서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

Demotivating factors in learning English for elementary school students

Lee,Jihye,Lee,Chung-Hyun 한국초등영어교육학회 2011 초등영어교육 Vol.17 No.1

This study aims to identify the demotivating factors in learning English for Korean 5th and 6th graders and determine the differences in the demotivating factors according to students’ gender and English proficiency. For this study, a 57-item questionnaire was constructed based on eight demotivating factors: teachers’ personality and teaching style, class environment, reduced motivation and interest, characteristics of class, difficulty of learning English, negative attitudes toward second language (L2), attitude of group members, and grading and test score. The questionnaire was completed by 170 students, and seven students were then interviewed. The first finding was that reduced motivation and interest, difficulty of learning English, and characteristics of class were the most demotivating factors in respective order. The second finding showed that male students tended to have more negative attitudes toward L2. The third finding was that the lower their proficiency levels were, the more the students attributed their demotivation to reduced motivation and interest, difficulty of learning English, negative attitudes toward L2, attitude of group members, and grading and test score factors. Based on the results, it is suggested that through identifying learners’ demotivating factors, teachers can reduce the causes of demotivation using various methods applicable for the respective demotivating factors.

호르몬 불응성 전립선암 환자에서 mitoxantrone과 prednisone의 병합화학요법 후 통증완화 및 삶의 질 측정

이홍우,이지열,김세웅,이충범,강성학,조용현,황태곤,박용현,윤문수 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.3

목적 : 호르몬 불응성 전립선암 환자의 생명을 연장시키는 치료법은 현재로는 없으며, 현 시점에서의 치료목표는 증상의 경감 및 소실에 따른 삶의 질 향상에 두고 있다. 호르몬 불응성 전립선암의 고식적인 치료에 일차적인 치료법으로 간주되는 mitoxantrone과 prednisone의 화학요법이 호르몬 불응성 전립선암 환자의 통증완화 및 삶의 질에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보았다. 방법 : 1998년 7월부터 1999년 12월까지 증상이 있는 18명의 호르몬 불응성 전립선암 환자를 대상으로 하였으며, 일차적인 치료의 목표는 환자 본인이 기록하는 McGill-Melzack 6단계 통증척도에서 진통제의 증량 없이 2점이 감소(또는 첫 점수가 1점일 경우 통증의 완전소실)하는 것으로 하였다. 이러한 기준은 최소 3주 간격으로 시행한 자가 기록조사에서 연속적으로 2번 이상 유지될 때 유효한 것으로 간주하였다. 건강과 관련된 삶의 질 측정은 전신적 치료의 임상적 응용을 위한 실제적인 측정방법으로 개발되어 환자가 직접 작성하는 전립선암 특이성 삶의 질 측정기구(Prostate Cancer-Specific Quality-of-Life Instrument : PROSQOLI)의 비례연속형의 자가측정 척도(linear analogue self-assessment scale : LASA)를 이용하였으며, ECOG performance status를 사용하여 전신상태의 변화도 측정하였다. 결과 : 통증의 경감으로 나타나는 고식적인 치료의 반응은 66.7%(12/18)에서 나타났으며, 반응의 지속기간은 2개월에서 10개월까지로 평균 4.2±3.6개월이었다. PROSQOLI로 측정한 삶의 질은 통증에 대한 고식적인 치료반응을 보인 12명(66.7%) 모두가 삶의 질이 개선되었으며 특히 통증, 변비, 소변보기, 전반적인 복지상태에서의 유의한(p<0.05) 증가를 보였다. 치료 후 혈장 PSA 수치는 고식적인 반응의 유무에 관계없이 별 다른 변화를 보이지 않았으며, 골주사 또는 전산화 단층촬영으로 측정한 방사선학적 병변은 고식적인 반응을 보인 2명을 제외하고 치료 전과 비교하여 차이를 보이지 않았다. 병합 화학요법과 관련된 특별한 부작용은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론 : 통증을 동반한 호르몬 불응성 전립선암에서 mitoxantrone과 prednisone의 병합화학요법은 66.7%의 환자에서 통증의 감소 및 삶의 질이 향상되었다. 현재는 혈장 PSA 수치, 병소의 크기나 개수등이 치료의 지침이나 치료결과의 판정을 위한 객관적인 기준으로 사용되는 경향이 있지만, 앞으로는 환자를 중심으로 통증을 포함한 삶의 질 측정이 고식적 치료 후 치료결과 판정에 있어 객관적이고 적절한 방법이 될 것이다. Background : There is no evidence that therapeutic modalities prolong the survival of patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer nowadays. The main goal of treatment is therefore improvement in quality-of-life including palliation of symptoms. We performed this study to investigate the benefit of mitoxantrone and prednisone chemotherapy in patients with symptomatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer using relevant end points of palliation regarding to pain and quality-of-life. Methods : From July 1998 to December 1999, we assessed the 18 patients with symptomatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer receiving mitoxantrone and low dose prednisone. The treatment end point was a palliative response defined as a 2-point decrease in pain assessed by a 6-point pain scale complemented by patients (or complete loss of pain if initially 1+) without an increase in analgesic medication and maintained for two consecutive evaluations at least 3 weeks apart. Health-related quality-of-life was evaluated with a series of linear analogue self-assessment(LASA) scale of the Prostate Cancer-Specific Quality-of-Life Instrument (PROSQOLI) and performance status was also measured. Results : Palliative responses were observed in 12(66.7%) of 18 patients. The duration of palliative responses were 4.2±3.6 months(range: 2 to 10 months). Treatment was well tolerated without specific side effects. There were no differences in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level following treatment and no significant changes of radiologic findings evaluated by bone scan and/or CT were noted except 2 cases after chemotherapy. All the responding patients had an improvement in quality-of-life scales and performance status, however serum PSA levels were not changed. Conclusions : Chemotherapy with mitoxantrone and prednisone provides palliation and an improvement in quality-of-life for more than half (66.7%) of the patients with symptomatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus를 동반한 Multiple sclerosis

이지현,이기주,윤성호,부귀범,손현화,박유환,정춘해,김진호,정원영 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 1998 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.23 No.2

Multiple sclerosis and lupus erythematosus are chronic, potentially disabling diseases of unknown cause. It is a rare occasion that the finding of both diseases occurs in one patient. Because both diseases may affect the central nervous system, it may be difficult at times to differentiate symptoms of lupus erythematosus from those of multiple sclerosis. As far as we know, there was no case report of SLE in multilple sclerosis in Korea. We report a case of multiple sclerosis accompanied by SLE.

심인성 어지럼증 환자의 정신과적 증상에 관한 연구

이경규,이지영,김현우,이정엽,백기청,김재일,이근호 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.5

연구목적 : 어지럼증을 호소하는 환자들 중에 심인성 어지럼증 환자가 상당수 있다는 것은 알려져 있고, 이러한 심인성 어지럼증과 동반되는 정신질환으로는 불안장애, 우울장애, 인격장애 등이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 심인성 어지럼증 환자들의 빈도와 정신과적 증상을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 어지럼증 환자들에게 평형검사, 자세운동측정검사, 자세변화검사, caloric testing을 시행하여 심인성, 말초성 및 중추성의 3군으로 분류한 후 각각 14명, 16명, 32명을 대상으로 하였다. 대상환자들에게 한국판 Beck 우울척도검사(K-BDI), Spielberg의 상태-특성 불안검사(STAI). 간이정신진단검사(SCL-90-R)를 이용하여 정신과적 증상을 측정하여 이들 세 군을 비교분석하였다. 결 과 : 1) 심인성 어지럼증을 가진 환자는 어지럼증을 나타내는 환자 총 62명중에서 14명으로 22.6%를 차지하였다. 2) K-BDI에 따른 세 군간의 비교에서는 세 군간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 3) STAI에 따른 세 군간의 비교에서 상태불안(STAI-S) 및 특성불안(STAI-T) 모두에서 세 군간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 4) SCL-90-R에 따른 세 군간의 비교에서는 9개의 척도 중에서 공포불안척도에서만 중추성 어지럼증군이 47.56±6.90, 말초성 어지럼증 군이 53.50±13.74, 심인성 어지럼증 군이 58.50±16.05로 심인성 어지럼증 환자군이 중추성 어지럼증 환자군에 비하여 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 5) 통증 증상에 있어서는 세 군간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았고, 위장관 증상과 성기능 장애 증상은 중추성과 말초성 어지럼증 군이 심인성 어지럼증 군에 비하여 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 결 론 : 상기 결과를 토대로 했을 때 어지럼증 환자들에 대한 정신과적 접근을 위하여 각 군을 나누는 것은 별 의미가 없으며 어지럼증 환자들의 어지럼증 자체에 대한 직접적이고 집중적인 치료가 더욱 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Objectives : This study was aimed to investigate psychiatric symptoms in patients with psychogenic dizziness and compare these findings with those of patients with central and peripheral dizziness. Methods : A total of 62 patients with dizziness was the subject of investigation, and patients were classified into 32 with central type, 16 with peripheral type, and 14 with psychogenic type. Korean standardized Beck Depression Inventory(K-BDI), State and Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI), and Korean standardized edition of Symptom Checklist 90 Revised(SCL-90-R) were used for the assessment. Statistically, Pearson's chi-square test and one-way ANOVA with Scheffe's test were used with SPSS/PC for windows 6.0. Results : The results were as follows : 1) The proportion of psychogenic dizziness was 22.6% of the total subjects. 2) Total scores of K-BDI were not significantly different among the 3 groups. 3) Total scores of state anxiety and trait anxiety were not significantly different among the 3 groups. 4) In SCL-90-R, psychogenic dizziness group showed significantly higher score of phobic anxiety only(p<0.01) than central dizziness group. And others were not significantly different among the 3 groups. 5) In additional somatic symptoms, pain score was not different among the 3 groups, but gastrointestinal and sexual symptoms scores of central and peripheral dizziness group were significantly higher than those of psychogenic dizziness group(p<0.01). Conclusion : These results suggest that psychiatric symptoms in patients with psychogenic dizziness are not different from those of patients with central or peripheral dizziness. Therefore, the more direct and intensive treatment may be necessary regardless of the type of dizziness.

중년여성 레크리에이션 프로그램 효과 검증

김정현(Jung Hyun Kim),최혜련(Hye Lyeon Choi),이충영(Chung Young Lee) 한국사회체육학회 2011 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.43

This study aims to design recreation programs and provide them for middle aged women in order to decrease the levels of depression and stress, and improve the level of self-esteem that they experience. Special recreation programs serving for these purposes were invented by combining motions, dances, games and songs, and then applied to 374 middle aged women who resided in Kyung ki-Do and Chung chung-Do. A 5-point Likert type scale was used for the questions, and the same survey was carried out before and after the respondents participated in the recreation programs, in order to find whether the applied recreation programs were effective. The results of the quantitative analyses support the positive role of well-designed recreation programs: First, the recreation programs significantly decreased the level of depression of middle aged women; Second, they significantly reduced the level of stress of middle aged women, and; Finally they significantly improved the level of self-esteem of middle aged women.

HBV : Dynamic Change of HBsAg Titer during Anti-Viral Therapy in Treatment-Na?ve Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B

( Han Wook Chung ),( Yu Jin Ko ),( Sang Wook Lee ),( Hyun Woong Lee ),( Hyung Joon Kim ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1

Background/Aims: Quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) titers are emerging as useful tools for measuring viral load and predicting predicting virologic response (VR). This study aimed to determine whether serial monitoring of HBsAg levels could predict virologic response to entecavir(ETV) & clevudine(CLV) therapy in treatment-naive patients with CHB Methods: A total of 157 treatment-naive patients with CHB, who visited Chung-Ang University Hospital between January 2007 and December 2008, were enrolled in this study (100 males). 97 patients(69 males, mean age 48) were treated with ETV for average 53 months, and 60 patients (31 males, mean age 43) were treated with CLV for 26months average. HBsAg levels were measured at baseline, week 12, 24, and 48. All patients were assessed for virological response (HBV DNA<140 copies/mL). Serum HBV DNA was quantified using the real time PCR assay (Artus HBV LC PCR Kit, Roche Diagnostics, lower limit of quantification, 140 copies/mL). Results: In 97 ETV-treated patients, the rates of virological response were 56.7% (55/97) at 48months and 60 CLV-treated patients, 30% (18/60) at 24 months, respectively. Mean reduction of baseline HBV DNA was -5.3, and -4.9 log10 copies/mL. In 55 VR patients treated with ETV, 43(78.1%) patients showed early decline of HBsAg titer and 31(56.3%) patients had lower baseline HBsAg levels (< 3.7 log IU/mL). In 18 VR patients treated with CLV, 9(50%) patients showed early decline of HBsAg titer and 11(61.1%) patients had also lower baseline HBsAg levels (< 3.7 log IU/mL) . Conclusions: Early decline of HBsAg was useful for predicting VR, and baseline HBsAg could be indicative as well in CHB patients treated with ETV than patients treated with CLV.

사후분해 시체에 대한 법의학적 접근

최영식,이상용,김유훈,조갑래,이봉우,양경무,정낙은,서중석,이한영,이원태,강현욱 大韓法醫學會 2000 대한법의학회지 Vol.24 No.2

Disposal of a homicide victim by dismemberment is rare, but individual cases are on record in most major medicolegal departments. Recognition of postmortem mutilation may be of importance in the interpretation of certain murders committed by sexual perverts and other mentally deranged individuals and sometimes performed for the sole reason of easier disposal of the body. Postmortem dismemberment is usually readily recognizable as such; The edges of the injuries are dry and lack evidence of bleeding. The joints may be disarticulated without fracture, or the use of an axe or saw may be evident from examination of bones. Parallel horizontal or oblique furrows in the bone surface are caused by skipping of the saw prior to establishing depth. Such patterns on the bone may assist in identifying the particular saw involved. So we report 25 dismembered corpses that autopsied in National Institute of Scientific Investigation. This paper can help in attempting to establish not only the first criminal investigation steps but also the medicolegal approach methods in unidentified and dismembered deaths.

Slide Session : OS-IFD-07 ; Infectious Disease : In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus

( Myung Jin Lee ),( Kye Hyung Kim ),( Jong Youn Yi ),( Su Jin Choi ),( Chung Jong Kim ),( Nak Hyun Kim ),( Kyoung Ho Song ),( Pyoeng Gyun Choi ),( Ji Hwan Bang ),( Wan Beom Park ),( Eu Suk Kim ),( San 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Myung Jin LEE1, Kye-Hyung KIM1, Jongyoun YI2, SuJin CHOI1, Chung-Jong KIM1, Nak- Hyun KIM1, Kyoung-Ho SONG1, Pyoeng Gyun CHOI1, Ji-Hwan BANG1, Wan Beom PARK1, Eu Suk KIM1, Sang-Won PARK1, Hong Bin KIM1, Nam Joong KIM1, Myoung- Don OH1 Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea1, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Korea2 Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel Bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). No effective antiviral therapy is proven yet, but clinical use of ribavirin (RBV) has been tried. We investigated the antiviral effect of RBV against SFTSV in vitro. Methods: To test for cytotoxicity of RBV, Vero cells were treated with different concentrations of RBV (3.90 to 500 μg/mL, two-fold dilution) and analyzed by cell viability MTS assay 48h post-infection. To determine antiviral activity of RBV against SFTSV, Vero cells were infected with SFTSV strain Gangwon/Korea/2012 at 100 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) per well in a 96-well plate, and RBV was added at the concentrations showing no or minimal cytotoxicity. Viral RNAs were extracted from the culture supernatants and quantifi ed using one-step real-time reverse transcription- PCR to amplify the partial large segment of SFTSV. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA with Tukey`s post hoc test. Results: Cytotoxicity due to RBV was not observed at RBV concentration =31.3 μg/ mL. Viral RNAs at 24h post-RBV treatment were reduced with increasing RBV concentrations (1-32 μg/mL), compared with those of mock-treated cells (P <0.01, Figure). Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of RBV was 3.69 μg/mL at 24h post-RBV treatment. Conclusions: Our study shows that RBV has antiviral effect against SFTSV in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies are required to evaluate the effi cacy of RBV in SFTS.

Infliximab으로 호전된 장관 증상없이 발생한 구강-안면 크론병

정보용 ( Bo Yong Jung ),이석호 ( Suck Ho Lee ),정승규 ( Seung Kyu Chung ),이창균 ( Chang Kyun Lee1 ),이태훈 ( Tae Hoon Lee ),정일권 ( Il Kwun Chung ),김선주 ( Sun Joo Kim ),조현득 ( Hyun Deuk Cho ) 대한소화기학회 2012 대한소화기학회지 Vol.59 No.6

Crohn`s disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can involve the whole gastrointestinal tract. The orofacial manifestation of Crohn`s disease, which is rare, can develop irrespective of intestinal involvement. These orofacial lesions are often misdiagnosed as simple oral ulcers. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of therapy for orofacial Crohn`s disease. However, infliximab, the chimeric monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-α, is now considered as a primary treatment because of the disease`s relatively high rate of steroid resistance. We present a case of deep oral ulcer and periorbital swelling in a 65-year-old woman. She was diagnosed with intestinal Crohn`s disease 7 years ago, which was in remission after treatment with an immunosuppressive agent (azathioprine). The patient was given the diagnosed with orofacial Crohn`s disease and successfully treated with infliximab. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2012;59:437-440)