Simplified Effective Compressive Strengths of Columns with Intervening Floor Slabs

Seung?Ho Choi,Jin?Ha Hwang,Sun?Jin Han,Hae?Chang Cho,Jae Hyun Kim,Kang Su Kim 한국콘크리트학회 2020 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.14 No.5

The current design codes discuss the effective compressive strengths of columns, which reflect a decrease in load transfer performance that can occur when columns and slabs have different concrete compressive strengths. The effective compressive strength of a column increases as it is confined by the slab, and the design codes mandate three different effective compressive strengths for interior columns (confinement on four sides), exterior columns (confinement on three sides), and corner columns (confinement on two sides). For both corner and exterior columns, the confinement effect of the slab is significantly smaller than that for the interior column, and there is a more marked decrease in load transfer performance. However, there is still a lack of theoretical studies investigating the effective compressive strengths of the corner and exterior columns. Therefore, based on the analysis model established in previous research, this study has proposed an equation for calculating the effective compressive strengths of the corner, exterior and isolated columns without any confinement effects of the slab. In addition, axial loading tests of isolated columns were conducted and the proposed equation was verified.

다카야스 동맥염과 동반된 초점성 분절성 사구체경화증 1예

강신명,송영수,김주성,윤수영,이루다,최규헌,조승연,이호영,한대석,정현주' 대한신장학회 2000 대한신장학회잡지 Vol.19 No.5

우심방을 침범한 거대 비호지킨씨 림프종 1예

강상범,진승원,이은경,박용현,최용호,김용주,박준철,김재형,홍순조,최규보,권종범,원용순,박건,이은희 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.4

스트레스 반응 척도의 수정판 개발 및 타당화 연구 : 근로자 대상

최승미,강태영,우종민 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.6

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a modified form of the Stress Response Inventory (SRI-MF) for workers. Methods : In study I, the Stress Response Inventory was conducted in 3,420 person, who worked for public institutions andlarge corporations. They were selected from 10 areas throughout the country. After we performed experimental factor analysis in order to select the items by internal consistency and factor loadings, we developed the short form of SRI (SRI-MF). In Study II, SRI-MF was validated by showing convergent/divergent validity with other stress-measuring instruments in another samples. Results : In study I, factor analysis yielded 5 factors, and two of them were excluded because of their low internal consistency. Consequently, total 22 items in the remaining 3 factors (somatization, depression, anger) were selected for the SRI-MF. Test-retest reliability of the SRI-MF was significantly high, ranging between .67-.71. Cronbach's α was also high. In study II, convergent validity was computed by correlating scores of other scales (GARS, SCL-90-R, PSQ) score. The correlations were all at significant levels. Discriminant validity was computed by comparing the total score and scores of 3 subscales in the patient and normal group. There were significant differences in the total and scores of 3 subscales between the two groups. Conclusion : The results of identifying factor structure in the SRI indicated 5 significant factors. Among them, 3 factors can be employed for the modified form of SRI with a high internal consistency. Thus, we suggest that the SRI-MF should be a effective and valid scale to evaluate stress response in work places.

방광의 이행상피암에서 p53과 PCNA 분포에 관한 연구

최은정,강상균,양승하,김대중,김의한 순천향의학연구소 1996 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.2 No.2

Immunohistochemical studies were carried out to observe the expression of p53 protein and PCNA in transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), then analyzed according to the tumor grade and progression. 38 cases of TCC consist of 13 cases grade Ⅰ, 12 cases grade Ⅱ and 13 cases grade Ⅲ respectively. Results obtained are as follows. 1. p53 protein expression was seen in 60% of cases(15 out of 38 cases) In the poorly differentiated area and infiltrated lesion, tumor cell showed more strong positive reaction of p53 protein compared with well differentiated area. 2. All of 38 cases of TCC showed PCNA positive expression. The more strong positivity was seen in the poorly differentiated area and the more intense positive reaction was noted in the basal layer of the tumor nests. 3. The above results showed that positivity of p53 protein and PCNA are closely related with tumor cell differentiation(grade) and progression. It is concluded that positive reaction of p53 protein and PCNA may contribute to detection of tumor growth and prognosis of patient.

공동주택의 장수명화 및 재생을 위한 IHCS 표준모델 개발 : 개념 및 특성을 중심으로 With a focus of Concept and Character

최경석,강재식,양관섭,이승언 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

Recently Excessive national resources, energy losses and social·economical problems are induced by reconstruction apartment housing which was constructed about 20 years and is enough to keep one's residence structurally. Especially, the greatest obstruction in longevity & recycling technology of apartment housing is the current Ondol system of wet process integrated structures. Also the current Ondol system is difficult to improve due to its character of material and process. The object of this study is to develop IHCS(Infill Heating & Cooling System) standard model with prefabricated & dry process that shall be the substitution for the current wet Ondol system.

내시경적 점막절제술로 치험한 식도 과립상 세포종 1례

강혁주,김성욱,최석진,이중현,장재식,서영범,윤병구,박건욱,김성자,김용섭,강승완,이구,양창헌,이창우,김욱년,이광헌,서정일 동국대학교 의학연구소 2000 東國醫學 Vol.7 No.-

과립상 세포종은 Schwann 세포 기원으로 생각되며 인체에 비교적 드물게 발생한다. 과립상 세포종은 전신 어느 곳에서나 발견될 수 있으나 주로 혀, 구강, 피부 혹은 유방 등에서 호발하며 드물게 위장관에서 발견된다. 위장관에서는 식도에서 가장 호발하며 다음으로 위, 대장 순이다. 과립상 세포종은 대부분, 특히 위장관에서는 양성이며 소수의 악성 병변이 보고되었다. 이러한 이유와 함께 수술 전의 진단이 어렵기 때문에 과립상 세포종에 대한 근본적인 치료는 현재까지 외과적 절제술이다. 최근에 시도되는 치료방법들로는 내시경적 레이저 치료, 용종절제술, 내시경적 점막 절제술 등이 있다. 저자들은 상부 소화관 내시경검사를 시행하여 식도 과립상 세포종을 진단하고 내시경적 점막 절제술을 시행하여 합병증 없이 퇴원하여 현재 재발없이 경과 관찰중인 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Granular cell tumors, which occur infrequently, are probably of Schwann cell origin. They can occur almost anywhere in the body but usually affect the tongue, oral cavity, skin, or breasts and are rarely found in the gastrointestinal tracts. The esophagus is the most frequent gastrointestinal site, followed by the stomach and the colon. Granular cell tumors are generally benign, especially in the gastrointestinal tract, some malignant lesions have been reported. For this reason, and also because preoperative diagnosis is difficult, the standard treatment for granular cell tumor has until now been surgical excision. In recent years, other therapeutic methods is endoscopic laser therapy (ELT), polypectiomy, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). We report a case of esophageal granular cell tumor which was diagnosed by an endoscopy and managed using an endoscopic mucosal resection without complication.

한우, 칡소 및 제주 흑우 Calpain-Calpastatin 유전자 다양성

이승환,김승창,조수현,최봉환,Aditi Sharma,임다정,당창권,장선식,김재환,고문석,양보석,강희설 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2013 농업과학연구 Vol.40 No.2

The aim of study was to investigate genetic diversity for the calpain/calpastatin gene in three Hanwoo breeds [(Brown (n=62), Brindle (n=81) and Jeju Black (n=30)]. Random samples from three breeds of Hanwoo were selected and genotyped for the 7 SNPs of calpain/calpastatin using TaqMan method. Allele frequencies were investigated for CAPN1/CAST gene. Allele frequency of CAST2 SNP was 0.75, 0.59 and 0.22 for Brown, Brindle and Jeju black, respectively. The CAST3 revealed allele frequency of 0.59 and 0.57 in Brown and Jeju Black, while it showed very low allele frequency (0.07) in Brindle. In particular, favorable allele (G allele) for the CAPN1-2 SNP which was shown a strong association with tenderness in Taurine and Indicine cattle revealed 16% and 17% higher allele frequency in Brown Hanwoo (0.82) comparing Brindle (0.66) and Jeju Black Hanwoo (0.65). AMOVA demonstrated that among population variance occupied only 10% of total variance and among individual variance was 0%, while within individual variance was 90% of total variance. This result showed that population effect contributed very small portion of genetic to these three Hanwoo breeds, while within individual variance contributed large portion of genetic diversity within these Hanwoo breeds. In conclusion, three Hanwoo breeds (Brown, Brindle and Jeju black) showed a genetically homogeneous based on the 7 SNPs of CAPN1/CAST gene and it came from same ancestor to form modern Hanwoo breed.

Rat의 복강내에 투여한 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

강대영,송규상,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

For more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy, the authers made 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(FU-PGA disks) with 5-fluorouracil and polyglycolic acid, a biodegradable polymer. We inserted the FU-PGA disk into the peritoneal cavites of Sprague-Dawley male rats, the control and three experimental groups; one FU-PGA disk insert group(300mg/kg), two FU-PGA disk insert group(600mg/kg), and three FU-PGA disk insert group(900mg/kg). The control group received a similar number of PGA disk inserts. A pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure the 5-fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, blood, and tissues(liver, kidney and heart) at 24 hours, 72hours and 168 hours after insertion of the FU-PGA disk. Light and electron microscopic studies were done. The results were as follows: 1) The number of white blood cells and platelets decreased after FU-PGA insertion. The degree was proportional to the duration and amounts inserted. The change in the number of red blood cells varied slightly. 2) Light microscopically, slight changes were noted at 168 hours in the 3 disk insert group (900mg/kg). Mild fatty change and hepatocyte degeneration around the central veins of the liver were noted, with vacuolar degeneration in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney. 3) Electron microscopically,the liver showed focal increases of lipid droplets in the hepatocytes, and irregular nuclear membrane with focal nucleolar segregation of the fibrillar and granular elements. Also the double membranous structure of the hepatocytes and Kupffer cells was widened with bleb formation. The kidney showed wide separation of the nuclear double membrane in the proximal convoluted tubular cells and mesangial cells, with vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the proximal convoluted tubular cells, at 72 hours and 168 hours in the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. The heart showed focal loss of cristae,vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. In conclusion, despite the large amont of FU-PGA inserted, the histopathological changes in the liver, kidney and heart were slight, and consonant with the very low amount of 5-fluorouracil concentrations detected in the liver, kidney and heart. The above results suggest that the FU-PGA composite can serve as a new device for releasing drugs in a controlled manner and easily targeted to intraperitoneal organs. This device can improve the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

1회선 분기점을 갖는 병행 2회선 송전선로의 고장점 표정 알고리즘

강상희,권태원,최면송,이승재 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2000 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.19 No.-

This paper presents a fault location algorithm of a single phase-to-ground fault on a parallel transmission line which contains a teed circuit. The method uses only the local end voltage and current signals. Zero sequence currents of other lines are calculated by distribution factors. Instead of zero sequence current, negative sequence current is used to remove the effect to load current and to calculate the voltage of a fault resistance. There are two distance equations in this algorithm. One of them is to calculate inner part fault location of the tap distance and the other equation is for outer part fault location of the tap distance, Correct fault distance is selected by the condition of each solution. Extensive simulation studies using EMTP have verified that the proposed algorithm can calculate an accurate fault distance in spite of effects of various error sources.