조구등이 MCAO 모델 흰쥐에서 gliosis 억제에 미치는 영향

김상우,김선애,송봉근,Kim, Sang-Woo,Kim, Sun-Ae,Song, Bong-Keun 대한한방내과학회 2010 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

Objectives : In condition of brain infarction, irreversible axon damage occurs in central nerve system(CNS), because gliosis becomes physical and mechanical barrier to axonal regeneration. Reactive gliosis induced by ischemic injury such as middle cerebral artery occlusion is involved with up-regulation of GFAP and CD81. The current study is to examine the effect of the Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus on CD81 and GFAP expression in the rat brain following middle cerebral artery occlusion. Methods : In order to study ischemic injuries on brain, infarction was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) using insertion of a single nylon thread, through the internal carotid artery, into a middle cerebral artery. Cresyl violet staining, cerebral infarction size measurement, immunohistochemistry and microscopic examination were used to detect the expression of CD81 and GFAP and the effect on the infarct size and pyramidal cell death in the brain of the rat with cerebral infarction induced by MCAO. Results : The following results were obtained 1. Measuring the size of cerebral infartion induced by MCAO in the rat after injection of Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus showed the size was decreased. 2. Intravenous injection of Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus showed pyramidal cell death protection in the hippocampus in the MCAO rat. 3. Water extract injection of Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus decreased GFAP expression significantly in the MCAO rat. 4. Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus water extract decreased CD81 expression in the MCAO rat. 5. The administration of water extract of Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus induced up-regulation of c-Fos expression significantly compared with MCAO. 6. The admistration of water extract of Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus increased ERK expression significantly compared with MCAO. Conclusion : We observed that Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus could suppress the reactive gliosis, which disturbs the axonal regeneration in the brain of the rat with cerebral infaction after MCAO by controlling the expression of CD81 and GFAP. The effect may be modulated by the up-regulation of c-Fos and ERK. These results suggest that Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus can be a candidate to regenerate CNS injury.

동결 전 단계적 노출처리방법이 유리화동결 및 초급속동결-융해 후 생쥐 성숙난자의 생존력에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김상우,이재익,김미경,이영아,이규섭,윤만수,Kim, Sang-Woo,Lee, Jae-Ik,Kim, Mi-Kyung,Lee, Young-Ah,Lee, Kyu-Sup,Yoon, Man-Soo 대한생식의학회 2000 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.27 No.2

Objective: This study was carried out to compare the effects of the stepwise exposure treatments on the morphological normality, fertilization and blastocyst formation rate of the frozen-thawed mouse mature oocytes by vitrification or ultra-rapid freezing and to use as a fundamental data for the cryopreservation of human oocytes. Materials and Methods: The morphological normality and fertilization rates of the vitrified and ultra-rapid frozen mouse mature oocytes after three-stepwise exposure treatments (1step, 3step and 5step) were observed. After choosing the 3step exposure treatment groups, we observed the morphological normality and fertilization, blastocyst formation rate of the vitrified and ultra-rapid frozen mouse mature oocytes. Results: The morphological normality and fertilization rates of the vitrified mouse mature oocytes after three-stepwise exposure treatments (1step, 3step and 5step) were 75%, 85%, 88% and 58%, 61 %, 54% respectively. There were no significant differences among treatments(p>0.05). The morphological normality and fertilization rate of the control was 92% and 65%. There were no significant differences in fertilization rate among control and treatments (p>0.05). The morphological normality and fertilization rates of the ultra-rapid frozen mouse mature oocytes after three-stepwise exposure treatments (1step, 3step and 5step) were 83%, 83%, 84% and 75%, 63%, 56% respectively. There were no significant differences among treatments (p>0.05). The morphological normality and fertilization rate of the control was 95% and 67%. There were no significant differences among control and treatments (p>0.05). The morphological normality and fertilization rate of the vitrified or ultra-rapid frozen mouse mature oocytes after 3step exposure treatment were 69% and 75%, respectively. The blastocyst formation rate was 60% and 57%. The results did not differ significantly between vitrification and ultra-rapid freezing (p>0.05). Conclusion: As known in the above results, there were no significant differences in the fertilization and blastocyst formation rate of the frozen-thawed mouse mature oocytes by vitrification or ultra-rapid freezing among the control and treatments. It is suggested that vitrification and ultra-rapid freezing method were effective for the cryopreservation of mouse mature oocytes.

무독성 호안블록의 수리학적 안정성에 관한 실험적 연구

김상우,구영민,김영도,박재현,Kim, Sang Woo,Koo, Young Min,Kim, Young Do,Park, Jae Hyeon 대한토목학회 2013 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.33 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 국내 하천 복원의 자연친화적인 설계를 위한 무독성 호안공법의 수리적 안정성을 검토하는 것이다. 최근 들어 공학적 효율 위주의 치수 기능만을 위한 하천관리 정책에서 벗어나 하천의 환경적 기능의 개선을 위한 생태하천 복원사업이 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 신규 호안공법에 대한 부적절한 수리학적 설계기준이 자주 홍수기 경제적 손실을 유발하고 있다. 사석 및 블록의 안정성에 관한 연구는 크게 하천에서 제방, 하상보호, 세굴방지 등의 목적과 바다에서 호안 또는 방조제의 축조에 따라 투하하는 사석의 안정성에 기초를 둔 연구가 대부분이며 경험식으로 이루어져 있다. 본 연구에서는 최고 유속 3.5 m/s인 고속수로를 제작하여 수리실험을 수행하였으며, 무독성 접착제를 이용한 블록공법에 대한 다양한 조건의 수리실험을 통해서 수리적 안정성을 위한 호안블록의 한계유속을 구하였다. The purpose of this study is to examine the hydraulic stability of non-toxic revetment technique for eco-friendly design of the domestic river restoration. Recently, instead of the flood control function-oriented river management policy for the engineering efficiency, the improvement of the environmental performance for the ecological river restoration project is implemented. However, the inappropriate hydraulic design criteria of the new revetment technique happen to the economic losses at flood season frequently. The hydraulic stability of the riprap and the block include the banks of rivers, riverbed protection, scour protection and so on. In this study, the high speed experimental channel was developed, which has the maximum velocity of 3.5 m/s, to perform the hydraulic experiments of the block method with non-toxic glue with various conditions to find the critical velocity of the revetment block for the hydraulic stability.

팔미원(八味元)이 성기능(性機能)과 항피로(抗疲勞)에 미치는 영향(影響)

김상우,두호경,Kim, Sang-Woo,Du, Ho-Kyung 대한한방내과학회 1989 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.10 No.1

It has been known for a long time that Palmiwon water extract can be prescribed for the treatment of deficiency of Yang in oriental medicine. But the exact mechanism of it has not been Known yet. In the present experiments, it was attempted to explain the effect of Palmiwon water extract on the serum Hormone level in rabbits and the antifatigue in mice. Palmiwon water extract oral intake showed a increase of serum hormone level in rabbits and the effects of the antifatigue in mice. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The administration of this medicine was observed to cause continuously a significant increase of the testosterone content in the serum from the 7th day to the 21th day. 2. The estradiol centent in the serum, as compared with the control experiment, was seen to increase significantly by the administration of this medicine from the 7th day to the 21th day. 3. The LH and FSH content in the serum, as compared with the control experiment, indicated a tendency toward an increase by the administration of this medicine from the 7th day to the 21 th day, but with no significant difference. 4. In the effect to Palniwon on the antifatigue in mice, swimming time was prolonged in both sample A, B groups than control group, and significance revealed in both sample A, B groups. These data suggest that Palmiwon water extract can increase serum hormone level and that it can have therapeutic effectiveness to the antifatigue.

나노제너레이터의 연구소개 및 최근 기술동향

김상우,김성수,윤홍준,류한준,Kim, Sang-Woo,Kim, Seongsu,Yoon, Hong Joon,Ryu, Hanjun 한국진공학회 2014 진공 이야기 Vol.1 No.4

Since recent electronics technologies have been developed and they tend to spend huge amount of electrical power, self-powered electronics have been paid attention worldwide. To realize self-powered electronics, energy harvesting technology, which generally converts ambient energy into electrical energy, has to be introduced. Among numerous energy sources, mechanical, thermal, and electrostatic event would be of broad interest in field of energy harvesting. Here, this article introduces the promising alternative energy concepts of nanogenerator including piezoelectric, triboelectric, and hybrid types. With these nanogenerators, we are able to apply onto not only self-powered system, but expect these open green energy market.

정상 성인남자에 있어서 기도청력역치와 혈액점도와의 연관성에 관한 연구

김상우,이종영,박완섭,우극현,Kim, Sang-Woo,Lee, Jong-Young,Park, Wan-Seup,Woo, Kuck-Hyeun 대한예방의학회 1997 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.30 No.3

본 연구는 이질환과 소음에 폭로되지 않은 정상 성인 남자들을 대상으로 연령과 적혈구 일반검사 즉 혈구용적치, 적혈구수, 혈색소 및 기도청력역치의 산술평균과의 관계를 살펴본 단면조사연구이다. 적혈구 일반검사중 혈구용적치의 경우 혈액의 점도와 관계있다고 알려져 있으며 이를 중점적으로 살펴보았다. 연령과 적혈구 일반검사 결과와의 관계에서 혈구용 적치, 적혈구수, 혈색소가 연령이 증가할수록 낮았고 통계적으로 유의하였다. 연령과 청력역치 검사에서는 500Hz를 제외한 나머지 주파수대 및 산술평균값에서 연령이 증가할수록 청력역치가 높음을 볼 수 있었고 통계적으로 유의하였다(p<0.01). 청력역치를 산술평균한 3분법에 기초하여 10, 10dB 미만, $10.0\sim19.9dB$, 20.0dB 이상으로 임의로 3등급한 분류에서 연령대 별로 보여준 적혈구 일반검사의 결과와는 반대로 혈구용적치와 적혈구수가 청력저하가 클수록 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 일반 분산분석시 혈구용적치(p<0.01)의 경우 적혈구수(p<0.05)보다 통계적으로 더 유의한 결과를 보았으며, 연령을 보정한 공분산분석에서 혈구용적치 및 적혈구수 모두 통계적으로도 더욱 유의하였다(p<0.01). 앞으로의 과제는 이를 토대로 산업장의 소음성난청과 혈액의 점도와의 연구가 활발하게 이루어져야 하겠으며 혈구용적치 외 서론에서 언급한 혈액의 점도와 관련된 다른 요인들과 혈압, 고지혈증, 흡연과 같은 심혈관 위험요인들에 대한 연구가 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. 나아가 이런 연구들이 진행되어 산업장에서 소음부서 근로자들에 대한 건강관리에서 기도 청력역치검사와 혈액검사에서 혈구용적치 및 기타 혈액검사의 활용여부 등이 잘 검토되어 소음성난청에 대한 건강관리에 적용되어져야 하겠다고 본다. This is cross-sectional study to evaluate a potential relationship between air conduction hearing threshold and blood viscosity in normal adult males(n=1677). We measured hearing threshold in frequency level at 500, 1000, 2000, 4000Hz by pure-tone audiometry and RBC profiles containing red cell number, hemoglobin, hematocrit. Blood viscosity are replaced by hematocrit that are one major factor of influencing blood viscosity. PTAs(pure-tone averages) are measured by hearing threshold averages level at 500Hz, 1000Hz, 2000Hz. Grades of PTAs(pure-tone averages) are divided three groups that are less then 10.0dB group, between 10.0-19.9dB group and excess 20.0dB. The results shows significant association among hematocrit, red cell number and hearing loss(age adjust by ANACOVA).

신경회로망을 이용한 인쇄체 한글 문자의 인식

김상우,전윤호,최종호,Kim, Sang-Woo,Jeon, Yun-Ho,Choi, Chong-Ho 대한전자공학회 1990 전자공학회논문지 Vol. No.

이 논문에서는 인쇄체 한글문자 인식에 있어서 신경회로망의 적용가능성을 알아 보았다. 한글 문자수의 과다와 그들 사이의 유사성, 많은 입력 영상 데이타 등으로 인하여 신경회로망을 한글인식에 적용시키는데는 많은 난점이 따른다. 한글 문자의 이진영상은 신경회로망의 입력으로 사용하기에는 그 데이타 수가 너무 많으므로 입력 영상으로부터 DC 성분을 추출하여 이것을 신경회로망의 입력으로 사용하기 위한 전처리과정을 두었다. 출력층은 한글의 특성에 맞도록 구성하였다. 한글인식에 도입된 신경회로망은 다층인식자이고, 적용된 훈련방법은 BEP 알고리듬을 한글인식에 적절하도록 변형시킨 형태이다. 이 방법을 통하여 정위치에 있는 2,300개 이상의 문자를 인식할 수 있었다. 이 결과로부터 신경회로망을 이용한 인쇄체 한글문자 인식은 적절한 방법임을 알 수 있다. The potential of neural networks for the recognition of the printed Korean characters is examined. In spite of good classification capability of neural networks, it is difficult to train a neural network to recognize Korean characters. The difficulty is due to a large number of Korean characters, the similarities among the characters, and the large number of data from the character images. To reduce the input image data, DC components are extracted from each input images. These preprocessed data are used as input to the neural network. The output nodes are composed to represent the characteristics of Korean characters. A MLP (multilayer perceptron) with one hidden layer was trained with a modified BEP algorithm, This method gives good recognition rate for the standard positioned characters of more than 2,300. The result shows that neural networks are well suited for the recognition of printed Korean characters.

다분절 퇴행성 경추질환에서의 전방 금속판 사용 유무에 따른 환자의 예후분석

김상우,김성민,신동익,조용준,심영보,최선길,Kim, Sang Woo,Kim, Sung Min,Shin, Dong Ik,Cho, Yong Jun,Shim, Young Bo,Choi, Sun Kil 대한신경외과학회 2001 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.30 No.12

Objectives : The rates of pseudarthrosis for two- and three level fusion have been reported to be 17-63 and 50% without anterior cervical plating. The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of anterior cervical plating in the treatment of multilevel degenerative cervical disease such mostly the additional risks associated with hardware implants and its benefits, fusion rate and radiographic results, and clinical outcomes. Methods : Forty-seven patients who underwent operations between 1993 and 1997 were retrospectively reviewed. The technique for operation was same for both groups(Smith Robinson with autologous iliac bone graft). Group I consisted of 35 consecutive patients treated with anterior cervical decompression and fusion with anterior cervical plate fixation. Group II consisted of 12 consecutive patients treated without plate fixation. We compared clinical outcomes by Prolo score, radiographic results in the rate of fusion, cervical lordosis by Gore angle, disc height by Farfan method, and surgical complications between two groups. Results : The favorable clinical outcomes(excellent and good) by Prolo score were observed with the use of anterior cervical plate fixation(89% vs 75%). The successful fusion rate of multilevel cervical fusion was as seen with anterior cervical plate fixation(97% vs 75%). The overall graft complication rate in multilevel fusions was decreased, with anterior cervical plate fixation, and the hardware related complications were relatively minimal without serious consequences. Conclusion : Anterior cervical plate fixation in the treatment of multilevel cervical disorders is an effective stabilizing method which provides increased bony fusion rate, decreased graft complications, maintained cervical lordosis, early mobilization of the these patients without serious hardware related complications.

클러스터 기반 분산 컴퓨팅 구조에서의 이동 객체 데이타베이스의 실시간 모니터링과 버퍼링 기법

김상우,전세길,박승용,이충우,황재일,나연묵,Kim, Sang-Woo,Jeon, Se-Gil,Park, Seung-Yong,Lee, Chung-Woo,Hwang, Jae-Il,Nah, Yun-Mook 한국공간정보학회 2006 한국공간정보시스템학회 논문지 Vol.8 No.2

LBS (Location-Based Service) systems have become a serious subject for research and development since recent rapid advances in wireless communication technologies and position measurement technologies such as global positioning system. The architecture named the GALIS (Gracefully Aging Location Information System) has been suggested which is a cluster-based distributed computing system architecture to overcome performance losses and to efficiently handle a large volume of data, at least millions. The GALIS consists of SLDS and LLDS. The SLDS manages current location information of moving objects and the LLDS manages past location information of moving objects. In this thesis, we implement a monitoring technique for the GALIS prototype, to allow dynamic load balancing among multiple computing nodes by keeping track of the load of each node in real-time during the location data management and spatio-temporal query processing. We also propose a buffering technique which efficiently manages the query results having overlapped query regions to improve query processing performance of the GALIS. The proposed scheme reduces query processing time by eliminating unnecessary query execution on the overlapped regions with the previous queries. 최근 무선 기술과 측위 기술의 발전에 따라 위치 기반 서비스에 대한 관심이 크게 증가하고 있다. 기존 연구의 단일 노드 기반 시스템으로는 처리하기 힘든 휴대폰 사용자와 같은 최소 백만 단위 이상의 대용량의 객체를 처리하기 위해 클러스터 기반 분산 컴퓨팅 구조로 GALIS가 제안되었다. GALIS는 이동 객체의 현재 위치정보를 관리하는 SLDS와 과거 시간의 흐름에 따라 과거 위치정보를 관리하는 LLDS로 구성된다. SLDS와 LLDS는 분산된 다수의 노드로 구성되며 각 노드는 독립된 지역에 위치한 이동객체의 정보를 관리한다. 본 논문에서는 GALIS 프로토타입에 모니터링 기법을 적용하여 각 노드가 관리하는 이동 객체수의 변동에 따른 위치 정보관리 및 시공간 질의 처리시 각 노드에 걸리는 부하를 모니터링 함으로써 각 노드의 역할을 동적으로 조정할 수 있게 각 노드별 이동 객체 처리상황 및 부하를 관리한다. 또, GALIS 질의 처리 서브시스템 성능 향상을 위해 질의 처리 결과를 버퍼링하여 연속된 질의 처리시 발생할 수 있는 중첩된 질의 영역을 관리하는 버퍼링 기법을 제안한다. 버퍼링 기법을 통해 수행되는 질의는 중첩된 질의 영역을 제외한 부분으로 나누어 수행하기 때문에 시스템으로부터 구해야 하는 결과 세트의 크기를 줄여주는 역할을 하여 질의 처리 수행시간이 감소하도록 질의 처리 과정을 개선한다.

선천성 장폐쇄 및 협착에 대한 임상적 고찰

김상우,정풍만,Kim, Sang-Woo,Jung, Poong-Man 대한소아외과학회 1997 소아외과 Vol.3 No.2

Seventy neonates with congenital intestinal atresia and stenosis who were treated at pediatric surgical service. Hanyang University Hospital from September 1979 to December 1996 were analyzed retrospectively. The lesion occurred in 27 cases at the duodenum, in 26 cases at the jeiunum, in 13 cases at the ileum and in 2 cases at the pylorus and colon each. There were 10 multiple atresias and 7 apple-peel anomaly cases. The atresia predominated over the stenosis by the ratio of 4 : 1. Male to female ratio was 1.3 : 1. The average gestational age was 38 weeks, and the average birth weight was 2,754 grams. Though 22.9 % were borne prematurely and 34.3 % had low birth weight, 92.3 % of them had a weight appropriate for gestational age. Polyhydramnios(40 %) was more frequently observed in duodenal and jeiunal atresia while microcolon in ileal atresia(58.3 %). Weight loss and electrolyte imbalance occurred more frequently in the duodenal stenosis cases because of delayed diagnosis. Twenty(55.6 %) of 37 jeiunoileal atresia cases had evidence of intrauterine vascular accident : 4 intrauterine intussusception, 3 intrauterine volvulus and 3 strangulated intestine in gastroschisis, and 10 cases of intrauterine peritonitis. There were one or more associated anomalies in 45 patients (64.3 %). Preoperatively proximal loop volvulus developed in 3 cases and proximal loop perforation in 5 cases and one case each of distal loop perforation, duodenal perforation and midgut volvulus occurred in the jeiunoileal atresia. Overall mortality rate was 20 %.