forty students of K university. The questionnaires consist of the types and methods of cyber lectures, the degree of satisfaction based upon their teaching and learning experiences through cyber education. It includes surveys on the professors' and students' opinions of the conditions required for implementing the successful operation of cyber lectures. The results of the study showed that although both professors and students agreed with the efficiency and needs of cyber education, they were reluctant to accept its effectiveness. The main reasons of the reluctancy appeared that cyber lecture was difficult to implement due to the lack of interactions and communication. However, it was also found that the cyber lectures applied by the professors were limited to mainly instructor-led lectures without using the mechanism and interaction of cyber education appropriately or using unique and various instructional methods and teaching materials properly. In the mode of cyber education, it was found that both the professors and students in overall preferred the blended type of cyber lectures to cyber lectures only. The professors especially suggested the necessity of the supports and training programs for implementing cyber education in their lectures.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 II (표준화 실례) : 2차년도 연구결과 중간 보고

양기상,최선미,최승훈,안규석,박경모,박종현,김성우,신승호,정우열,전병훈,고현,김정범,신상우,김성훈,김동희,권영규,엄현섭,장혜옥 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows; - differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to relative excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) - differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation - analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a way of curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方), herb in common use(常用藥物), diseases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.