콩 단백 성분 및 연령이 암컷 흰쥐의 혈장 지질 농도와 인지질 지방산 패턴에 미치는 영향

정은정(Eun-Jung Chung),김수연(Soo-Yeon Kim),김지영(Ji-Young Kim),안지영(Ji-Young Ahn),박정화(Jung-Wha Park),차명화(Myung-Hwa Cha),이양자(Yang-Cha Lee Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2003 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.32 No.2

혈중 지질농도는 식이단백질 종류보다는 연령의 영향을 많이 받아, young군보다 old군의 총 콜레스테롤, TG, HDL-콜레스테롤, LDL+VLDL-콜레스테롤 및 AI 모두 높았다. 한편 콩 단백질군에서 HDL-콜레스테롤 수준이 증가하고, LDL+VLDL-콜레스테롤와 AI는 감소하여, 심혈관질환에 대한 콩 단백질의 유익한 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 식이단백질에 의해 유의한 영향을 받은 혈장 인지질의 지방산조성중 22:0, 18:1ω9, ∑MUFA 조성은 카제인군에서 콩 단백질군 보다 높았으며, 반대로 ∑SFA 조성은 카제인군에서 낮았다. 연령에 의해 혈장 인지질 지방산 조성에 있어 유의한 차이를 보인 지방산 중 22:0, 18:1ω9, 22:1, 18:3ω3 및 22:4ω6는 young군에서 높은 반면에, 22:6ω3, ∑ω3, 18:2ω6, 20:4ω6, ∑ω6 및 ∑PUFA의 조성비율은 old군에서 높게 나타났다. 이와 같이 식이 단백질의 종류보다 연령의 영향력이 더 많이 나타난 것은 혈중 콜레스테롤 수준이 식이 단백질보다는 연령의 영향을 더 크게 받았기 때문으로 생각된다. 혈장 인지질 지방산의 대사지표 중 Δ7-desaturation index(16:0⇒16:1ω7)와 Δ9-desaturation index(18:0⇒18:1ω9)가 식이 단백질의 영향을 받아 카제인군에 비해 콩 단백질군에서 유의하게 낮았다. Δ7- 및 Δ9-desaturation index만이 식이 단백질의 영향을 받은 것은 식이 단백질보다 desaturase 활성에 더 큰 영향력을 미치는 콜레스테롤이 식이에 첨가되었기 때문이라 생각된다. Δ-4 desaturation index (22:4ω6⇒22:5ω6)는 young군에 비해 old군에서 높았으며, elongation index(20:4 ω6⇒22:4ω6)는 old군에서 낮았다. 대부분의 elongation과 desaturation 단계는 연령에 따라 유의한 차이를 보이지 못하였으나, ω3계 지방산의 전체적인 elongation-desaturation 단계를 나타내는 ∑products-fatty acid(ω3)/α-LNA(ω3) 비율이 old군에서 young군보다 유의하게 높아, 연령에 따른 PUFA 대사의 변화가 관찰되었다. 이상에서와 같이, 콩 단백질의 섭취로 흰쥐 혈장 인지질의 ∑MUFA 조성은 낮고 ∑SFA 조성은 높아 다른 지질 강화성분의 섭취와 유사한 결과를 나타내었다. 혈중 콜레스테롤 수준이 높은 old군에서 체내 막조직의 유동성을 유지하기 위해 PUFA의 합성 특히 ω3계 지방산의 elongation-desaturation이 증가하여 총 PUFA 조성이 young군보다 높았다. 연구결과로 이소플라본을 포함한 콩 단백질의 혈중 지질저하 기전에 대해 체계적인 설명은할 수 없지만, 콩 단백질이 혈장 지방산의 조성을 변화시킴으로써 간접적으로 심혈관계 질환에 대해 유익한 효과를 미침을 알 수 있었다. 한편, 이러한 혈관의 건강과 관련된 콩의 유익한 효과는 이소플라본과 같은 콩의 특정 성분의 단독효과라기보다는 콩 단백질과의 복합효과에 의한 것이라는 주장은 매우 설득력 있다고 생각된다. Effects of soy protein concentrate (SPC) containing isoflavone and casein diets on plasma phospholipid (PLs)-fatty acid patterns were investigated in 7- & 40- wk old female rats. Diets containing 16% SPC (soy/young: SY, soy/old: SO) and casein (casein/young: CY, casein/ old: CO) supplemented with 0.5% cholesterol were fed for 4 wks. Fatty acid compositions of plasma PLs were determined by TLC and GLC. Compared to the dietary protein effects, age effects on serum lipids were more profound. The levels of total cholesterol (Chol.), triglyceride, HDL-Chol., (LDL+VLDL)-Chol. and atherogenic index (AI) were higher in older groups (OC & OS) than younger groups (YC & YS). Soy groups had higher HDL-Chol. level and lower (LDL+VLDL)-Chol. and AI, compared with casein groups. The compositions of C22:0, C18:1ω9 and sum of MUFA in plasma PLs were significantly higher in casein group (CY & CO) than soy group (SY & SO), but those of sum of SFA were higher in soy group. The compositions of C22:0, C18:1ω9, C22:1, C18:3ω3 and C22:4ω6 were higher and those of C22:6ω3, sum ofω3, C18:2ω6 C20:4ω6, sum ofω6 and sum of PUFA were lower in plasma PLs of younger rats. The average P/S and ω3/ω6 ratio in older group was higher. The Δ-7 desaturation index (16:0⇒16:1ω7) and Δ-9 desaturation index (18:0⇒18 : 1ω9) were lower in soy group than casein group, while Δ-6 and Δ-5 desaturation index were not affected by dietary protein. The Δ-4 desaturation index (22:4ω6⇒22:5ω6) were higher and, elongation index (20:4ω6⇒22:4ω6) were lower in older group. The ratio of the products of ω3 fatty acid series/precursor of ω3 fatty acid series (C18:3) was significantly higher in older group, which in- dicated that age affected the plasma PUFA metabolism. On the other hand, older rats had higher serum cholesterol level compared with younger rats. Taken together, these changes in fatty acid composition might cause minimal changes in the membrane fluidity induced by the increase serum cholesterol level.

노인의 기능저하예방을 위한 표준운동프로그램 개발 및 효과검증 연구

원영신(Won young Shin),도기현(Do ki hyun),홍미화(Hong Mi Hwa),조은영(Cho Eun Young),정문미(Jung Moon Mi) 글로벌시니어건강증진개발원 2012 글로벌시니어건강증진개발원 논문집 Vol.2 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 일상생활 속에서도 누구나 쉽고 편하게 따라 할 수 있는 노인의 신체기능 저하예방 및 개선에 적합한 표준운동프로그램을 개발한 후, 그 효과를 검증하는 것이다. 연구대상은 서울시 마포구 화신경로당에 등록되어 있고, 본 프로그램에 참여한 총 36명(남성노인 10명, 여성노인 26명)의 노인으로 선정하였으며, 평균연령은 77세이다. 프로그램은 2011년 8월 19일부터 10월 18일까지 총 3개월 동안 주 2회씩 12주간, 총 18회를 실시하였으며, 안무가 1명과 보조연구원 1명이 프로그램을 진행하였다. 조사도구는 설문지로 SFT(Senior Fitness Test)를 사용하였으며, 노인 체력 테스트로 본 프로그램의 효과분석을 실시하였고 세부적으로는 상·하체 유연성, 상·하체 근력, 평형성, 민첩성 에 관한 테스트를 실시하였다. 사후검사는 프로그램 18회를 모두 진행하고 10월 18일 프로그램이 종료된 후, 사전검사와 동일한 방법으로 실시하였다. 자료처리는 SPSS Windows 15.0 version 을 이용하여 빈도분석, 대응표본 t-test를 실시하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 참여노인의 체력 요인에 대한 차이분석 결과, 평형성을 제외한 하체유연성, 상체유연성, 하체근력, 상체근력, 평형성, 민첩성 모든 요인에서 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다. 둘째, 참여노인의 신체구성비에 대한 차이 분석 결과, 체지방율과 BMI는 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였고, 기초대사량과 근육량은 유의하게 증가하였다. 또한 체지방량은 감소하여 프로그램에 따른 긍정적인 효과가 검증되었다. The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of poor physical function of the elderly in everyday life that anyone can easily and comfortably suitable for the prevention and improvement to develop a standard exercise program after. Distribution of Hwa-Sin-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul incarnation is registered in the senior center, was selected and a total of 36 patients (10 patients, elderly men and elderly women, n = 26) participated in this program for the elderly, the age range from 61 years to 91-year-old and the average age 77-year-old. Program for three months from August 19, 2011 10 18 in 12 weeks, a total of 18 times, twice a week was conducted by research assistant choreographer with 1 program. Research tool, a detailed questionnaire to the elderly as a fitness test this program was carried out to analyze the effects of SFT (Senior Fitness Test), the upper and lower body flexibility (right, left), upper and lower body strength, balance (right, left), agility test was conducted. Post-inspection program 18 times in the same way as the pre-test and after the program ends Oct. 18, and all proceeds were conducted. Data processing were analyzed using SPSS Windows 15.0 version to the corresponding sample t-test was conducted, and the results are as follows. First, the analysis for differences in participation in physical factors of the elderly, lower body flexibility, balance, except for lower body strength, upper body flexibility, upper body strength, balance, and agility in all factors statistically significantly increased. Second, the difference analysis results for the participation of the elderly in the Composition of the body, was a statistically significant reduction in the percentage of body fat and BMI, basal metabolic rate, muscle mass increased significantly increased. Also reduced body fat, according to the program has a positive effect was verified.

대동맥 협착증과 동반된 출혈성 위장관 동정맥 기형에서 Estrogen-Progesterone 치료 1예

김도연,김화정,김효정,남준식,박수영,박영미,신정은,주미순,황민규,정혜경,손혜영,이선영,이한주 大韓消化器內視鏡學會 1999 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.19 No.부록2

박영진가 개성부기 장부의 분석과 특징: 제1기 거래를 중심으로

정기숙 ( Key-sook Jung ),노병탁 ( Byung T. Ro ),김영화 ( Young-hwa Kim ),임상종 ( Sang-jong Lim ) 한국회계학회 2023 회계저널 Vol.32 No.3

It is well known that the ancestry of Park Young-jin's family was one of the Kaeseong merchants in the area of Goryeo (AD 918-1392) and the descendants of the family still keep an almost complete set of the original books of Kaeseong bookkeeping. Collectively, these books cover a vast volume of records on the business transactions of the family over a period of 24 years and eight months(AD 1887. 8.15. ~ 1912. 4.15.). They consist of Ilgee Jang, Jangchaek, Ju Hoegye, and Kagin Hoegye, among others. All these books are the genuine and original books of Kaeseong bookkeeping. The records in Ilgee Jang are prepared according to the double entry principle or, more generally, the duality of business transactions and the balancing feature of debits and credits. The journal entries are made largely in line with the cash basis of accounting and the principles of bank accounting today. As such, Ilgee Jang is more like a ledger for cash transactions. The increase (decrease) in assets and expenses is recorded and indicated by the letter 去(入). And the increase (decrease) in liabilities, equity, and revenues is recorded and indicated by the letter 入(去). One thing of particular interest, which may be a potential limitation of the Park family books, is that the entry to record interest revenue on loans is not made clear. That is, the interest revenue on loans is computed in advance as the loan is made yet the record thereof is not found in Ilgee Jang but found in Jangchaek later. Because of this, a period-end general trial balance, if prepared, does balance the debits and credits. Another ambiguity is that the entry of interest revenue is not made consistently between Dojung (or Chain) versus other business customers. In the case of the Dojung Hoegye, for example, the term Chaegeup is used to indicate the interest revenue on loans, while another term Daegeo is used in other cases. And In the case of Chaegeup, the entry of the interest revenue is recorded at the time when the loan is made. In the case of Daegeo, however, the interest revenue is recorded when the loan is paid off at the end of the accounting period. The accounting period of the Park Young-jin family business typically ends September 15 each year. However, the books are not closed at each period-end but still left open for the next period. This is somewhat confusing or contrasting to the book (1916) of Hyeon Byeoing-ju on Kaeseong bookkeeping. In his book, Hyeon shows how to close the books at year-end. For example, he shows that the Janchaek of each year is closed and a new Jangchaek is used for the next year. In cases where the same Jangchaek continues to be used in the next period, the individual accounts are marked with the symbol O called Kwonjeom. And if there is any transfer transaction between individual accounts, it is recorded only in Jangchaek, indicated by the word Eerok or Eerae. In summary, the recording of interest revenue on loans in books and the lack of the year-end closing procedures for books in general are the most notable limitation of the Park family books. Other than this, the Park family books are the most complete set of accounting books on Kaeseong bookkeeping in existence, prepared largely according to the double entry principle we use today.

중환자실 병원감염에 대한 다기관 공동 조사연구

박은숙,박미라,진혜영,김정은,최정실,송영구,최영화,이위교,홍성관,허애정,양동규,김준명 대한병원감염관리학회 2003 의료관련감염관리 Vol.8 No.1

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

고령자 남녀와 20대 남녀에 있어서 다양한 등속수축중 최대 모멘트의 비교

金智源(Ji-Won Kim),金相佑(Sang-Woo Kim),文基旭(Ki-Wook Moon),嚴光文(Gwang-Moon Eom),李泳揆(Young-Gyu Lee),南貞淑(Jung-Sook Nam),朴寬龍(Kwan-Yong Park),金耀翰(Yo-Han Kim),洪廷和(Jeong-Hwa Hong),朴炳奎(Bung-Kyu Park) 대한전기학회 2008 전기학회논문지 Vol.57 No.10

In this paper, we investigated the maximum ankle joint plantarflexion moment (MPM) of young and elderly subjects during various modes of isokinetic contractions with special interest in the elderly females who were reported to have higher fall rate than the elderly males. Subjects include the young subjects (14 males: 22.7±2.5yrs, 13 females: 20.5±1.3yrs) and the elderly subjects (17 males: 65.8±10.5yrs, 26 females: 71.4±5.2yrs). The MPM was normalized by each subject's body weight. The MPM of elderly females was the weakest among the groups, particularly, at the eccentric contractions. The male-to-female ratio of MPM was greater in the elderly than in the young and the young-to-elderly ratio of MPM was greater in female than in male, both during the eccentric contractions. The result suggests that the decreased muscle force per body weight, especially at the eccentric contraction, may be one reason for the more frequent fall of the elderly female than the elderly male.

탄성반력의 영향에 따른 직교 이방성 복합판의 고유 진동 해석

정영화,심도식,김경진,이세진 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1997 産業技術硏究 Vol.17 No.-

In this paper, the result of application of vibration method to the orthotropic plates with free edges supported on elastic foundation and with a pair of opposite edges under axial forces is presented. Such plates represent the concrete highway slab and hybrid composite pavement of bridges. The reinforced concrete slab can be assumed as a special orthotropic plate, as a close approximation. The highway slab is supported on elastic foundation, with free boundaries. Sometimes, the pair of edges perpendicular to the traffic direction amy be subject to the axial forces. The plate is subject to the concentrated load/loads, in the form of traffic loads, or the test equipments. Finite difference method is used to obtain the deflection influence surfaces needed for vibration analysis. The influence of the modulus of the foundation, the aspect ration of the plate, and the magnitudes of the axial forces and the concentrated attached mass on the plate, under the natural frequency is thoroughly studied.

레이저 코골이수술 후의 음성변화

손영익,정유석,윤영선,홍성화 대한이비인후과학회 1998 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.41 No.3

현무암을 혼입한 콘크리트의 최적 배합설계를 위한 기초적 연구

정영화,김태경 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1996 産業技術硏究 Vol.16 No.-

The waste basalt might be recycled in concrete, resulting in energy saving and environmental protection. An half Factorial Experiments were performed with the variables of W/C ratio, S/A, Crushed stone/Basalt ratio and Slump as a preliminary study for optimum mix design fo concrete. The resutls show that the W/C ratio is the most important factor to the concrete strenth. The substitute of waste basalt up to 100% has little influence, saying that it can substitute the coarse aggregate without damaging the concrete properties.