동아시아 금융협력의 의미와 전망

조용균 국립외교원 외교안보연구소 2005 (KINU) 정책연구시리즈 Vol.2004 No.1

조산아의 원인과 예후에 관한 연구

조용균,전명권 인제대학교 1993 仁濟醫學 Vol.14 No.4

신생아 사망 및 유병율의 가장 중요한 요인인 조산아의 원인에 대해 연구분석하여 조산을 예방할 수 있는 가능한 비율 및 방법을 찾고자 하였으며, 재태연령 및 출생체중에 따른 조산아의 생존율을 조사하여 조산아의 처치에 기준을 두기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. We dertermined the causes and outcome of 288 cases of preterm infants at Sangye Paik Hospital from Jan. 1 to Dec. 31, 1991. The results were as follows : 1.When the preterm births were divided by etiology, 48.6% followed spontaneous PROM, 31.9% followed spontaneous preterm labor, and 19.4% were indicated. 2.Of 288 preterm infants, 56.6% occured at 35-36 weeks, 30.9% at 31-34 weeks, and 12.5% at or before 30 weeks. 3.Of 13.9% of preterm births following spontaneous onset of labor before 35 weeks' gestation, 5.9% were at less than 3cm dilatation. 4.The neonatal mortality was 185.19 per 1000 live births in indicated delivery, 71.43 in PROM and 86.96 in spontaneous labor. 5.The survival rate was 25% at 26-27 weeks, 54% at 28-30 weeks and over 90% after 31 weeks. 6.When the survival rate was divided according: to birth weight, 28% in 900-1100gm, 60% in 1101-1500gm, 91% in 1501-2000gm, and 99.5% over 2000gm. 7.To increase the suvival rate of preterm infants, the minimal gestastional age should be 27 weeks' gestation and the birth weight be 900gm.

노인입원환자의 항생제 사용양상분석

조용균,박병주,정귀옥,구혜원,김대성,배종면 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.1

목적 : 부산지역의 65세 이상 노인 입원환자를 대상으로 항생제 처방의 실태를 분석함으로써 현행 항생제 사용의 일반적인 양상-항생제의 처방 양상과 시계열적 변화, 일인당 처방약물의 일일평균복용량과 처방기간, 병용처방의 빈도와 양상-을 파악하고자 하였다. 방법 : 의료보험관리공단의 피보험자 혹은 피부양자로서 부산 지역에 거주하고 있는 65세 이상의 노인 인구집단을 연구대상으로 하여, 이들에 대해 연구 시작시점(1993년 1월 1일)으로부터 2년 동안의 의료보험급여 청구자료를 이용하여 진단명과 약물처방내용 등을 포함하는 전산 자료기지(database)를 구축하여 약물복용내역에 관한 정보를 비교적 신뢰할 수 있다고 판단되는 입원환자에 대한 항생제 처방양상을 분석하였다. 결 과 : 1993-94년 입원한 환자 중에 한 번이라 도 항생제를 처방받볼 환자의 비을은 51.4%었다 전체 항생제 처방건수 중 경구용 항생제는 penicillin계 항생제(21%), quinolone(18%), 1세대 cephalosporin(14%), 2세대 cephalosporin(9.2%) 순으로 처방되었고, 주사용 항생제는 amicoglycoside 계(39%), 1세대 세대 cephalosporin(19%), penicillin계(10%), β-lactamase inhibitor계(9%), 2세대 cephalosporin(7%) 순으로 처방되었다. 경구용 항생제의 1993-94년 월별 처방건수의 상대빈도는 penicillin계 항생제의 사용은 상대적으로 줄어들고 있고, cephalospnrin계 항생제는 증가하고 있으며 이는 주로 2세대와 3세대 cephalosporin의 증가에 기인한다. 주사용 항생제의 상대빈도는 aminoglycoside와 penicillin계 항생제의 사용은 감소하고 있으나 2세대와 3세대 cephalosporin은 증가하는 양상을 보인다. 의료기관별 항생계의 평균 일일복용량은 전체적으로 비슷하였다. 의료기관별 복용기간은 전체적으로 3차 의료기관이 2차 의료기관에 비해 길었다. 항생제 병용처방의 빈도는 56.2%고 aminoglycoside가 38.1%로 가장 많이 처방되었다. 결론 : 첫째, 노인 입원환자의 높은 항생제 처방률과 2, 3세대 cephalosporin 사용의 증가 추세는 항생제 내성균의 출현을 유도하고 의료비 상승을 초래하므로 향후 항생제의 적정처방에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 또한 내성균의 발생에 대한 미생물학적 자료에 대한 고찰과 항생제 사용과의 연관성에 대한 연구가 보완되고 항생제 사용양상의 변화에 따른 비용-편익분석이 이루어져야 한다. 둘째, 노인환자에서 항생제의 병용처방은 부작용 발생의 가능성을 높인다는 점에서 중요하며 특히 적응증의 범위가 좁고 노인환자에서 부작용의 가능성이 높은 항생제 중에서 aminoglycoside에 대한 부작용 감시와 연구가 이루어져야 한다. 셋째, 국내의 전체적인 항생제 사용양상을 파악하기 위해서 이 연구에서 제외된 약국과 외래처방에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 특히 약국에서 주로 처방되는 penicillin계 항생제와 tetracycline, macrolide에 대한 추후 조사를 해야만 항생체에 대한 전체적인 사용양상을 알수 있다고 판단된다. Background : The most important problem related to antibiotic use is the emergence of antibiotic resistance, and others are toxicity of antibiotics, induction of secondary superinfections and high cost. To improve these dilemmas, appropriate antibiotic use is required. This study was designed to describe antibiotic use at community hospitals and clinics in 1993-1994 for conducting the Drug Utilization Review@uR) of the geriatric inpatients aged 65 or more who were beneficiaries of the Korea Medical Insurance Corporation(KMIC) residing in Pusan City. Methods : Computerized database of the drug prescription on the study population had been constructed through inputting the information on the claims data from the medical institutions to the KMIC. The outcomes of data analysis were the pattern of prescribing antibiotics including the dosage, duration of prescribed antibiotics and change of antibiotic use, and polypharmacy. The analysis was also performed by age, sex and type of medical institution. Results : The study population consisted of 4,262 inpatients. The admission rate of geriatric population was about 9 persons/100 person-year. The proportion of patients prescribed antibiotics was 51.4%. The most frequently prescribed oral antibiotics was penicillin-derivatives, followed by quinolones and 1?? generation cephalosporins. And overall, aminoglycosides and 1?? generation cephalosporins were the most commonly prescribed parented antibiotics. The trend of oral antibiotics use for 2 years showed that the relative use of peniciilin-derivatives decreased while that of cephalosporins increased mainly due to 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins. In parented antibiotics, the relative use of penicilln-derivatives and aminoglycosides decreased and that of 2^(nd) and 3^(rd) generation cephdosporn increased. The proportion of β-lactamase inhibitor, 2^(nd), 3^(rd) generation cephlosporin and quinolone prescriptions was higher in tertiary than secondary hospitals. Over& average daily dose of antibiotics was equal in both institutions and duration of antibiotic use was longer in tertiary hospitals than secondary hospitals. The frequency of combination therapy was 56.2% and the most commonly combined antibiotics were amhoglycosides. Conclusion : Because of high proportion of inpatients prescribed antibiotics, increased use of 2^(nd) and 3^(rd) generation cephalosporins and high frequency of combined aminoglycoside therapy, appropriateness of prescriptions should be studied by comparing microbial susceptibilities with antimicrobial use patterns.

성인의 복잡성 복강내 감염증의 치료에서 Ertapenem 단독투여와 Ceftriaxone과 Metronidazole 병용투여의 안전성과 유효성 평가를 위한 다기관, 공개, 무작위, 비교 임상연구

조용균,이정남,서성옥,김선회,장진영,김상걸,윤영국,이우정,김민자 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.6

Background : Ertapenem, a novel β-lactam agent with a wide range of activity, has a pharmacokinetic profile and antimicrobial spectrum that support its potential use as a once-a-day agent for the treatment of common mixed aerobic and anaerobic pathogens encountered in intraabdominal infections. Materials and Methods : The prospective, randomized, controlled, open, and multicenter trial was conducted to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of ertapenem with ceftriaxone plus metronidazole as therapy before or following adequate surgical management of complicated intraabdominal infections. Results : One hundred sixty-three patients were included in the modified intent-to-treat population, of which 134 were clinically evaluable. Patients with a wide range of infections were enrolled; perforated appendicitis or periappendiceal abscess were most common. As for the modified intent- to-treat groups, 71 of 72 (98.6%) patients treated with ertapenem and 73 of 80 (91.3%) treated with ceftriaxone/metronidazole showed favorable clinical response. Conclusion : In this study, the efficacy of ertapenem was equivalent to ceftriaxone plus metronidazole in the treatment of complicated intraabdominal infections. Ertapenem was generally well tolerated and had a similar safety and tolerability profile compared to ceftriaxone plus metronidazole. The results of this trial suggest that ertapenem could be considered as a useful option that could eliminate the need for combination and/or multi-dosed antibiotic regimens for the empiric treatment of complicated intraabdominal infections.

子宮腺筋症의 臨床的 考察

趙庸均,辛源春,金鐘國,劉泰煥,金福麟,李鴻均 인제대학교 1994 仁濟醫學 Vol.15 No.2

부인과 질환중 상당한 비율을 차지하고 있는 자궁선근증의 빈도, 증상, 동반된 질환 및 수술전 진단의 가능성 등을 조사하여 수술전 진단의 정확성을 높임으로써 효과적인 치료를 할 수 있게 하기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하게 되었다. Adenomyosis is a singular disease whose diagnosis frequently eludes the physician. In spite of the fact that it causes distressing and often serious functional disturbances requiring major operation for correction, many physicians, even gynecologists, tend to neglect the possibilty of this entity Adenomyosis was encountered in 199 cases or 25.5% of the surgically removed uteri from women who had been admitted to Sanggye Paik Hospital from Sep. 1, 1989, to Dec. 31, 1992. The peak incidence was in the fifth decade (51.8%), in late reproductive life or early menopausal years. Of the 199 patients, 186 (93.5%) were parous and 13 (6.5%) were nulliparous. Menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, pelvic pain, lumbago, and dysmenorrhea were common symptoms in this study and 17 patients (8.6%) had no symptoms. In comparing uterine weight in those cases wish and without associated myoma, we find the distribution is similar in both groups except for a larger number of uteri in the "under 120gms without myoma" category. Preoperative diagnosis of the adenomyosis was possible in only 3.5% Leiomyoma was the most common associated disease with adenomyosis and the incindence was 39.7%. Proliferative phase of the endometrium was the most frequent endometrial findings, an incidence of 51.8%, and the secretory phase, 29.1%.

태아 곤란증의 진단 하에 제왕절개술을 시행하려고 할 때 진단방법 및 기준

조용균 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.3

Fetal distress is too broad and vague to be applied with any precision to clinical situation and diagnosis that implies that fetus is in jeopardy of either dying or of significant morbidity if something is not done soon. Nearly 40 years later, Electronic Fetal Monitoring(EFM) is universal presence in labor and delivery suites. Wheareas EFM is the best modality available, it is a non-specific and indirect way to identify hypoxia and acidosis. Fetal scalp blood pH measurement is "Gold standard" method of evaluating fetal status during periods of nonreassuring cardiotocogram patterns in the sense of intra-partum acid-base assessment, but is not well accepted by obstetrician because of its invasiveness and technical difficulty. Therefore, fetal pulse oximety was introduced for the purpose of measuring fetal arterial oxygen saturation more and allow us to act more appropriately for the fetus truly in need of intervention(in cases of pathologic cardiotocographic tracings). I conclude from my review of the reference articles that diagnostic criteria of fetal distress for emergency cesarean section or immediate delivery are 1) Dellinger's fetal distress FHR pattern, 2) Berkus' abnormal FHR pattern 3) FSpO2〈 30% for 10 minutes or longer and 4) Fetal scalp lactate 〉4.8m㏖/L (Lactate Pro method).

제10차 춘계 학술대회 초록집 : 포스터발표 2 ; 간암세포주에서 신호전달체계의 차단이 Bax와 Bcl-2의 발현에 미치는 영향

조용균,손원,이학현,박재일,한성희,손주현,김병익,이동후 대한간학회 2004 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.10 No.3(S)

羊膜內 感染이 早期陳痛에 미치는 影響에 關한 硏究

趙庸均,崔勳,金福麟,李鴻均 인제대학교 1993 仁濟醫學 Vol.14 No.2

조기진통으로 인한 조산은 신생아 사망율 및 유병율의 가장 큰 원인일 뿐만 아니라 이로 인한 경제적 손실도 막대하므로, 조기진통의 원인은 필히 밝혀져야 할 과제인 것으로써, 양막내감염이 조기진통의 원인이 될 수 있는지를 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하게 되었다. Prematurity is the leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Recently many investigators have noted the presence of asymptomatic infection particularly associated with preterm labor. Amniotic fluid was obtained by transabdominal amniocentesis from 50 pregnant women with preterm labor and intact membranes who have been admitted to Sanggye Paik Hospital from Jan. 1, 1992, to Aug. 31, 1992. Their gestational ages ranged from 20 to 36 weeks. The prevalence of a positive amniotic fluid culture was 12% (6/50), and 23.8% (5/21) of patients having delivered preterm neonates had positive amniotic fluid cultures. The isolated organism were Staphylococcus aureus, Bacteroides, E. coli, Candida albicans, and Fusobacterium. Women with positive amniotic fluid cultures had lower gestational ages and more advanced cervical dilatation on admission than women with negative cultures. Preterm infants born to mothers with positive amniotic fluid cultures had a higher incidence of neonatal complications such as respiratory distress syndrome and infection than preterm infants born with negative amniotic fluid cultures. This study reveals that an intraamniotic infection, which is often subclinical in nature, is a major etiologic factor for preterm delivery.

유라실아조계 항균성 분산염료 구조를 도입한 폴리우레탄의 합성 및 물성 연구

조용균,김민세,오사랑,염기철,김상천,이주연,김형주,고준석 한국섬유공학회 2023 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.60 No.1

Two uracil-based antimicrobial azo disperse dyes were synthesized using 6- aminouracil and 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil as diazo components, and they were incorporated to the backbone of polyurethane to synthesize antimicrobial polyurethane. The chemical structures of the synthesized dyes and polyurethanes were confirmed through FT-IR and 1H-NMR analysis, and their molecular weight, contact angle and thermal degradation were examined using GPC, TGA, contact angle measurement device, respectively. The fibrous membrane structure of the electro-spun polyurethane membranes were confirmed by FE-SEM, and their antibacterial test results showed excellent antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. However, the color intensity of polyurethane containing a uracilazo dye moiety in its backbone was found to be poor due to its inherently low molar absorption coefficient.

Synthesis of Metalloporphyrin-Based POPs and Their CO₂ Adsorption and Conversion Properties

조용균,염기철,변현우,최이진,고준석 한국고분자학회 2023 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.48 No.2