간내 담석과 동반된 간내 담도암에서의 p53과 Ki-ras의 발현

김명환,이성구,서동완,이승규,남승우,박능화,민영일,김연석,심기남,공경엽 대한소화기학회 1997 대한소화기학회지 Vol.30 No.5

Background/Aims: Hepatolithiasis or primary intrahepatic stones may be accompanied later by intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. This cancerous lesion is frequently associated with atypical hyperplastic epithelium that was suspected of being precancerous. To investigate the Ki-ras or p53 mutation may play a role in carcinogenesis, and to determine whether atypical hyperplastic epithelium may be precancerous, this study was performed in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis. Methods: We examined 12 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis. Ki-ras point mutations were assessed by direct DNA sequencing. Expressions of p53 protein were immunohistochemically assessed. The overexpression of p53 and point mutation of Ki-ras were examined in normal, hyperplastic, atypical hyperplastic, and can- cerous tissues separately. Results: The expressions of p53 protein were detected in 4 (33%) of 12 cholangiocarcinomas and Ki-ras point mutations at codon 12 were found in 2 (17%) of 12 cholangiocarcinomas. In those two carcinoma cases which contained the mutant sequence of Ki-ras, the same point mutation from wild type GGT (glycine) to GAT (aspartic acid) was. found in the associated atypical hyperplastic epithelium. However, none of the normal and hyperplastic epithelium harbored Ki-ras or p53 mutations. Conclusions: The overexpression of p53 may play a part in the carcinogenesis of some intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis, whereas the role of Ki-ras mutations in those cases is dubious. However, Ki-ras point mutation at codon 12 may be responsible for either cancer or atypical hyperplastic epithelium associated with hepatolithiasis in certain cases, suggesting atypical hyperplastic epithelium may give rise to carcinoma.

P164 : A clinical and statistical study of cutaneous premalignant lesions in Busan city and the eastern Gyeongnam province over 19 years

( Seung Hwan Choi ),( Seung Min Ha ),( Dong Yeob Ko ),( Ki Ho Kim ),( Ki Hoon Song ) 대한피부과학회 2014 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.66 No.2

Background: Premalignant lesions has recently continuously increased in Koreans. However, there has been little research into the distribution and incidence of cutaneous premalignant lesions in the south-eastern part of korea Objectives: To analyze recent trends in incidence and clinical patterns of cutaneous premalignant lesions in Busan city and the eastern Gyeongnam province Methods: We reviewed 1,292 cases (3,651 lesions) of cutaneous premalignant lesions that include actinic keratosis (AK) and bowen’s disease (BD) at the Department of Dermatology in Dong-A University Hospital Results: The average annual incidence of cutaneous premalignant lesions among total outpatients was 1.82% and has continuously increased from 0.70% to 4.25% over the last 19 years. The most common cutaneous premalignant lesionwas AK (75.85%), followed by BD (24.15%). The mean age of onset was 68.76 years. A major skin cancer was found in 15.79% of patients with cutaneous premalignant lesions, including SCC (11.54%), BCC (6.09%), and malignant melanoma (0.64%). Additionally, 59.13% of the patients had a single lesion, while 40.87% had multiple lesions. Age, occupation-related exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and a past history of skin cancer were higher in the patients with multiple lesions than single lesion Conclusion: The incidence of cutaneous premalignant lesions has gradually increased in Busan city and the eastern Gyeongnam Province, which was relatively higher than incidence in other areas

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

전반적발달장애 아동 및 발달성언어장애 아동의 뇌 단일광자방출전산화단층촬영 소견에 대한 예비연구

이호분,신의진,육기환,유영훈,노경선,송동호 대한소아ㆍ청소년정신의학회 1997 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.8 No.2

사비의 교정에 있어서 내시경의 이용

박대환,김태모,이재욱,송철홍,한동길,안기영 大韓成形外科學會 1998 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.25 No.1

Owing to the complexity of the deviated structures and the septal deformities accompanying the external nasal deformities, the complete correction of the deviated nose is regarded as a difficult one. The approach to the nasal bone and osteotomy in classic corrective rhinoplasty is almost blind technique, where the results depends on the feeling by surgeon's hand. To overcome these drawback, endoscopic-assisted corrective rhinoplasty and septoplasty performed for 8 cases of deviated nose between January 1996 and May 1997. Average follow-up period was 10 months. All patients were evaluated by symmetrical nasal pyramid, recurrence of the bony deflection and septal deviation. The postoperative courses were satisfactory in most of cases with few complications. It appears that endoscopic control during corrective rhinoplasty and septoplasty is a big step toward obtaining better results in bony and cartilage resection with extreme precision under monitor control and magnification. This technique is not an open approach but permits one to see more of the nasal skeleton and bony septum what is causing deformity, and the immediate effect of the corrective measures used. The use of endoscope in corrective rhinoplasty will provide expanded field of vision, direct manipulation of lesions, and better aesthetic an6 functional results.

한국인 안검의 생체계측지

박동만,송중원,한기환,강진성 大韓成形外科學會 1990 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.17 No.5

Plastic surgeons who frequently deal with trauma and deformity of the eyelids and orbits, need have an abundant knowledge of the accurate anatomical morphology and acceptable proportion of them. The normal value of the anatomical morphology and function of the eyelid has not yet been standardized in Korea. The authors measured anthropometry of normal Korean eyelids and statistically analysed in 2,151 individuals including 1,078 male and 1,073 female. Statistical analysis of these measurements offers valuable information about the chronological growth, size, and shape of healthy Korean eyelids. The results are as follows : 1. There was no significant statistical difference between the right and left sides in all measurements. 2. The growth of the eyelid reached the adult level at about 20 years of age and then the growth can be divided into 3 patterns, the first one slowly increased, the seconded one was a stationary, and the last one slowly decreased. 3. The following statistics were recorded for males and females. The cornea-lateral canthal distance was 7.9mm and 7.3mm, the diameter of the cornea was 13.8mm and 13.6mm cornea-medial canthal distance was 7.8mm and 7.5mm the horizontal dimension of the palpebral fissure was 29.7mm and 28.4mm, the vertical dimension of the palperbral fissure was 7.9mm and 8.0mm, the slant of the palperbral fissure was 9.5 degrees an 10.6 degrees, the intercanthal distance was 36.5mm and 37.2mm, the width of the glabella was 24.4mm,. and 24.1mm, the interpupillary distance was 66.1mm and 63.9mm, the ectocanthion-superior margin of the palpebral fissure distance was 14.9mm and 14.2mm, the endocanthion-superior margin of the palpebral fissure distance was 14.9mm and 14.2mm, the height of the opened upper eyelid was 10.3mm and 10.0mm, the height of the closed upper eyelid was 18.2mm and 18.1mm, levator function by the Berke's method was 16.2mm and 15.6mm, MLD was 7.2mm and 7.1mm, and MRD1, was 2.7mm and 2.6mm respectively. 4. The vertical dimension of the palpebral fissure, slant of the palpebral fissure, and height of the double eyelid fold were greater in females than males. The intercanthal distance and width of the glabella was nearly the same in males and females and other measurements were greater in males than females. 5. A double eyelid fold was seen in about 36% of males and 50% of females. The average height of the double eyelid fold with the eye closed in 20 year old females was 5.2mm and 30 to 50 year old females was 5.5mm. The most frequent shape of the double eyelid fold was type 5. 6. The epicanthus was present in 58.1% in this series and existed in over 90% under age 10, but disappeared in about 90% of the people over 50. The most frequent shape of the epicanthus was tarsalis type.

세척수 오존 처리에 의한 신선 채소류의 미생물 제어

김동주,윤유영,하상도,박기환 中央大學校 食糧資源硏究所 2003 食糧資源硏究所 論文集 Vol.15 No.1

오존은 염소보다 1.5배나 강한 산화제이고 염소나 다른 소독제에 비해 여러 종류의 미생물에 대해 살균 효과를 가지고 있다. 본 연구는 신선채소류로부터 인체에 유해한 병원균 등 미생물 오염을 감소시키거나 제거하여 최소가공 신선 과채류의 안전성을 향상시킬 수 있는 효과적인 조건을 찾고자 하였다. 상추, 깻잎, 당근, 고구마의 오존의 미생물 제어 효과를 평가하기 위해 세척 시간에 따 른 일반세균, Bacillus cereus,대장균 및 대 장균군, 포자형성균의 변화를 관찰하였다. 상추는 총호기성균이 6.32 log CFU/g, coliform은 3.36 log CFU/g 그리고 포자 형성균은 2.92 log CFU/g 검출되었다. 깻잎은 총호기성균이 5.36 log CFU/g, coliform은 3.88 log CFU/g 그리고 포자 형성균은 2.62 log CFU/g 검출되었다. 당근은 총호기성균이 7.34 log CFU/g, coliform은 3.49 log CFU/g 그리고 포자 형성균은 3.57 log CFU/g 검출되었다. 고구마는 총호기성균이 7.82 log CFU/g, coliform은 3.15 log CFU/g 그리고 포자형 성균은 3.30 log CFU/g 검출되었다. E. coli와 B. cereus는 모든 시료에서 불검출 되었다(검출한계: <10 cells/g). 미생물수는 세척시간에 따라 3분까지는 감소하였고, 그 이후에는 거의 변화가 없었다. 오존 처리에 의한 총호기성균의 살균효과는 상추의 경우 약 3 log, 깻잎은 약 2 log, 당근은 약 3 log 그리고 고구마는 약 2 log 감소하였다. coliforms은 모든 시료에서 약 2 log 감소 하는 것으로 나타났다. 포자형성균은 1분 이상의 세척 처리 후에는 불검출되는 것으로 나타났다. 이들 결과는 오존이 신선채소류의 미생물, 특히 포자형성균을 효과적으로 제어할 수 있음을 제시함으로서, 신선채소류 처리에 있어 오존이 기존 살균 소독제를 대신하여 사용될 수 있음을 보여주고 있다. Ozone is an oxidizing agent, which is 1.5 times stronger than chlorine and is effective over a much wider spectrum of microorganisms than chlorine and other disinfectants. The objective of this study was to propose an effective condition to improve the safety of fresh vegetables, which could reduce and eliminate human pathogens from fresh products. Microbial contamination levels in fresh vegetables such as lettuce, sesame leaf, carrot and sweet potato were evaluated and the variation of microorganisms was observed during washing in order to evaluate the effect of ozone on the control of microorganisms in fresh vegetables with time. Target microorganisms were APC, B. cereus, coliforms, E. coli and spore-forming microorganisms. The results of the total cell count of general microbes were in the range of 5.36 (sesame leaf) - 7.82 (sweet potato), coliforms 3.15 (sweet potato) - 3.88 (sesame leaf) and spore-forming group was 2.62 (sesame leaf) - 3.57 (carrot) log CFU/g while E. coli and B. cereus were not detected at the detection limit (<10<윗첨자>1</윗첨자>) in raw materials. The number of microorganisms were reduced with treatment time to 3 mins in the magnitude of 2-3 log reduction and little changed to 5 mins. About 3 log reduction of general microbes was achieved in lettuce, 2 log in sesame leaf, 3 log in carrot and 2 log in sweet potato. Coliforms were reduced about 2 log in tested samples. Ozone was found to be very effective to eliminate the spore-forming group from fresh vegetables, which was not detected after 1 min treatment. These results suggest that the ozone is effective to reduce microorganisms from fresh vegetables, especially very effective on the spore-forming microorganisms and thus could be used as an alternative to traditional sanitizers for fresh produce.

고속철도 궤도유지보수 일정계획에 관한 연구

김기동,이주환 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2008 産業技術硏究 Vol.28 No.A

The track of high-speed railway get deteriorated according as using it. In that case, the maintenance jobs are needed for improvement of track quality. A scheduling problem for the track maintenance of high-speed railway is to determine the jobs should be performed daily. In the problem, the set of jobs for maintenance is given. Each job has it's parameters such as due date, emergency level, and processing time. In addition, jobs can be worked during a certain fixed time when the train doesn't move. In this study, we developed a mathematical model of the scheduling problem for the maintenance of high-speed railway and solved the problem using the ILOG CPLEX library.

방사선조사가 당뇨 백서의 측두하악관절에 미치는 영향

안기동,황의환,이상래 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2004 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.34 No.2

Purpose : To investigate the histopathological changes in the temporomandibular joint in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat following irradiation. Materials and Methods : Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 250 gm were divided into three groups: control, diabetic, and diabetic-irradiated groups. Diabetes mellitus was induced in the rats by injecting streptozotocin. Rats in the control group were injected with citrate buffer only. After 5 days, the head and neck region of the rats in diabetic- irradiated group were irradiated with single absorbed dose of 10 Gy. The rats were killed at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after irradiation. The specimen including the temporomandibular joint were sectioned and observed using a histopathological method. Results : In the diabetic group, severe bone resorption in the mandibular condyle was observed throughout the period of experiment. Necrosis of bone marrow and trabeculae was observed at 28 days after diabetic state. Atrophy and fibrosis in the retrodiscal tissue was gradually progressed during the time of the experiment. In the diabeticirradiated group, severe bone resorption in the mandibular condyle was observed during the early experimental phases, but regeneration of bone marrow was initiated at 14 days after diabetic state and irradiation. Also, calcification of abnormal trabeculae was observed at 28 days after diabetic state and irradiation. The retrodiscal tissue was degenerated in the early experimental phases, but it had been gradually regenerated during the experimental time. Conclusion : This experiment suggests that bone resorption and degeneration in the mandibular condyle are caused by the induction of diabetes, and abnormal bone formation is induced after irradiation in diabetic state.

인접건물에 의한 반사주광 성능에 대한 평가

최원기,이동권,안명환,서승직 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.6

This paper is focused on evaluation of daylight reflecting performance from the adjacent building for improvement of poor environment conditions in a metropolitan area. The numerical model developed can be used for evaluation of daylight reflecting performance. As a result comparison of our simulation programs and commercial softwares, it was verified that there was no difference between two results. In this study, the sensitivity analysis of environmental performance factors of daylight reflecting from the adjacent building were examined, analysed and presented as a solution method for improvement of building environments. The results were proved to be an effective control methods for improvement of building environment, especially in a metropolitan area.