충남지방(忠南地方)의 농업기계(農業機械) 훈련실태(訓練實態)에 관(關)한 조사(調査)

김성래,이상우,김만수,Kim, Soung-Rai,Lee, Sang-Woo,Kim, Man-Su 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1977 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.4 No.1

This survey was conducted to secure a basic data for the effective training programs that might be an essential part of any successful mechanization of agriculture in Korea. Chung Nam provincial training center and 17 guidance offices with farm machinery training centers which were thought to be a medium level on their scale in whole country were selected in the survey on its training accomplishments, stafts, facilities, schedule and number of trainees at one time or in a class. The results and recommendations from this survey were as follows; To enhance the effect of farm machinery training, it was absolutely necessary for city or county training center to complement its facilities and equipments. It might be desirable that instructors of each training center should be the one educated or highly trained in the institution of farm machinery, and that the number of technical assistants should be increased and their present part time working condition should be changed to full-time status. It was recommended that training for farmers should be scheduled during off-season so that farmers could participate in the training couses, and that the number of trainees in a class should be reduced to about 10 trainees, which was approximately a fourth of the present situation. 농업기계(農業機械) 훈련업무(訓練業務)의 능률화(能率化)를 위(爲)한 기본자료(基本資料)를 얻기 위하여 충남지방(忠南地方)의 농업기계(農業機械) 훈련기간(訓練機間)인 도(道) 농민교육원(農民敎育院)과 17개(個) 시(市) 군(郡) 훈련소(訓練所)를 대상(對象)으로 훈련실태(訓練實態) 및 훈련기간(訓練機間)의 실태(實態) 등(等)을 분석(分析)했던 바 다음과 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. 1. 농업기계(農業機械) 훈련(訓練)의 효과(效果)를 높이기 위(爲)해서는 시(市) 군(郡) 농업기계(農業機械) 훈련소(訓練所)의 타설(拖設) 및 장비(裝備)의 보완(補完)이 절실히 필요(必要)하며 2. 각급(各級) 농업기계(農業機械) 훈련소(訓練所)의 교관(敎官)은 농업기계(農業機械)의 전문교육(專門敎育)을 이수(履修)한 자(者)로 보완(補完)하는 것이 바람직하며 기술요원(技術要員)의 수적(數的) 안배(按配)와 이들의 직급(職級)올 정규화(定規化)하는 것이 요망(要望)된다. 3. 효과적(效果的)인 훈련(訓練)을 진행(進行)키 위(爲)해서는 훈련시기(訓練時期)를 농한기(農閑期)로 하여야 할 것이며 1개(個) 반(班)의 인원(人員)도 현재(現在)의 약(約) 1/4인 10명(名) 내외(內外)로 편성하는 것이 바람직하다.

「농업과학연구」 투고규정 외

편집부(편집자) 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2015 농업과학연구 Vol.42 No.3

일본잡초학회에서 본 일본의 잡초연구 동향

황재복(Jae-Bok Hwang),김경현(Kyung-Hyun Kim) 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2015 농업과학연구 Vol.42 No.4

일본잡초학회를 참석하여 잡초방제 관한 최근 연구동향을 파악하고 이를 토대로 향후 잡초방제 연구의 발전방향과 전망을 제시하고자 하였다. 주요 연구분야로는 잡초연구, 잡초관리, 제초제, 그리고 해외동향 등이었다. 일반강연 49편, 포스터 발표 45편이 었다. 학회 일정 중에 미니심포지엄이 소분과로 나누어 각각 개최되었고, 젊은 과학자의 모임도 활발하게 진행되었다. 일본도 우리나라와 같이 기후변화에 따른 문제잡초의 증가 및 외래잡초의 관련연구의 비중이 높고, 친환경 방제를 위한 식물체 유래 제초활성 물질 탐색, 저항성 잡초를 방제하기 위한 연구들이 주로 이루어지고 있었다. This paper reviews current status of weed science in Japanese regional agricultural systems based on the 54th Annual Meeting of the Weed Science Society of Japan. About 300 researchers from 5 countries including Korea participated in the Conference and presented 100 papers in research areas. This congress has an purpose to discuss new troubles, findings and results of weed science. Weed science faces big challenges such as increase in herbicide-resistant weeds, gene-flow from transgenic crops, and invasive weeds. Major research topics were invasive weeds and their ecology, allelopathy, weed management in paddy field, weed management in field crops, and herbicide resistance. Weed control and herbicide resistance management in paddy field were a main object of research. To prevent the increase of problematic weeds and to overcome food crisis, the importance of weed-related researches has been raised. Therefore it is expected that various weed management systems and control of herbicide resistant weeds should be studied continuously in the weed science.

충남대학교 농장 관측소 10-12월 주요 기상자료 요약

노재경,이재남 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2013 농업과학연구 Vol.40 No.4

농업용수리시설의 유지관리체제일원화에 관한 연구 : 충남지역 수리계 운영실태조사결과를 중심으로

김성민,임재환 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2004 농업과학연구 Vol.31 No.1

This study is aimed at identifying the national economic value of the irrigation facilities by reviewing the existing papers on economic values of the irrigation facilities and presenting current status of dual O & M problems of the irrigation facilities. This study suggested the unified O & M system rather than continuing the existing dual O & M system of irrigation facilities based on the surveyed results of the activities of irrigation fraternities in Chungnam Province. The findings and proposals for the successful unified and mono O & M system of the irrigation facilities are as follows: (1) Total number of irrigation facilities in the nation accounts for 67,582, while the total length of irrigation and drainage canals amounted to about 174,259km. On account of the total length of structural canals was estimated at 31%, much losses of water and much O & M costs have been inevitable for the full irrigation rice culture. In spite of the past heavy investment for irrigation facilities, the ratio of rain-fed and partially irrigated paddy fields accounts for 23% in 2003. Both Korea Agricultural and Rural Infrastructure Corporation (KARICO) and the city and Gun Governments have managed the irrigation facilities separately by irrigation fraternities. The KARICO have commanded 59% of irrigation paddy area with 18% of the total irrigation facilities, while the city and Gun governments covered 41% of irrigation paddy area with 82% of the existing number of irrigation facilities representing small and medium scale. (2) The 1999 demand prices of irrigation water per ton expressed in 2000 constant market price was estimated at 388 won, the supply price was amounted to 184 won per ton. Considering the supply and demand curve of the irrigation water, the existing irrigation facilities could not satisfy the demand of irrigation water. (3) In 1999, total present added value of the irrigation facilities during the economic life accounted for 48 trillion won, while total supply cost was 44.7 trillion won. The marginal benefit and cost ratio of irrigation water was 1.08. (4) The total O & M cost per year amounting to 681.1 billion won have been required to maintain and repair the existing irrigation facilities in Korea. For the successful unified O & M of irrigation facilities covering whole irrigated paddy field in Korea, 950 billion won of O & M costs are required to keep up the marginal benefit of irrigation water as 2,800 billion won per year. The total O & M cost as 950 billion won should be allocated 40%, 380 billion won for O & M costs of irrigation facilities and 60%, 570 billion won for improvement of irrigation facilities. (5) The study investigated and reviewed the present O & M status of the irrigation facilities by small and medium irrigation fraternities. Most of the farmers belong to the irrigation fraternities preferred not only unified O & M but also KARICO take-over of the whole O & M activities of the irrigation facilities. The prevailing O & M cost per 10a expended by the Corporation was amounted to 104,890 won, while that of city and Gun governments was only amounted to 4,600 won per 10a. regarding the small amount of O & M cost expended by city and Gun governments, it is evident that the existing irrigation system have been managed ineffectively and deteriorated the facilities comparing that of KARICO. In conclusion, the Government could not satisfied the demand of irrigation water by suppling water with existing irrigation facilities. Therefore new additional investment and financial support for irrigation water development should be made to convert rain-fed and partially irrigated paddy fields into fully irrigated ones. The operation and maintenance cost should be supported to keep the marginal values of rice production of existing irrigation facilities in the national economy and to modernize the obsolete irrigation facilities. By unifying the existing dual O & M systems, all the farmers belong to the irrigated paddy fields have to be equally benefited and could be increased their farm income and be stabilized their rural lives.

교잡종 찰옥수수에 대한 연구 : Ⅰ. 찰옥수수 "연농×재래" 교잡종의 생육 및 수량특성 Ⅰ. Growth and Yield Characteristics in Waxy Maize Hybrid Yeonnong × Jaerae

이희봉,정재영,최현구,김기훈,김효기,주정일 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2001 농업과학연구 Vol.28 No.2

재래종 찰옥수수 F₁ 교잡종에 대한 생육 및 수량비교를 위해 충남대학교 농과대학 실험포장에서 육성한 이들 교잡종의 식물학적 특성에 대한 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 간장은 대조구에 비해 대학찰×재래찰, FR805/1K₃×고령찰이 가장 크게 나타났으나, FR805/1K₃×대학찰, 찰옥 1호에서 대조구와 비슷하게 나타내었다. 2. 착수수는 간장에서와 마찬가지로 대학찰×재래찰, FR805/1K₃×고령찰이 대조구보다 높게 나타났으나 대학찰×재래찰, 찰옥 1호는 비슷하였다. 3. 분얼수는 각 교잡종들간에 큰 차이가 없었다. 4. 이삭의 길이는 대조구에 비해 교잡종들이 거의 2배이상의 크기를 나타내었다. 5. 이삭직경은 FR805/1K₃× 고령찰의 교잡종을 제외하고 대조구와 비슷하게 나타났다. 6. 이삭열수는 Daehakchal×1K₁/LE만이 대조구와 유의성을 나타내고 기타 교잡종은 대조구와 비슷하였다. In order to evaluate the characteristics of growth and yield in F_(1) waxy hybrids using Korean local maize lines, six hybrids including check, Chalok # 1, were planted at the experinental field of e Chungnam National University. Stem and ear heights of Yeonnong × Jaerae and FR805/IK_(3) × Koryong hybrids were higher than the check hybrid. Number of fillers per plant in all hybrids were similar as 0.3 to 0.5 per plant Ear length of waxy hybrids was longer than 15㎝ of check hybrid and ear diameter was also thicker than check except FR805/IK_(3) × Koryong waxy hybrid. A final result, Yeonnong × Jaerae among hybrids was comparatively superior to other hybrids in the test.

「농업과학연구」 투고규정 외

편집부(편집자) 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2015 농업과학연구 Vol.42 No.2

The Economic Feasibility Analysis of Crop Cultivation Practice Project in Pirganj and Kurigram Districts, Bangladesh

나지아 타바섬,임재환,김은순 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2008 농업과학연구 Vol.35 No.1

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) funded collaborative project on The Economic Feasibility Analysis of Crop Cultivation Practice Project in Pirganj and Kurigram Districts in Bangladesh will started during 2008-2012, for 4 years with total project cost of US$ 571,270. The project will be implemented in 6 villages; has 1,097 hectares areas which is divided into 948 hectares of agricultural land, 52 hectares of forest land and 345 hectares of other land, covered 1,059 households equal to 5,305 persons in Pirganj and Kurigram districts The project has proposed to be implemented in joint collaboration by Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (BARC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) and Rangpur Dinajpur Rural Service (RDRS) Bangladesh with full participation of the farmers' groups of respective project site. The specific objectives of the project are: (1) to estimate the productivity of paddy, wheat, maize, tobacco and sugarcane (2) to determine the cost of production and returns to the above mentioned crops (3) to study the interrelationship between inputs and output of the above mentioned crops and (4) to examine the resource utilization patterns at farm level. In this project analysis, the net incremental profit is US$33,028. The expected incremental project benefit and incremented production cost are estimated as US$ 219,959 and US$ 186,931 respectively. The financial decision making criteria would be followed in this crop cultivation practice project. After the project implementation, the expected project benefits are assumed to be continued for 15 years. The benefit cost ratio (B/C) of the project is estimated at 1.077 (table Ⅱ) when using discount rate of 10% as an opportunity cost of capital in Bangladesh. FIRR of project is estimated at 26.15% which is bigger than the opportunity cost by more than double. So this project is financially feasible and acceptable. Therefore, this project should be extended to other areas to increase the farm income and economic growth of marginal poor farmers in Bangladesh. 미국 농무성은 방글라데시의 Pirganj군과 Kurigram군에 작물재배기술을 보급하여 농민들의 소득을 향상시키고 작물의 수량을 제고하여 농민들의 식량을 자급 할 수 있도록 하기 위하여 2008년부터 2012년까지 4개년간 기술지원기금US$ 571,270을 제공할 계획이다. 이 사업의 주목적은 948㏊, 임야개간 52㏊ 및 유휴지 345㏊를 개발하고 농업생산기술을 지도·보급함으로써 농산물의 생산성을 제고시키고 가난한 1,059농가와 5,305명의 농촌농민들의 사회 경제적 생활조건을 개선시키는 것이다. 이 사업을 위하여 방글라데시의 미작연구소, 방글라데시 농업연구위원회, Rangpur Dinajpur 농촌 서비스 센터 및 농민단체들이 참여 하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 (1) 미곡, 밀, 옥수수, 엽연초 및 사탕수수의 생산성을 구명하고, (2) 작물 별 생산비와 소득을 추정하며, (3) 투입 산출물간의 상호관계를 구명하여 (3) 본 사업의 총 수익과 총 사업비를 비교함으로써 본 사업의 재무적 타당성 지표인 FIRR,NPV,B/C Ratio를 구명해 보고자 한다. 본 사업의 연간 순기대총편익은 US$ 33,028이다. 농산물 생산액의 총 증가액은 US$ 219,959이며 총 생산비증가액은 US$186,931로 추정되었다. 본 사업의 재무수익률은 경제분석기간을 15년으로 가정했을 경우 재무수익률(FIRR)이 26.15%로 추정되었으며, 이는 방글라데시의 할인율 10%보다 2.6배가 높게 나타났다. 방글라데시의 할인율을 10%로 볼 경우 B/C Ratio는 1.077이며 NPV는 US$ 101,663로 추정되었다. 따라서 본 사업은 방글라데시의 농촌경제를 활성화 시키고 가난한 농민들의 복지를 증대시키는데 있어 매우 중요한 농업정책으로써, 방글라데시의 타 지역에도 확대 보급함은 물론 재정적 지원을 지속해 나가야 할 것으로 판단된다.

Microcomputer를 이용(利用)한 농업기계요소(農業機械要素)의 Strain 측정(測定)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

김기대,김태균,김성래,Kim, Kee Dae,Kim, Tae Kyun,Kim, Soung Rai 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1981 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.8 No.1

농업기계(農業機械)의 개량(改良) 및 개발(改發)의 새로운 설계(設計)를 위(爲)하여는 기계요소(機械要素)의 strain의 정밀측정(精密測定)이 중요(重要)하다. 각종(各種) 농업기계요소(農業機械要素)의 strain 측정(測定)을 위(爲)하여 현재(現在) 널리 사용(使用)하고 있는 strain 계측장치(計測裝置)의 Recorder는 1,000m/s 이하(以上)의 고속측정(高速測定)에는 이용(利用)하기 어려울뿐아니라 포장(圃場)에서 실험(實驗)할 경우는 매우 불편(不便)하고 또한 Recording paper에 나타난 Analog Data를 인력(人力)에 의(依)해 Digital로 변환(變換)해야 하므로 이때의 분석소요시간(分析所要時間)이 많이 소요(所要)될 뿐 아니라 오차(誤差)의 발생요인(發生要因)도 많이 내포(內包)하고 있다. 본(本) 연구(硏究)는 Amplifier에서 출력(出力)되는 Analog Signal을 A/D 변환기(變換器)를 갖춘 마이크로 콤퓨터에서 실시간(實時間)으로 측정(測定)하고, 이를 보통의 카세트녹음기(錄音器)에 수록(收錄)하였다가 실험후(實驗後) 콤퓨터에 보내 처리(處理)하는 방안(方案)에 관(關)해 연구(硏究)를 실시(實施)한 바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 측정시간간격(測定時間間隔), 사용(使用) channel수(數) 및 data수(數)를 자유(自由)로 조정(調整)할 수 있는 측정(測定) program을 개발(開發)하였으며 특(特)히 측정시간(測定時間) 간격(間隔)은 고속측정(高速測定)이 최소(最少) $62{\mu}s$까지 가능(可能)하였다. 2. Calibration은 funcfion generator와 Oscilloscope를 이용(利用)하여 삼각파(三角波)를 넣어 측정(測定)한 결과(決果)를 콤퓨터에서 plotling한 결과(結果) 정확(正確)한 삼각파(三角波)를 얻을 수 있어 phase distorsion, amplitude distorsion의 문제(問題)가 전혀 없는 것이 인정(認定)되었다. 3. 진동주기(振動週期)가 0.019초(秒)인 Cantilever beam vibrafor의 strain 변화(變化)를 이 실험장치(實驗裝置)로 측정시간(測定時間) 간격(間隔) 1.0ms로 측정(測定)하여 콤퓨터에서 plotting한 결과(結果) 이론치(理論値)와 잘 일치(一致)하는 진동곡선(振動曲線)을 얻었다. 4. 마이크로 콤퓨터는 농업기계요소(農業機械要素)의 strain 측정(測定)에 이용(利用)하면 분석시간(分析時間)이 절약(節約)되고 기록용지(記錄用紙)를 사용(使用)치 않아 경제적(經濟的)일 뿐 아니라 포장실험(圃場實驗) 적응성(適應性)이 우수(優秀)하고 정밀고속측정등(精密高速測定等) 우수(優秀)한 성능(性能)을 갖춘 것으로 인정(認定)된다. To design more efficient agricultural machinery, the accurately measuring system among many other factors is essential. A light-beam oscillographic recorder is generally used in measuring dynamic strain but it is not compatible with the extremely high speed measuring system such as 1,000 m/s, also is susceptable to damage due to vibration while using the system in field. The recorder used light sensitive paper for strip chart recording. The reading and analysis of data from the strip charts is very cumbersome, errorneous and time consuming. A microcomputer was interfaced with A/D converter, microcomputer program was developed for measuring, system calibration was done and the strain generated from a cantilever beam vibrator was measured. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Microcomputer program was developed to perform strain measuring of agricultural machine elements and could be controled freely the measuring intervals, no. of channels and no. of data. The maximum measuring speed was $62{\mu}s$. 2. Calibration the system was performed with triangle wave generated from a function generator and checked by an oscilloscope. The sampled data were processed using HP 3000 minicomputer of Chungnam National University computer center the graphical results were triangle same as input wave and so the system have been out of phase distorsion and amplitude distorsion. 3. The strain generated from a cantilever beam vibrator which has free vibration period of 0.019 second were measured by the system controlled to have l.0 ms of time interval and its computer output showing vibration curve which is well filted to theoretical value. 4. Using microcomputer on measuring the strain of agricultural machine elements could not only save analyzing time and recording papers but also get excellent adaptation to field experiment, especially in measurement requiring high speed and good precision.

농업기계화(農業機械化)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) - 수도이앙작업(水稻移秧作業)의 기계화(機械化)를 중심(中心)으로 -

안수봉,김성래,김기대,Ahn, Su Bong,Kim, Soung Rai,Kim, Ki Dae 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1981 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.8 No.2

수도작(水稻作) 기계화일관작업체계(機械化一貫作業體系)를 통(通)하여 이앙시기(移秧時期)의 노동(勞動)Peak를 해소(解消)하고 또한 소요노동력(所要勞動力) 절감(節減)으로 수도생도비(水稻生度費)의 절감(節減)을 위한 이앙작업(移秧作業)의 기계화(機械化)는 우리나라 현여건하(現與件下)에서 매우 시급(時急)한 과제(課題)이다. 본(本)연구(硏究)는 수도이앙작업(水稻移秧作業) 기계화(機械化)의 보다 적극적(積極的)인 추진(推進)을 위한 기초자료(基礎資料)를 얻기 위해 충청남도(忠淸南道) 일반농가(一般農家) 381호(戶)를 대상(對象)으로 이앙기(移秧機) 이용실태(利用實態) 및 소유성향(所有性向)에 대(對)하여 설문조사 및 청취조사를 실시(實施)하였다. 이 조사자료는 충남대학교(忠南大學校) 전자계산소(電子計算所)의 Computer로 통계(統計) Package인 STATS에 의(依)해 분석(分析)되었다. 이 연구(硏究)에서 밝혀진 중요(重要)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 이앙기(移秧機) 소유(所有) 형태(形態)는 76.09%가 개인소유(個人所有)이나 앞으로 2~3년이내(年以內)에 구입희망농가(購入希望農家)는 52.27%가 공동소유(共同所有) 공동이용(共同利用) 희망(希望)하므로 공동(共同) 이용체제(利用體制)에 대(對)한 연구(硏究)가 보다 강화(强化)되어야 할 것이다. 2. 이앙기(移秧機)로 이앙(移秧)한 수도(水稻)의 수량(收量)은 응답자(應答者)의 91.33%가 증수(增收)되거나 별차(別差)가 없는 것으로 나타나 앞으로 수도이앙기(水稻移秧機)의 농촌보급(農村普及)이 증가(增加)될 것으로 전망(展望)된다. 3. 이앙기소유농가(移秧機所有農家)의 73.26% 산파묘(散播苗) 4조용(條用)을 보유(保有)하고 있으나 2~3년내(年內)에 구입(購入) 희망(希望)하는 농가(農家)의 25.0%가 띠묘(苗) 4조용(條用)을 희망(希望)하므로 띠묘(苗) 4조용(條用)에 대한 농촌보급문제(農村普及問題)도 그 기계(機械)의 특성(特性)으로 보아 재고(再考)되어야 할 것이다. 4. 이앙기소유농가(移秧機所有農家) 및 구입희망농가(購入希望農家)의 부락공동육묘(部落共同育苗)에 대(對)한 희망도(希望度)가 49.71~57.83%로 높으므로 공동육묘(共同育苗)에 대(對)한 기술지원(技術支援) 체제(體制)가 보다 강화(强化)되어야 할 것이다. Mechanization of rice transplanting operation is very important project not only to solve the labor shortage problem at the so-called labor demand peak seasons of the rice transplanting, but also to reduce the production cost of rice by reducing the labor requirements. For these reasons this study was carried out to find the basic data for encourage the project of mechanization of rice transplanting. 381 sample farms were surveyed with questionaries and interviewed with a considerable number of relative personels about the operation, selecting and ownership trend of the rice transplanter. Collected data was analized by computer of Chungnam National University computer center applied to frequencies, cross- tabulation, $x^2$-test. The analized results of this survey are summarized as follows; 1. About 76.09% of the farmers interviewed was individual ownership of rice transplanter but about 52.27% of the farmers who wanted to purchase it in 2 or 3 years supported the cooperative ownership and utilization. This fact suggested that cooperative system of village level should be thoroghly studied. 2. The 93.33% of respondents gave the answer that the yield of rice was not affected by the planting methods between machine and manual. 3. The farmers who had a rice transplanter owned 4- row type rice transplanter with mat type seedling but the 25% of the farmers wanted to purchase it in 2 or 3 years wanted to own a 4 row type rice transplanter with band type seedling. Therefore the introduction of the 4-row type rice transplanter with band type seedling to rural area should be considered again. 4. The percent of farmers who wanted the cooperative system of village level was 49.57-57.83% of the farmers who had it already and wanted to own it in near future. It was strengthened by this fact that seedling nursely work was technically supported by the governmental level.