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김용백,박근성,홍성태 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1995 충남의대잡지 Vol.22 No.2
To determine the current incidence, location and treatment of intraoperative iatrogenic retinal breaks occuring during pars plana vitrectomy, we reviewed the records of 208 consecutive eyes after pars plana vitrectomy. Thirty seven of 208 eyes (18%) developed 68 intraoperative tears. Of the 68 tears, 14 (21%) were located in the anterior to equator and 54 (79%) were located in the posterior to equator. Thirty six retinal tears (43%) were located in the upper quadrants and in the lower quadrants, we detected 47 retinal tears (57%). Patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative vitreoretinopathy had a higher incidence of iatrogenic retinal breaks than those with other diagnoses. Methods used to treat the retinal tears included cryotherapy, laser photocoagulation, scleral buckling, internal tamponade of gas, air and silicone oil. Thirty three of 37 eyes (89%) were reattached. According to the use of endolaser photocoagulation, we divided the period of study that the first half : 1989. 5. - 1991. 6. and the second half : 1993. 1 - 1993. 12. The results of chorioretinal adhesion in the 1st half were higher than those of the second half. These results show that vitreoretinal surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative vitreoretinopathy requires careful managements for prevention of iatrogenic retinal tears. Despite improvements in instrumentation and surgical techniques, iatrogenic retinal tears continue to be an important complication of pars plana vitrectomy. However, with careful intraoperative examination, most iatrogenic retinal tears can be identified and treated successfully.
김용백,정상엽 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1997 충남의대잡지 Vol.24 No.2
To determine clinical features and outcomes of retinal detachment(RD) after trans-scleral fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lens(PC-IOL), we reviewed 259 eyes (203 patients) that received trans-scleral fixation of PC-IOL between 1988 and 1993 with a minimum follow-up of 6 months retrospectively. The mean age of the patients was 53.4±17 years and the mean follow-up period was 16.2±17 months. The causes of trans-scleral fixation of PC-IOL were as follows: aphakia in 106 eyes, posterior capsule rupture during extracapsular cataract extraction(ECCE) in 78 eyes, intracapsular extraction(ICCE) in 26 eyes, PC-IOL exchange for PC-IOL exchange with PC-IOL in 3 eyes. Retinal detachment occurred in 8 out of 259 eyes(3.2%). The incidences of RDs were as follows: PC-IOL exchange for IC-IOL tilt in 2/9 eyes(10.5%), posterior capsule rupture during ECCE in 1/16 eyes(6.3%), ICCE in 1/26 eyes(3.9%), posterior capsule rupture during phacoemusification in 2/78 eyes(2.6%), aphakia in 2/106 eyes(1.9%), anterior IOL exchange with PC-IOL in 0/3 eyes(0%). The sites of retinal breaks corresponded with the directions of needles during fixation in 5/8 eyes(62.5%) and all retinal breaks were found anterior to the equator. The occurrence of RD was between 2 weeks and 4.8 years after fixation but it occured within 2 months in most cases. Pars plana vitrectomy and scleral buckling was performed in 7 eyes and in one eye scleral buckling was done. Retinal reattachment was achieved in all eight eyes though three eyes required two or more surgical interventions and silicone oil remained in situ in two. The vitretomy should be performed with meticulous care to reduce vitreous traction as much as possible during trans-sclera fixation of PC-IOL and a close follow-up examination for RD is required within at least two months.
김용백,Thomas P. Brown,Mary J. Pantin-Jackwood 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.3
In this study, we investigated the effects of T-cell suppression on the pathogenesis of subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J). Chickens were treated with cyclosporin A (CSP) 50 mg/Kg body weight or a corresponding volume of olive oil per every three days after hatching until the end of experiment. Some of the chickens from each treatment group were infected with an isolate of ALV-J, ADOL-7501, at 2 weeks of age. The effects of viral infection were compared to uninfected birds in same treatment group. Intramuscular injection of CSP induced significant T-cell specific immunosuppression determined by decreased cutaneous basophilic hypersensitivity response and decreased lymphocyte mitogenic activity using concanavalin A. Most of the chickens examined had Marek’s disease virus infection prior to 3 weeks of age. The percentage of antibody-positive birds and antibody titers were similar in infected chickens between both treatment groups. The ratio of viremic chickens was significantly higher in CSP treated group than that of the Oil treated group. Microscopically, one CSP treated chicken had a nephroblastoma at 10 weeks post infection. At 7 and 10 weeks post-infection, more chickens had myeloid cell infiltrations in multiple organs including heart, liver and occasionally lung. Expression of ALV-J viral antigen determined by immunohistochemical staining was significantly higher in CSP treated chickens than Oil treated chickens at 10 weeks post-infection. This study indicated that chemically-induced T-cell suppression may enhance pathogenicity of the AVL-J virus in broilers.