한국인 A 형 간염 환자에서 A 형 간염 바이러스의 유전자형에 관한 연구

권오상,송기준,박상훈,송진원,김재선,김종헌,변관수,이창홍,연종은,백락주,박영태 대한간학회 2000 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.6 No.3

$quot;목적: 한국에서 과거 A형 간염은 낙후된 개인위생 및 자연환경으로 유소아기에 불현성 감염으로 앓고 지나가게 되어 청소년 및 성인에서 HAV에 대한 항체 보유율이 매우 높고 성인에서의 급성 A형 간염은 매우 드물게 보고되었다. 그러나 고도의 경제성장과 더불어 식생활, 위생상태의 개선, 상하수도의 보급 등으로 유소아기의 A형 간염 이환율이 현격히 감소하면서 청소년 및 성인에서 HAV 항체가 없는 인구집단 즉 HAV에 감염되면 현증 간염이 발생할 수 있는 인구 집단이 증가되어 최근 수 년 사이에 현증 A형 간염이 폭발적으로 증가하게 되었다. 이에 저자는 HAV의 유전자형을 알아보고 이미 보고된 각국의 HAV와 연관성을 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상과 방법: 1994년부터 1998년까지 한국에서 산발적으로 발생한 18예의 A형 간염 환자의 혈청에서 HAV RNA를 추출, 역전사-중화효소 연쇄반응법(RT-PCR)으로 증폭하여 직접 염기서열의 분석을 통해 국내 HAV 사이에 염기서열, 아미노산의 차이 등을 알아보고 세계 각국에서 보고되었던 HAV 분리주들과 비교하였다. 결과: HAV 게놈의 특정부위인 VP1/2A 연결부위 168 bp 길이에서 시행한 염기서열 분석 결과 한국에서 분리된 18예의 HA이러스는 최근 해외에서 유입된 바이러스일 가능성은 적으며 따라서 장기간 국내에서 토착화된 바이러스일 것으로 생각된다. $quot;Background/Aims: Studies of genotypes and changes in nucleotide and amino acid sequences of hepatitis A virus (HAV) may provide valuable information on the epidemiological aspects of a particular region. In Korea the prevalence of anti-HAV in the 1 - 20 year age group declined from 60% in 1980 to 9% in 1995. As a result this age group has a high risk of HAV infection. Actually over 1,500 cases of clinically overt hepatitis A occurred in 1998 while few cases of clinical hepatitis A had been reported until the early 1990s. The aims of this study are to determine the genotypes of HAV which have been circulating in Korea and to define the phylogenetic relationships of geographically defined isolates. Method: From 1994 - 1998 a total of 18 serum specimens was obtained from patients in Korea with sporadic form acute hepatitis A. The HAV nucleic acid from serum specimens was subjected to genomic sequence analysis following viral RNA extraction, reverse transcription and amplification of the cDNA by PCR. DNA sequencing was performed in both directions of each PCR product. Results: All isolates clustered within the subgenotype IA irrespective of the geographic locations and timing of the clinical hepatitis. Among 18 Korean isolates, 9 isolates had 2 amino acid sequence changes and 2 isolates had 1 amino acid sequence change. These changes in the amino acid sequences are unique and have never been reported in HAV subgenotype IA. Conclusions: All isolated HAV had genotype (IA). Eleven of 18 isolates had unique changes in amino acid sequences. These data indicate that the endemic HAV has been circulating in Korea over a long period of time.

건설회사의 안전관리수준에 관한 비교연구

손창백,홍성호 한국산업안전학회 2002 한국안전학회지 Vol.17 No.4

In order to prepare effective safety management program, the evaluation of safety management level must be implemented. But research efforts on the safety management in Korea are limited to evaluate large construction companies. This study is initiated with the purpose of understanding safety management system in medium- and small-sized construction companies. The study performed questionnaire survey with 54 large companies, 46 medium-and small-sized ones. Employing 'Management Safety Health Index' of Maekyung Economic Institute, 34 questionnaire items were chosen by 9 associated experts. Based on the questionnaire survey, analyses were performed to compared safety management level between large companies as well as medium- and small-sized ones.

건설회사의 사전 안전성 평가모델에 관한 연구

손창백,홍성호 한국안전학회 2003 한국안전학회지 Vol.18 No.2

In order to improve the safety performance of construction projects, effective and corporative safety management program between head office and job site must be implemented. And its performance must be measured and analyzed for the identification of the problems in the safety management area. This study proposes a previous evaluation model of safety performance for the large construction firm in order to enhance their safety level. The fundamental data for proposed model is based on the past research(Son 2002), which is structured of evaluation criteria weighted factor. statistical evaluation formula. The model would help the firm management in identifying the weak areas of safety performance in terms of the degree performing certain safety tasks. It is expected that the model could contribute to achieving the "zero accident" level.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

Work Sampling기법을 이용한 커튼월공사의 가동률 분석

이진우,손창백 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2

This paper presents working ratio of curtain wall, which can be important basic data to establish construction schedules in the construction. In the present study, the reliable statistical data could not be obtained because number of construction sites were not enough and it was difficult to search the suitable sites to this study. Although all factors. which significantly affect to the working ratio in the construction of curtain wall, are not considered in the present study, the result of this study can be used as basic data to investigate the trend of the working ratio in the construction of curtain wall. In order to achieve reliable statistical data and to establish improvement method for working ratio in the construction of curtain wall, sustainable and systematic studies are required for the future study.

정상교하 아동의 두개안면부 성장에 관한 종적 연구

양규호,박창헌,손정수,김낙현,최남기,김선미,김기백,신혜성 大韓小兒齒科學會 2009 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.36 No.3

혼합치열기 정상교합 아동 24명(남:14명 여:10명 초진 시 평균 나이 9±1.3세, 평균 관찰 기간: 13±1.3개월)에 대한 성장량을 측정하여 기능적 교정장치의 순수 치료효과를 평가하는데 도움이 되기 위해 3회(5~8개월 간격) 촬영한 측모 두부 방사선 규격 사진에 대한 분석 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 남아는 상악골은 전하방, 하악골은 전방성장하였고, 여아는 상하악골이 전하방 성장하였다(p<0.05). 2. 상하악골의 남녀간 차이에서 수평적 성장상태는 여아가 컸고(A point 여아: 2.39mm, 남아: 1.26mm, p<0.05), 수직적 성장상태는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3. 상악 전치의 치축은 두개저에 대해서 순측 경사하였고(p<0.01) 하악 전치의 치축은 큰 변화가 없었다. The purpose of this study was to provide the reference data evaluating the treatment effect of orthopedic appliances. The skeletal and dental growth increments were measured in 24 normal mixed dentition children(boys: 14, girls: 10) by three serial lateral cephalograms: initial mean age: 9±1.3 years, mean observation period: 13±1.3 months, Cephalometric changes were analysed. The results were as follows: 1. In boys, the maxilla showed forward and downward growth pattern and the mandible showed forward growth pattern(p<0.05). In girls, the maxilla and mandible showed forward and downward growth pattern(p<0.05). 2. Horizontal growth of both maxilla and mandible in girls was superior to those in boys(A point: girls: 2.39mm, boys: 1.26mm, with p<0.05), whereas vertical growth of both maxilla and mandible in boys was similar to those in girls. 3. The change in tooth axis showed labioversion of upper incisor(p<0.01) and comparatively stable lower incisor position.

요소작업 기반 티어공법 철골조립 시뮬레이션 모델

임태경,손창백,이동은,Lim, Tae-Kyung,Son, Chang-Baek,Lee, Dong-Eun 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.27 No.10

This paper presents a simulation model that facilitates to analyze and estimate both time and cost of the steel erection operation making use of tier construction method. By conducting motion and time study, resource processes of the operation and their tasks of the processes are defined. These atomic tasks are used as a building block to implement a simulation model that reflects the real world steel erection operation assembling the steel material in the job site. Task based operation simulation model deals with local variables or delay factors affecting productivity and improves the reusability of existing production models. Therefore, the proposed approach allows the model to adjust more easily to construction method change. The proposed steel erection model was verified by comparing with the Construction Standard Production Unit system (CSPU) and daily work report.

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

겹침이음실험을 통한 삼중나노소재 혼입 철근콘크리트보의 부착성능에 대한 실험적 고찰

유진규(Jin-Gue Ryu),손동희(Dong-Hee Son),배백일(Baek-Il Bae),유창기(Chang-Gi Yoo),최창식(Chang-Sik Choi) 대한건축학회 2023 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.39 No.10

This study aims to assess the impact of combining triple hybrid reinforced concrete with carbon nanotubes, nanosilica, and graphene oxide on bond strength. The mechanical properties of these materials were evaluated through material testing and assessed bond strength via lap-splice experiments. The material testing revealed that nano-reinforced concrete had a slight increase in compressive strength compared to regular concrete but showed a significant improvement in splitting tensile strength. It also exhibited decreased volumetric strain and Poissons ratio. To understand if these mechanical properties influenced bond strength, laboratory splice experiments were conducted using eight reinforced concrete specimens, varying splice length and cover thickness. The results of the lap-splice experiment showed variations in bond strength depending on the inclusion of nanomaterials in the mixture, with varying increases in bond strength as splice strength changed. This suggests that the combination of these triple nanomaterials does impact the bond performance of concrete.

요소작업 기반 티어공법 철골조립 시뮬레이션 모델

임태경(Lim, Tae-Kyung),손창백(Son, Chang-Baek),이동은(Lee, Dong-Eun) 대한건축학회 2011 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.27 No.10

This paper presents a simulation model that facilitates to analyze and estimate both time and cost of the steel erection operation making use of tier construction method. By conducting motion and time study, resource processes of the operation and their tasks of the processes are defined. These atomic tasks are used as a building block to implement a simulation model that reflects the real world steel erection operation assembling the steel material in the job site. Task based operation simulation model deals with local variables or delay factors affecting productivity and improves the reusability of existing production models. Therefore, the proposed approach allows the model to adjust more easily to construction method change. The proposed steel erection model was verified by comparing with the Construction Standard Production Unit system (CSPU) and daily work report.