[논문]Operational Characteristics of CO2 Laser Adopted by Superposing-Discharge

Hee-Je Kim,Hyun-Ju Chung,Byoung-Dae Min,Jong-Han Joung,Sung- lun Park 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2003 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.62 No.-

오늘날 현저한 CO2 레이저의 응용 추세에 발맞추어 보다 다양한 형태의 출력 제어 기술이 대두되고 있다. 본연구에서는multi-Pulse Superposing-Discharge 기술을 이용하여 다양한형태의 CO2 레이저의 펄스를 성형 하였다. 펄스 성형을 위한 방법으로 PIC one-chip microprocessor를 이용하여 삼중 PFN 모률의 SCR을 각각 고유의 지연시간을 가지도록 제어하였다. 실험에 사용된 삼중 PFN 모률의 전원 회로는 각각 캐패시터 인덕터,SCR,고압 펄스 트랜스 그리고 고압 트랜스 2차측에 브릿지 정류기로 구성 하였다. 고압 펼스 트랜스의 1차측을 제어하므로서 PFN 모률의 동작을 저 전압에서 수행 할 수 있다. 트랜스의 2차측에 연결된 전파 정류기는 펄스 에너지를 부하에 지속적으로 전달한다. 본 연구에서는 삼중 PFN 모률의 각각의 SCR을 다른 시간 가격을 두고 트리거 하므로서 다양한 Long pulse shaping을 실현하였다. 또한 약 250-1000μs 의 주기를 가지는 다양한 펄스형 레이저 빔을 얻었다.

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

19세 환자의 골성 변화를 동반한 선천성 사경의 치료 : 증례보고

정필현,배성한,문상호 東國大學校 1998 東國論叢 Vol.37 No.-

Congenital muscular torticollis has been recognized for centuries and has been the subject of many reports. Controversy remains regarding the indications for conservative or operative treatment, the regarding the indications for conservative or operative treatment, the surgical procedure of choice and the ultimate results. The optimal time for surgery is between 1 and 4 years and most children treated before the age of 1 year respond well to conservative treatment. However, there has been very limited experience in terms of what kind of results one can expect in the management of the older child. The authors reviewed a case of neglected 19-year-old congenital muscular torticollis who has fibrotic band, bony deformity on clavicle, facial asymmetry and cervical scoliosis due to contracture of sternocleidomastoid muscle. Although articles showed that the best results can be expected in children<4 years of age, we believe that surgery should be offered to those of older age as well. Although facial asymmetry is unlikely to improve, these patients benefit from tilt and have increased range of neck movement by surgery, physiotherapy, short-term Halter traction and cervical collar.

항산화제 섭취가 탈진적 운동 시 장딴지근의 GPx 및 GR의 활성에 미치는 영향

정성태,김연수,이왕록,박익렬,강현주 서울대학교 체육연구소 2001 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.22 No.1

The purpose of this present study was to investigate the effect of maximal exercise and a long-term antioxidants supplementation on antioxidant enzyme(GPx and GR) activity of gastrocnemius muscle in rats. Twenty four male Sprague-Dawley rats(4 weeks old) were used as subjects. The subjects were divided into 4 groups such as, CON(n=6 in control group), NAE(n=6 in non antioxidants exercise group), AC(n=6 in antioxidants control group) or AE(n=6 in antioxidants exercise group). Non-antioxidants group(CON & NAE) fed general food(Samyang, Inc., Korea) for 16 weeks. Antioxidants group(AC & AE) fed the general food and the mixed antioxidants which were consist of vitamin E(200 lu/kg/day), vitamin C(50 mg/rat/day), vitamin B6(250 ug/kg/day), β carotene(300 mg/kg/day) and selenomethionine(0.1 mg/mg/day), The weight of each subject group was weighed 2-3 times per week. After the diet experiment for 16 weeks, exercise groups(NAE & AE) completed acute treadmill running(speed increased gradually to 25 m/min, 15% uphill grade, ∼50±10 min) until exhaustion. Immediately after exhaustive treadmill exercise, all the subjects were sacrificed for the isolation of gastrocnemius. Then, GPx(Glutathione Peroxidase) and GR(Glutathione Reductase) of the gastrocnemlus muscle were assayed. The protein concentration in the muscle and heart was determined by the Lowry method. After finishing the analysis of antioxidant activity, statistical analysis was carried out by two-way ANOVA and independant t-test. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: Maximal exercise increased the GPx and GR activity of gastrocnemius muscle, Further, a long-term antioxidants supplementation more significantly increased the GPx and GR activity of gastrocnemius muscle than those of non-antioxidants group. In conclusion, the present results clearly show that the exhaustive maximal exercise gave rise to increase oxidative stress which led to oxidative damage so that the antioxidant enzyme activity of gastrocnemius muscle were increased. Further, it has been found that the long-term antioxidants supplementation could decrease oxidative stress in the tissues so that the antioxidant enzyme activity of skeletal muscles was more increased.

영지버섯(Ganoderma Iucidum) 생장점으로부터 분리한 단백다당류의 면역활성

정경수,김상범,정수현 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1997 藥學論文集 Vol.13 No.-

Two protein-polysaccharide fractions. GLA and GLB, respectively, were prepared from the pileus of the fully grown carpophores and the tips of the growing carpophores of Ganoderma lucidum. At a dose of 100 ㎎/㎏/day ip. GLA and GLB inhibited the growth of sarcoma 180 solid tumor in ICR mice by 56.3% and 81.8%, respectively. In a flow cytometric (FCM) analysis. GLA and GLB enhanced the formation of lymphoblasts of BALB.c splenic leukocytes at a concentration of 100㎍/㎖, by 38.3% and 61.3%, respectively. When ip injected into ICR mice. GLB exerted anti-leukopernic effect against cyclopospamide (75 ㎎/㎏/day ip) in that the leukocyte counts of the peripheral blood of the normal and the cycloposphamide-treated mice, respectively, was (11.1±3.8)×10 exp(3) and (4.0±1.8)×10 exp(3), while the GLB-cyclophosphamide treated mice showed a leukocyte count of (10.8±5.1)×10 exp(3) cells/㎕. These results suggest that GLB is a promising candidate for an effective cancer immunotherapeutic agent.

Gerrit T. Rietveld의 건축조형특성에 관한 연구 : 1920년대 초기 가구와 건축작품을 중심으로 Focused on Early Furniture and Architecture in 1920's

정혜은,이용재,양상현 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 2003 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this study is the plastic characteristics in architecture of Gerrit T. Rietveld focused on early works. Gerrit T. Rietveld was furniture designer and architecture that played an active part in De Stijl. And he was famous for De Stijl's member with Piet Mondrian and Theo van Doesburg. Specially, early works of Gerrit T. Rietveld influenced a plastic methods by De Stijl. The results of this study are as follows. Gerrit T. Rietvel tried developing composition of the three dimensions space to abstract painting. As a result of his try, probably the first actual building to embody the full range of De stijl formal, spatial and iconographic intentions was therefore the Schröder House. Gerrit T. Rietveld expressed 'dematerility' to architecture as well as furniture. So he could complete works of art including function.

毒草 給與가 돼지의 增體, 屠體品質 및 經濟性에 미치는 影響

鄭鉉承 진주산업대학교 1985 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

本 試驗은 養豚不況期에 靑草를 給與하므로서 維持飼養을 通한 農家所得에 미치는 效果를 究明코저 本 大學에서 生産한 同腹離乳存豚8頭(??4??4)를 配合飼料單飼區에 2類, 靑草給與區에 6類를 供試하여 1985年 7月 3日 ~同年 11月 18日(138日間)에 걸쳐 增體量, 飼料攝取量, 飼料效率, 血液像, 屠體品質, 生豚販賣價格과 屠肉販賣價格比較, 存豚販賣時와 肥育豚生産販賣價格比較및 經濟性分析 等을 調査한바 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. 日當增體量은 靑草給與區(0.55~0.58㎏)가 對照區(0.48㎏)보다 높았으나 有意差는 없었다. 2. 飼料攝取量은 靑草給與區(269~282㎏)가 對照區(263㎏)보다 若干 높게 나타났다. 3. 飼料效率은 靑草給與區가 (3.4~3.45) 對照區(3.95)보다 높게 나타났다. 4. 靑草給與를 하므로서 體重 1㎏ 增體當 飼料費가 對照區보다 108~182원이 節減되었다. 5. 供試豚의 血液像은 異狀이 없었다. 6. 背脂階層은 靑草給與區(1.0~1.1)가 對照區(1.3)보다 減少하였다. 7. 屠體形質에 있어서 生體重은 靑草給與를 많이 할수록 높게 나타났으나 枝肉率과 精肉率은 配合飼料만 먹인 區가 높게 나타났다. 8. 生豚販賣價格은 對照區보다 試驗區에서 靑草生産및 給與人件費를 除外하였을 때 頭當 10,000원의 純利益을 나타내었고 屠肉販賣價格은 手數料除外時에 生豚販賣價格보다 10,000원의 純利益이 나타나므로서 屠肉販賣時에는 頭當 20,000원의 純利益을 나타내었다. 9. 仔豚販賣價格(30,000)보다 肥肉豚生産販賣價格(150,000원)이 仔豚費와 飼料費(40,000원)를 除外하였을때 80,000원의 利益이 나타나 自家生産仔豚을 利用할때 購入時보다 30,000원의 純利益을 나타내었다. 以上의 結果를 보아서 遊休山地와 遊休耕作地에 草地造成과 飼料作物栽培및 飼料木開發等으로 自給飼料를 利用하므로 飼料費節減, 飼料效率改善, 增體效果및 良質肉生産에 寄與할 수 있을 것으로 思料되며 不況期 養豚의 問題點을 解決할 수 있는 一 方案이 될 것으로 思料된다. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of green fodder feeding on body weight gain, carass quality and economical efficiency on the basis of the data obtained from the 8 pigs of the same litter allocated to 2 pigs in the only formula feed group and 6 pigs in the formula feed plus green fodder group form the third of july, 1985 to the 18th of November, 1985(138days) at Chinju Agricultral& Forestry Technical College. The results obtained were as follows: Daily body weight, feed consumption and feed efficiency were higher in the green fodder group than in the only formula feed group and nonsignicant differences(p>0.05)between two groups. Feed cost per 1 ㎏ weight gain was cut down to about 108-182 won by feeding the green fodder. The blood picture was normal in the two groups and the fat thickness was thinner in the green fodder group than in the only formula feed group. Though carcass and meat percentage in carcass quality were higher in the formula feed group than in the green fodder group, the selling price of live weight had a net gain of 10,000 won by feeding green fodder and of carcass, 20,000 won expect the green fodder production and labor cost. It had more a net gain of 20,000 won by selling finishing pig than pig at weaning(56days). It was suggested from the results obtained as above that it seem to contribute to curtailment of feed cost, reformation of feet efficiency, body weight effect and high grade meat production by utilizing selfsupplying feed by pasture establishment, forage crops clutivation and forage tree development in the idle mountains and cultivated land, and to slightly solve problems of swine farming in the depression season.

비확공성 골수강내 금속정을 이용한 폐쇄성 경골 간부 골절의 치료

정필현,황정수,채동주,문상호 東國大學校 1998 東國論叢 Vol.37 No.-

Most of closed fractures of the tibial shaft can be treated successfully with medullary nails. Reamed intramedullary nailing technique has become a good alternative method in treating the close tibial fracture. Unreamed interlocking intramedullary nailing has been employed successfully in the treatment of open tibial fractures. This study was undertaken to evaluate the result of interlocking intramedullary nailing without reaming in the treatment of closed fractures of the tibial shaft. From 1995 through 1998, fifty four cases of the closed, displace tibial fractures were treated by an unreamed intramedullary nailing and the average follow-up period was 1 year and 5 months(ranged from 12 months to 27 months). The results were as follows : 1. Fifty four cases were treated with closed, unreamed nailing technique and the nail which has 1mm smaller diameter than isthmic width of unaffected tibia was choosen. 2. The average time to bony union was achieved at 17 weeks without abundant periosteal b callus formation. 3. Eight tibiae were required the additional procedure such as autogenous bone graft, skin graft or local skin flap. We also have observed the screw breakage of ten tibiae but there were no intraoperative jamming or incarceration and no significant complicaton such as bending or breakage of the nail, shortening or non-union of the fractures. In conclusion, unreamed technique is an attractive method to treat the close, displaced fractures of the tibial shaft. 경골 간부 골절의 치료에 있어서 견고한 내 고정으로 조기 관절운동 및 체중 부하를 통해 골절 유합 및 기능 회복을 도모할 수 있는 골수강내 금속정 고정술이 널리 사용되어지고 있다. 골수강내 금속정술의 장점은 술 후 조기 관절운동과 체중 부하가 가능하여 이환율(morbidity)을 감소시키며 불유합의 발생률이 낮아는 것이다. 경골 간부 골절의 치료에 있어서 비확공성 금속정 고정술은 주로 심한 연부 조직 손상을 동반한 골절 및 개방성 골절의 치료에 적용되어지고 있으며, 대부분의 폐쇄성 경골 간부 골절의 치료로는 골수강 확공 후 골수강을 충만시키는 금속정을 삽입하는 확공정 금속정 고정술이 시행되어지고 있는 경향이다. 저자들은 폐쇄성 경골 간부 골절에 대해서 비확공성 금속정 고정술의 유용성 여부를 알아보기 위해서 동국대학교 의과대학 정형외과학교실에서 치료했던 54례를 평균 1년 5개월 추시하여 골 유합 기간, 합병증의 발생에 대해서 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 비확공성 금속정 고정술시 골 유합 기간은 확공성 금속정 고정술시와 비교하여 유의한 차이가 없음을 알 수 있었으며, 확공을 하지 않음으로써 발생할 수 있는 jamming이나 가는 직경의 금속정을 선택함으로써 우려되는 금속정의 휨, 부러짐 등의 합병증은 발생하지 않았다. 결론적으로 폐쇄성 경골 간부 골절의 치료에 있어서도 비확공성 골수강내 금속정 고정술은 유용한 방법으로 사료된다.

煉炭灰魚汁吸着飼料開發에 關한 硏究 : 煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料 製造方法 A Method to Produce Fish Soluble-Absorbed Briquette Ash Feed

鄭鉉丞 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1991 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.4 No.-

韓國養豚業의 經營收支 擴大化 乃至 不規則的인 豚價에 對應한 自給飼料 製造技術과 飼料效率改善을 爲하여 煉炭灰와 魚汁을 原料로 한 複合飼料 開發을 目的으로 하였다. 煉炭灰와 魚汁을 原料로 選擇한 動機는 韓國에서 年間 991萬M/T 生産되고 있는 煉炭灰는 粘土와 粉炭의 混合體로 Fe, Zn等 微量鑛物質이 含有된 灰化物로 灰分의 高吸濕性을 利用하여 年間 50萬M/T 生産 廢水處理되고 있는 魚汁中의 蛋白質, U. G. F., Ca等을 吸着한 粉末狀과 丸製狀의 複合飼料를 製造 할 수 있기 때문이다. 韓國 燃料産業과 水産業 分野에서 生産되는 副産物은 供給源이 豊富하여 이것을 飼料化 하므로써 環境汚染 및 公害防止와 輸入飼料 原料代替를 할 수 있어서 飼料産業의 發展과 韓國養豚業의 內實化를 期待할 수 있다. 煉炭灰 魚汁 吸着飼料製造 工程은 煉炭灰는 水分 2% 以下의 含水狀態로서 14mesh(1.168m/m) 程度의 粒子로 粉碎加工하여 原料로 하고 魚汁은 通常의 魚分原料를 煮熟, 押着, 濾過, 分離, 眞空濃縮等 公知의 生産工程을 거쳐 最終原料로 한다. 濃縮魚汁은 水分 55% 固形物 45% 程度의 퍼티(putty)狀 液汁으로 이를 上記 煉炭灰 粉碎 原料와 乾物로 換算하여 重量比 1:1의 比率로 pellet 混合機에 依하여 均一하게 混合한다. 混合된 原料는 以後 乾燥, 冷却, 粉碎, 包裝을 거쳐 粉末狀의 最終製品으로 處理하거나 또는 乾燥前에 丸製狀으로 粒子化하여 粒度狀의 丸製(FBF製品)를 形成하여 最終製品으로 하는 2種의 製品 Type을 決定할 수 있다. 旣存魚粉 製造工程에 依한 F. B. F. 粉製를 製造할 수도 있다. F. B. F. 混合配合飼料는 F. B. F. 粉製를 利用하여 旣存配合飼料 工程에 依하여 粉製 또는 pellet를 生産할 수 있다. This research was conducted to the prompt reaction to the irreqular price of pig by use of self-sufficing feed and the improvement of feeding rate. To substitute these imported feedstuffs and to develope new feeds utilizing abandoned materials such as briquette-ash and fish solubles, fish-soluble absorbed briquette ash feed was a devised. In Korea, 500,000 M/T of fish soluble and 9,910,000 M/T of briquette-ash are yearly produced and discarded as waste materials. This research was performed to develop fish soluble-absorbed briquette ash feed in orde to utilize the protein, U.G.F., Ca contained in the abandoned fish soluble and Fe, Zn, and other microminerals in the discarded briquette-ash. This research was a method to produce fish soluble-absorbed briquette ash feed to combine complementarily briquette-ash which is largely discarded as byproduct of main solid fuel in Korea with fish soluble which is byproduct of processed marine products, and to substitute for economical and effective feed in pig industry. Briquette-ash which contains moisture below 2% was pulverized to 14 mesh(1.168m/m), and fish soluble was used final ingredient throughout the processes of settlement, compression, filtration, separation and vacuum concentration. The concentrative fish soluble is putty form juice which contains moisture 55% and solid matter 45%. It is equally mixed (weight rate 1:1) in pellet mixer with the pulverized briquette ash. When they mix, briquette ash with it's high hydroscopicity draw the moisture and solid matter of fish soluble, and they absorbed closely. We are able to choose two kinds of the last ingredient. Through dehydration, refrigeration, pulverization and packing, the mixed ingredient will be the last ingredient with powder, or before dehydration we gain F.B.F. form. Fish soluble F.B.F. powder product from general process. However, F.B.F. mixer feed, when F.B.F. powder using soluble powder or pellet product from general process.