실험적인 간암 유발과정에서 Butylated Hydroxytoluene이, 미치는 영향 I : 미세구조적인 연구

최정목,강대영,서광선,이충식,송규상,김진만,박원학,Choi, Jeung-Mok,Kang, Dae-Young,Suh, Kwang-Sun,Lee, Choong-Sik,Song, Kyu-Sang,Kim, Jin-Man,Park, Won-Hark 한국현미경학회 1997 Applied microscopy Vol.27 No.2

A morphologic study on the effect of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on experimental hepatocarcinogenesis induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethyl aminoazobenzene (3'-MeDAB) was investigated. A total of 110 Sprague-Dowley male rats weighting about 200 g each were used for the experiment, and divided into 4 groups; the 3'-MeDAB, BHT, 3'-MeDAB/BHT treated group, and the control group. Four to eight rats of each group were sacrified on the 4th, 8th, 14th and 16th experimental weeks, with continuous pelletized feeding containing 0.09% 3'-MeDAB and 0.5% BHT. The liver was examined by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The results were as follows; Electron microscopically, the fine structure of the hepatocytes remained consistently abnormal up to 16 weeks after the 3'-MeDAB treatment. There was no significant difference in the groups observed earlier than in the ones observed later. Many subcellular changes were observed : nuclear change, decreased glycogen, mitochondrial abnormalities, disaggregated rough endoplasmic reticulum, marked proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, dilatation and distortion of bile canaliculi, increased lysosomes, apoptotic bodies, migration of bile ductule cell. In the BHT treated group, the ultrastructural changes of hepatocytes were not significant, except for the lipid droplets and proliferated smooth endoplasmic reticulum among hepatocytes depending on the experimental duration. The various subcellular changes of 3'-MeDAB/BHT treated groups were simillar to those of the 3'-MeDAB treated group, but the degree of changes in the 3'-MeDAB/ BHT treated group decreased compared with those of the 3'-MeDAB treated group. These results suggest that dietary butylated hydroxytoluene has a protective/inhibitory effect on the hepatocarcinogenesis induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethyl -aminoazobenzene.

장례지도사의 감염관리에 대한 인지도와 수행에 관한 연구

최정목,남승현 한국보건기초의학회 2015 한국보건기초의학회지 Vol.8 No.1

흰쥐에서 Treadmill 훈련에 따른 심근의 적응과 cytochrome oxidase 활성에 관한 세포화학적 연구

최정목,이충식,Choi, Jeung-Mok,Lee, Choong-Sik 한국현미경학회 2001 Applied microscopy Vol.31 No.1

흰쥐를 실험 대상으로 하여 Treadmill 운동을 실시하여 운동에 의한 심근의 적응과 cytochrome oxidase 활성에 관한 세포화학적 연구 알아보고자 실험을 실시하였다. 실험동물은 SD계 웅성 흰쥐를 이용하여 출생 3개월 정도의 체중 $150{\pm}10g$정도로 실험을 시작하였다. 실험군은 일상 대조군과 운동군 2개군으로 나누고, 각각 1일, 3일, 1주일, 4주일, 8주일 및 12주일 동안 각각 4마리씩 운동시켜 실험에 이용하였다. 형태 계측학적 방법으로 심장의 무게변화, 심근섬유와 모세혈관의 비, 그리고 CO 활성정도를 측정하였다. 광학및 전자현미경을 이용하여 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 심장무게 변화는 모든 실험군에서 실험기간에 비례하여 증가하였다. 일상 대조군에 비해 운동군에서 유의한 증가를 보였다. 모세혈관과 근섬유 비율은 일상 대조군에서는 유의한 변화가 없었고, 운동군에서는 운동 4주일 이후부터 유의한 증가를 보였다. Cytochrome oxidase C 활성율은 일상 대조군에서는 유의한 변화가 없었고, 운동군에서는 운동 1주일 이후부터 유의한 증가를 보였다. 사립체에 CO활성 형태는 일상 대조군에서는 I형과 III형이, 운동군에서는 실험기간에 비례해서는 II형과 III형이 많이 관찰되었다. 이상과 같은 실험결과들을 미루어볼 때 Treadmill 운동결과 CO의 활성과 심근섬유와 모세혈관의 비율이 운동에 의해 변화를 보여, 흰쥐의 심근에서는 treadmill 운동은 약 4주 정도에서 심장의 적응성이 어느 정도 이루어지는 것으로 사료된다. The present study was to elucidate the cytochemical study on the cytochrome oxidase (CO) activity and myocardial adaptation to treadmill exercise in rat. The three month Sprague-Dowley male $(150{\pm}10g)$ were used in experimental animal. The experimental groups were divided into 2 groups: the normal sedentary group and the treadmill exercise group. On each 1st and 3rd day, 1st, 4th, 8th, and 12th experimental week four rats of each group were sacrificed for tests. The morphometrical measurements were used to evalute the change of heart weight, rate of myocardial fibers to capillaries, and cytochemical study of CO activities, using light and electron microscopy. The results were as follows: The heart weights were more increased in the treadmill exercise group than those of their sedentary group. The rate of myocardial fibers to capillaries were not changed in sedentary group, but those were significantly from 4th weeks in the treadmill exercise group. The CO activity was not changed in sedentary group, but increased in treadmill exercise group after 1 st week. I and III types of CO activity were increased In sedentary group, in contast to II and III types in treadmill exercise group on electron micrographic study. These results suggest that, the treadmill exercise-induced changes in CO activity and rate of myocardial fibers to capillaries appear to be related to exercise, and the adaptive response seems to occurs from 4th week of treadmill exercise.

의료기관내 사망자의 처리에 관한 조사 연구

최정목 한국보건기초의학회 2013 한국보건기초의학회지 Vol.6 No.3

사망 원인별 유형 분석을 통한 사망자의 위생 관리에 대한 연구

최정목(Jeungmok Choi) 한국콘텐츠학회 2017 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.17 No.7

본 연구는 장례식장에서 사망자를 위생적으로 관리하기 위해 사망의 장소, 종류 및 원인 등 사망자들의 유형에 따라 체액 분출 등 사후 어떤 변화가 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 사망자 858명을 대상으로 조사한 결과 평균 연령은 68.6세이며, 주요 사망의 원인은 83.0%가 병사이며, 사망 장소는 79.5%가 의료기관에서 발생되었다. 사망자에서 발생되는 체액 분출율은 전체 사망자의 46.2%에서 조사되었고, 사망의 종류에 따라서는 사고사가 78.8%로 가장 높고, 노화사는 10.8%로 가장 낮았다. 사망의 장소에 따른 의료기관 사망자는 46.3%, 주택 사망자는 38.6%인데 반해 기타 장소는 77.4%로 높았다. 사망의 원인으로 직접, 중간 및 선행 사인이 기록된 사망자 수는 크게 다르지만 체액 분출 비율은 비슷하였다. 장기 및 계통별 사망자 수는 직접, 중간 및 선행 사인 모두 호흡기질환과 심장질환 사망자 수가 가장 많고, 체액 분출은 직접 사인은 간질환 사망자가 가장 높고 소화기 및 혈액순환계 순이며, 중간 및 선행 사인에서는 기타 및 사고사가 가장 높은 비율을 보였다. 사망의 원인에 기록된 질병을 기준으로 한 사망자 수는 직접 사인은 심폐부전이 96명으로 가장 많고 폐렴 및 패혈증 순이며, 체액 분출은 사망자 수가 15명 이상 기준으로 담관암(73.3%)이 가장 높고, 췌장암, 중증뇌손상 및 간암 순으로 많았다. 따라서 사망자의 위생적 관리를 위해서는 보다 정확한 질병명과 발병기간을 명시하도록 하여야 하고, 사망자 이송과정에서는 관련 정보가 문서화 되고 체계적인 전달 시스템이 될 수 있도록 제도화 하여야 할 것이다. The aim of this study was to examine fluid excretions and changes in deceased bodies depending on type, location of, and causes of death for hygienic management of funeral homes. Based on the 858 cadavers studied, the average age at the time of death is 68.6 years, 83.0% had illness as the cause of death, and 79.5% passed away in a medical facility. Fluid excretion was observed in 46.2% of the cadavers. In manner of death, 78.8% of deaths -highest percentage - was due to an accident and 10.8% of deaths - lowest percentage- was due to age. Fluid excretion was observed in 46.3% of cadavers from medical facilities, 38.6% of cadavers from homes and 77.4% of cadavers from miscellaneous locations. There were various number of cadavers with recorded immediate, secondary and underlying cause of death; however, the fluid excretion rate was similar. In analyzing the immediate, secondary and underlying cause of death, respiratory and heart disease were the most common causes of death in categories of body organ and system. In terms of fluid excretion, liver disease followed by digestive and circulatory diseases were most common in immediate cause of death. Accidents and miscellaneous circumstances were most common amongst secondary and underlying causes of death for cadavers with fluid excretion. Based on the recorded illnesses of the cadavers, cardiopulmonary failure was most common as evident in 96 cadavers followed by pneumonia and sepsis. Cholangiocarcinoma (73.3%) had the highest rate of fluid excretion followed by pancreatic cancer, severe brain injury and liver cancer amongst categories of illnesses with more than 15 cadavers.

장례식장 시신관리 시설에서 병원미생물의 감염관리에 관한 연구

최정목(Choi Jeung-Mok),남승현(Nam Seung-Hyun) 한국보건기초의학회 2018 한국보건기초의학회지 Vol.11 No.2

The purpose of this study is to examine the contamination, by pathogens, of equipment and tools that come in contact with deceased bodies at funeral homes. The pathogen test was conducted on the body refrigerator, the body pedestal, the body treatment table, the body processing tools, and the sanitary clothing. The following findings were obtained: A total of 69 species of bacteria from 29 genera along with 16 species of fungi from 10 genera were detected. There was a variation in the detection frequency of bacteria in the same tested area depending on the funeral home. However there was no difference in the detection frequency of bacteria between the different tested areas. Additionally the detection frequency of fungi was slightly different depending on the tested area and target sample. Among the five sample sites, the largest source of pathogens discovered was the body treatment table followed by the body processing tools. The most common bacteria detected belonged to the Acinetobacter, Pseumonas, Staphylococcus, and Bacillus genera. While the most common fungi detected belonged to the Cladospodium, Aspergillus, and Alternia genera.

원발성 간암종의 조직 발생에 대한 면역조직학적 연구

강대영,최정목,송규상,이헌영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

To assess the utility of cytokeratin(CK) profile in the differential diagnosis of primary liver carcinomas(PLCs),we evaluated a series of needle biopsied specimens and surgically resected PLCs, comprising 30 pure hepatocellular carcinomas(HCCs) and 20 cholangiocarcinomas(CCs). The results are summarized as follows: 1) The pure hepatocellular carcinomas showed intense cytoplasmic expression of anti-cytokeratin (AE1/AE3);28/30 (93.3%). 2) The cholangiocarcinomas showed cytoplasmic expression of 2 types of CK(Anti-CK19,AE1/AE 3);14 of 20 (70.0%) of the CCs evidenced mature bile duct phenotype (CK 19), whereas 10 of 20 (50.0%) displayed the hepatocytic profile(AEl/AE3). 3) Nine of 30 HCCs also displayed the bile duct cell profile; high grade HCCs(8/20), and low grade HCCs(1/10). The above results show that a mixed biological phenotype can be found both among morphologically pure HCCs and peripheral CCs, suggesting that these two forms could share a common histogenesis.

아연 전처치가 카드뮴 급성 중독에 미치는 영향에 대한 실험적 연구

이정훈,최정목,강대영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1996 충남의대잡지 Vol.23 No.2

In an attempt to elucidate the effects of zinc on rat tissue changes induced by cadmium, the present study was undertaken in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were intraperitoneally pretreated with zinc chloride(15.0mg/kg) for 3 days, and then were intraperitoneally given CdCl_2(3.0mg/kg). The body and organ weights of the experimental rats were weighed on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 15th, 30th and 60th day after CdC_12 injection. The lungs, livers, kidneys and testes were microscopically illuminated and examined under the electron microscope. The results were as follows: 1. The cadmium induced toxicity were most prominent in the testes. The testes showed diffuse hemorrhage, followed by massive hemorrhagic necrosis, calcification and complete disappearance of normal parenchymal tissue(severe atrophy). 2. In the zinc treated group, there were no specific light microscopic changes in the organs. Marked ultrastructural changes were not observed, however the number of glycogen particles increased. 3. The cadmium toxicity to the lung was proportional to the number of days. The lung changes showed chronic bronchitis and progressive interstitial fibrosis of the alveoli. 4. In the cadmium treated group, the liver showed ultrastructural changes such as mitochondrial swelling, dilatation of rough endoplasmic reticulum, myelin figure formation, and decreased number of glycogen particles. The degree of ultrastructural changes slightly decreased in the zinc pretreated group. Also nuclear membrane irregularity was noted after experimental 30th day. 5. After 30th experimental day in the cadmium treated group, ultrastructural appearence of the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidneys showed detachment of microvilli, absence of basal cytoplasmic membrane invagination and irregular mitochondrial shape. In the zinc pretreated group, the degree of ultrastructural changes were mild compared to those of the cadmium only treated group. In conclusion, these experimental results suggest that cadmium toxicity was most prominent in the testes and can be the cause of infertility, and that zinc reduces ultrastructural cellular damage induced by cadmium in the rat tissues.

신경교 세포 기원 종양의 조직 병리와 p53 Protein 발현과의 관계

류태희,최정목,강대영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1994 충남의대잡지 Vol.21 No.1

The p53 gene is one of the most extensively investigated tumor suppressor genes. Several neoplasms have been thoroughly investigated for altered p53 gene expression, including lung, breast, and colorectal cancers, but the studies of neuroglial tumors are rare. Immunohistochemically, we demonstrated p53 protein expression in 40 cases of 156 central nervous system tumors, which were collected from Jan. 1989 to June 1993 at the department of anatomical pathology, Chungnam National University hospital. The results are as follows; 1. The incidence of gliomas(25.6%) was the highest in brain tumors, followed by meningomas(16.7%), pituitary adenomas(15.4%), neurilemomas(14.1%) and metastatic tumors(9.6%). 2. The incidence of gliomas in males was slightly higher than in females(M:F = 1.1: 1). Gliomas were distributed among all age groups, and the mean age was 35.3 years. 3. The positivity of p53 protein expression was the highest in glioblastoma multiforme(75.0%), followed by anaplastic astrocytoma(66.7%), low grade astrocytoma(30.0%), oligodendroglioma(20.0%), and ependymoma(16.1%). 4. The p53 index(No. of p53 protein positive cells/No. of total cells) was 68.7 in the glioblastomamultiforme in the original tumor, while 91.8 in the recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. The results suggest that there is some correlation between the degree of the histopathologic differentiation in neurogical tumors and the p53 protein expression. In addition, the p53 protein detection may provide a clue in the identification of malignant progression in neuroglial tumors.

식도의 전암성 병변과 암종에서 p53단백 발현에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

강대영,최정목 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1996 충남의대잡지 Vol.23 No.2

The immunohistochemical expression of p53 protein was evaluated in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded surgical specimens from 27 patients with esophageal carcinoma. We tested p53 expression in 17 samples of low grade and 24 samples of high grade esophageal dysplasia(ED) coexisting with esophageal cancer(ESC) in 27 patients who underwent partial or total esophagectomy. In the normal mucosa, a positive immunoreaction was detected in 8 of 27 cases, always restricted to the lower half of the esophageal mucosa thickness. We detected p53 positive nuclei in 10 of 17, 17 of 24, and 21 of 27 samples of low grade ED, high-grade ED, and ESC, respectively. Cases exhibiting positive nuclear staining in dysplastic samples also demonstrated positive immunoreaction in the carcinomatous tissue. Immunoreactivity in cancer cells was never found in the absence of positive dysplastic nuclei. A significantly higher score of p53 positive nuclei was detected in high grade dysplasia versus low grade dysplasia, and in low grade dysplastic lesions compared with normal mucosa. These results sugggest that p53 mutation may represent an early event in eso phageal oncogenesis.