봉독약침이 류마티스 관절염 환자의 관절 통증, 종창 및 급성 염증 반응에 미치는 영향

이상훈,이현종,백용현,김수영,박재경,홍승재,양형인,김건식,이재동,최도영,이두익,이윤호 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-

Objective In order to study the effects of bee venom(BV) on the pain, edema, and acute inflammatory reactant of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients. Methods Patients with RA who met the ACR(American College of Rheumatology) 1987 revised criteria for the diagnosis of RA were treated with the BV therapy twice a week for 3 months. Tender Joint counts, swollen joint counts, Visual analog scale(VAS), morning stiffness, ESR. C-reactive protein(CRP) were analyzed before and after BV therapy. Results The results as follows. 1. Tender joint counts in patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(9.0±7.9 vs 15± 11.4, p=0.002). 2. Swollen joint counts of the patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(50±61 vs 15±23, p=0.001). 3. VAS in patients after BV therapy was significantly lower than those before BV therapy(608± 17.6 vs 380± 159, p=0.000). 4. Duration of morning stiffness in patients after BV therapy was significantly reduced compared with that before BV therapy(119.1± 112.6 min vs 59.0±89.7 min, p=0.009). 5. ESR and CRP were not significantly changed before and after BV therapy, suggesting BV itself could make inflammatory reaction as well as therapeutic effect. Conclusions BV therapy improved tender joint counts, swollen joint counts and duration of morning stiffness in this study, and further study is needed on long-term effect of BV therapy.

크롬(Ⅵ)의 체내 흡수와 소실속도에 관한 연구

김현영,이성배,임철홍,이권섭,정용현,이종성,한정희,전윤석,황호순,이용묵 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The CrO3 mostly used in plating. metal surface disposal, leather, cosmetic manufacturing, as an experiment material by repeatedly inhaling and exposure the male S.D. rats at a 0.00, 0.2., 0.50, 1.25 mg/㎡ concentration(particle size: 0.5-0.5 aerosol)6hours a day, 5day a week in 13weeks comparing with 2weeks, 8weeks of recovery group about the noxiousness of the experiment animal and the reduce scale of the CrO3 in the internal organ especially in blook and respiratory organ with the period of convalescent and clearance. The experiment results which we received are as follows. 1. In blood the RBC, HGB and HCT experiment, rats with 0.20, 0.50 mg/㎡ concentration showed that there were some decreases but not dependent. The kidneys absolute weight compared with control group was reduced intentionally(p〈0.05) and the lungs absolute weight compared with control group showed intentional increase(p〉0.05). 2. After the exposure of the experiment material, the whole blook, l\blood plasma and red blood cell in blood by (x): the period of convalescent, per (y); the decreasing of Cr concentration, was y=66.51 e -0.057x, y=67.2 e-0.101x, y=70.01 e-0.030 in 0.50 mg/㎡ exposure concentration by calculating the clearance coefficient of correlation, and the half life (day)was estimated 12.0, 6086, 23.0 each. 3, After the exposure of the experiment material, the experiment animals lung, liver and kidneys by(x); the period of convalescent, per (y); the decreasing of Cr conentration, was y=1808 e-0.00493x, y=12.02e-0.0297x, y=67.61 e-0.0292x in 0.50mg/㎡ exposure concentration by calculating the clearance coefficient of correlation, and the half life(day)was estimated 140.6, 23.3, 23.7, each, and including lung, liver with all of the experiment internal organs, the Cr clearance decreased as the exposure concentration increased.

췌장염에 의한 가성낭종내에 생긴 가성동맥류 : 1례 보고

오연희,이채경,김승현,이성우,양창현,이정호,이영현 동국대학교 경주대학 1996 東國論集 Vol.15 No.-

만성 췌장염의 합병증으로 생긴 가성동맥류는 드문질환으로, 반복적으로 다량의 출혈을 일으킬 수 있으며, 치료를 하지 않을 경우 사망율이 높기 때문에, 조기 진단과 치료가 필수적이다. 저자들은 38세 남자 환자에서 췌장염의 합병증으로 생긴 가성낭종내에서 발생한 가성동맥류 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 가성 동맥류의 색혈류도플러상 낭종내에 양방향 흐름의 와류를 볼 수 있었다. Pancreatic Pseudoaneurysm within Pseudocyst from Pancreatitis: 1 Case Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Internal Medicine, College of Medicine,DongGuk University Yeon Hee OH M.D., Chae Kyeong Lee M.D., Seoung Hyeon Kim M.D., Sung Woo Lee M.D., Chang Heon Yang M.D., Jung Ho Lee M.D., Young Hyun Lee M.D. Pseudoaneurysm from pancreatitis is uncommon, but it can cause recurrent and massive hemorrhage. Because of high morbidity and mortality, early detection and treatment of the pseudoaneurysm is needed. We report a case of pseudoaneurysm within pseudocyst from pancreatitis. Color-flow Doppler sonography shows bidirectional flow and turbulent arterial flow, within anechoic mass.

혈액 투석 환자에서 중심정맥 협착에 대한 스텐트 삽입술 : Wallstent Placement

임대승,노상필,이유선,정승현,김보영,이정우,강정아,김정희,이민수,정준용,최시완,정진옥,성인환,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.1

Stenosis of central vein is a common complication arising after percutaneous subclavian vein catheter insertion performed for temporary vascular access in chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. There are several treatment methods for the condition like percutaneous angioplasty(PTA), stent insertion, and surgery, but recent trend is toward PTA and stents. Among the patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure from March 1993 to May 2002 and undergoing hemodialysis through AV fistula, the 14 Patients in whom central vein stenosis arose were selected for the study. A total of 28 percutaneous interventions(5 PTA and 23 stent placement) were performed, and restenosis rate and the time taken till the restenosis in de novo lesions and instant lesions were compared. All 28 cases were operated successfully. The 14 cases that received both anigioplasty and stent placement initially. (de novo lesion : 14 cases), Among the 10 cases with de novo lesion that followed up more than 1 year, 3 cases are currently undergoing hemodialysis without restenosis, and the remaining 7 cases have recurred stenosis with the mean time to restenosis of 10.9 months. In the 7 cases in whom stenosis recurred, 11 interventions were done(instent lesion: 11 cases). 4 of these were using only ballon angioplasty with 100% restenosis rate and the mean time of 3 months until restenosis. The remaining 7 cases were using both balloon angioplasty and stent placement, also with 100% restenosis rate but with the mean time of 12 months until restenosis, which was later than the group receiving only balloon angioplasty. In treating the patients with central vein stenosis, stent placement seems to be more advantageous over PTA in terms of restenosis rate and the mean duration of patency. In the case of instent lesion, inserting the stent for the second time after stenosis recurred lengthened the duration of patency compared to performing balloon angioplasty alone.

당뇨병과 동반된 화농성 간농양의 임상상 및 예후인자

오은숙,강무일,이원영,오기원,임동준,이소영,이정민,고승현,김성래,안유배,손현식,윤건호,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구 대한당뇨병학회 2000 임상당뇨병 Vol.1 No.1

연구배경: 감염질환은 혈관질환과 함께 당뇨병의 중요한 사망원인의 하나이며, 혈당조절이 불량할수록 감염 빈도가 증가됨은 잘 알려져 있다. 간농양의 발생이 있어서도 당뇨병은 중요한 기저질환 중의 하나이다. 일반적으로 간농양의 가장 흔한 원인균은 Escherichi coli라고 알려져 있으나, 최근 당뇨병을 가진 간농양 환자에서 Klesiella pneumoniae의 검출이 증가되고 있다. 또 최근 연구에 의하면 K.pneumonie가 간농양의 가장 흔한 원인균이며, K. pneumoniae에 의한 간농양은 K.pneumoniae 이외의 균주에 의한 간농양보다 당뇨병과 밀접히 관련되어 있다고 보고된 바 있다. 이에 저자들은 간농양 환자를 대상으로 당뇨병환자의 빈도를 알아보고, 그 원인균 및 특징을 비당뇨병 환자들의 경우와 비교해 보고자 하였다. 방법: 1992년 1월부터 1999년 6월까지 방사선학적 검사 혹은 수술에 의해 간농양이 확인되거나, 경피적 천자나 수술을 통한 배농액 배양, 혹은 혈액 검사에서 원인균이 증명된 182명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 임상고찰을 실시하였다. 결과: 화농성 농양을 가진 167명의 환자(남:94명, 여:73명)중 당뇨병을 가진 환자는 54명 (남:30명, 여:24명)으로 32.3%를 차지하였다. 환자의 평균나이는 당뇨군에서 62.1 ± 13.4세, 비당뇨군에서는 55.1 ±15.5세로 당뇨군에서 높았으며(p=0.0021), 남녀간의 평균나이 비교 시 두 군 모두 여성의 나이가 의미있게 높았다. 비당뇨군에 비하여 당뇨군의 경우 저알부민혈증의 빈도와 aspartate transaminase가 증가되어있었다. 원인균주는 K. pneumoniae (당뇨군54%, 비당뇨군 39.1%), E. coli(당뇨군 17.5%, 비당뇨군 18.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus viridans, Enterococcus 순이었으며 두 군간의 의미는 차이는 없었으나 K. pneumoniae의 경우 다른 균종에 비해 단독감염의 빈도가 높았다(82.8%). 사망률은 당뇨군에서 16.7%, 비당뇨군에서 7.1%로 당뇨군에서 의미있게 높았으며(p=0.019), 당뇨군에서의 사망환자는 모두 패혈증이 동반되어 있었다. 당뇨환자의 사망군은 생존군에 비해 당뇨병 이환기간이 길고 혼합감염의 빈도가 높았다(p=0.046). 검사실 소견에서는 총 빌리루빈 및 알카리성 포스파타제의 증가가 관찰되어 있었다. 결론: E. coli가 간농양의 주된 원인균이라는 기존 보고와는 달리 당뇨군과 비당뇨군 모두 K. pneumoniae가 간농양의 주된 원인균이었다. 또한 당뇨 유병기간이 길고 당뇨조절이 불량한 환자에서 혼합감염이며 총 빌리루빈 및 알카리성 포스파타제의 증가등과 같은 위험인자가 존재할 경우 사망률이 증가될 수 있으므로 이들 군에서는 적극적인 치료가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background: Liver abscesses are commonly associated with underlying disease, particularly diabete mellitus. The number of the liver abscesses caused by Klebslella pneumoniae in diabetic patient has been increased in Korea nowadays. This study was conducted to clarify the clinical presentation and prognostic factors of pyogenic liver abscesses, especially in diabetic patients and to determine the proportion of K. pneunomiae as a pathogen in liver abscess in Korea. Methods: Medical records of 167 patients treated for pyogenic liver abscess from January, 1992 through June, 1999 were reviewed retrospectively in detail. Major Pathogenic organism, clinical manifestations, prognostic factors, the importance of diabetes mellilus as an underlying disease and its effect on clinical features and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Among 167 cases of pyogenic liver abscess, underlying diabetes mellitus was present in 32.3%. The mean age of patients was 62.7 13.4 years in diabetic liver abscess group and 55.1 15.5 years in non-diabetic liver abscess group. Most liver abscesses were cryptogenic in origin or secondary to the billary tree diseases. The clinical presentations among the two groups were not significantly different. When compared to patients without diabetes, patients with diabetes had significantly higher proportions of hypoalbuminemia and elevated aspartate transaminase level. The most common organism of the pyogenic abscess was K. pneumoniae in both groups. Percutaneous drainage of the abscess with appropriate antibiotics was the most commonly used therapeutic modality in liver abscess. The mortality rate of diabetic liver abscess is 16.1 % and 7.1% in nondiabetic liver abscess. Complications, especially septicemla, were found more frequently in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes (64.8% vs 28.3%, septicemia : 31.5% vs 9.7%). The factors influencing mortality in the diabetic liver abscess were disease duration, mixed infection, presence of septicemia, elevated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. Conclusions: In contrast to prior report that the E. coli was the most common pathogen in liver abscess, we found that K. pneumoniae was the most common organism cultured in liver abscess. Diabetic patients have more complications and higher mortality than patients without diabetes. Early detection and proper treatment are needed to improve the outcome for diabetic patient with liver abscess.

Nanogenerators: Fully Rollable Transparent Nanogenerators Based on Graphene Electrodes (Adv. Mater. 19/2010)

Choi, Dukhyun,Choi, Min-Yeol,Choi, Won Mook,Shin, Hyeon-Jin,Park, Hyun-Kyu,Seo, Ju-Seok,Park, Jongbong,Yoon, Seon-Mi,Chae, Seung Jin,Lee, Young Hee,Kim, Sang-Woo,Choi, Jae-Young,Lee, Sang Yoon,Kim, Jo WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.22 No.19

<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>The cover shows an image of fully rollable transparent nanogenerators synthesized using chemical vapor deposition grown large-scale graphene sheets as transparent electrodes and piezoelectric ZnO nanorod arrays. Sang-Woo Kim, Jae-Young Choi, and co-workers report on p. 2187 the electrical and structural stability of the nanogenerators, with excellent charge scavenging performance under external mechanical loads such as bending and rolling. This study shows that graphene-based nanogenerators are very promising for self-powered rollable transparent device applications. <img src='wiley_img_2010/09359648-2010-22-19-ADMA201090066-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/09359648-2010-22-19-ADMA201090066-content'> </P>

전기도금한 교정용 스테인레스스틸 선재의 세포독성에 관한 연구

이계형,황현식,이옥,성영은 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2003 구강과학 Vol.15 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible clinical application through examining the cytotoxicity of orthodontic wire, which was increased diameter using electroplating. First, nickel plating was done on the commercially available stainless steel wire using a electroplating technique. And for the comparison electroplated wire with ready made stainless steel wire and titanium or copper. each wire was incubates for 72 hours on the medium. The release of the metal ion was measured using ICP-AES. The incubated medium was diluted 75%, 50%, 25% and added on the microplate each with Balb/c 373 mouse fibroblast for MTT analysis and compared with medium only. Through the measuring of the change in absorbency value of each wire group and the difference of absorbency value according to change of dilution, following results were obtained. 1. The results of ICP-AES analysis showed that lots of nickel ions were isolated from electroplated orthodontic wires and lots of copper ions were isolated from copper. 2. The inverted microscope showed that numbers of cells were decreased at the electroplated wire and copper. 3. The results of MTT analysis showed that there was no difference of the absorbency value of titanium at any dilution. 4. The results of MTT analysis showed that the absorbency values of the electroplated wires were lower than those of medium only at all dilutions, and showed statistically significant differences(p<0.001). 5. The results of MTT analysis showed that the absorbency value of the stainless steel wires were lower than those of medium only at all dilutions, and showed statistically significant differences(p<0.05). 6. The results of MTT analysis showed that the absorbency value of the copper were lower than those of medium only at all dilutions, and showed statistically significant differences(p<0.001). 7. Assessment as per ISO 10993, part 5, titanium and stainless steel wire investigated corresponded to "non-cytotoxic". Whereas copper was "highly cytotoxic", electroplated wire was alloted to "moderate cytotoxic". The results of this study indicate that the electroplated orthodontic wires need additional efforts in order to decrease cytotoxicity for their clinical applications.

북한의 경제정책과 운용에 관한 소고

李相直,金賢友 대구산업정보대학 1997 논문집 Vol.11 No.1

The bankruptcy of the North Korean economy has considerable impact on the condition that South Korea has prepared for unity and reunification. The purpose of this paper is not to assess the economic miscarriage of North Korea but to open wider preparation of a unity and reunification. There are two viewpoints to observe the management method on the North Korean economy. One is to consider it as planning economy, different from free market economy, the other is as a transitional period, from socialism to communism. According to this point of view, we can define the operating system of the North Korean economy as a socialist planning economy. In front of us, however, it leaves a question on the system of N. K. economy when we see the level of productivity of N. K. Therefore the system could be called a precapitalist society rather than socialist planning economy is reasonable. Nevertheless, in reality N. K. is just defining as socialism by itself with declaration to the World. The fundamental recognition of the North Korean economy is based on solidarity and a rational view of social life. And the economic order of N. K. is planning economy, allocation of resources consists of a central-planning administrative order. On considering the relation of property, the crucial means of material production is becoming socialized. Socialization on means of material production is collective ownership, cooperative association management and whole-people ownership, state management. And they have only the validation of labor as creating unique value, the rate of exchange is determined in proportion to the quantity of labor, invested of goods production. So price control is achieved by single-price plan, the keynote of economic policy stand on the basis of keeping pace with the priority of heavy industry, the munitions industry and autarky-consequently there was no profit of international division of labor. This could be made a firm belief that assure a notable difference in economy power between N. K. stems from autarky and S. K. from exports drive policy. Recently N. K. is searching new economic policy and mediating industrial structure. As we have seen, the analysis of North Korean circumstances is not to approach the consolidcition of the division of the Korean peninsula but to unify it. For that reason, if we make an analysis of reunification more concretely, it could be showed as a desirable solution.

부산시 고등학교 교사들의 환경교육 의식에 관한 연구

이상준,이현미 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 1994 環境硏究報 Vol.12 No.-

This study was attempted to analyze teacher's consciousness for environment in high schools. In order to achieve this purpose, a method of questionaire was administered to obtain some information helping to investigate and analyze the next problems from the total of 455 high school teachers (distribute 480;94%) selected from 24 public and private high schools in 12 districts in Pusan city. There were some survey questions as follows, experience and knowledge of environmental education, necessity for environmental education, and the actual conditions of environmental education and teachers' consciousness. The results obtained to analyze the data based upon present study were as follows. 1) The results show that there are far more teachers not having the environmental education in past (72.3%) than ones having it (27.7%). Among those who have experience of environmental education, science teachers (41.9%) command an (overwhelming) majority. Most of them pointed out the teacher's workshop(33.3%) where they were educated. It is shown to have more relative importance to afford an opportunity of environment education. 86.5% of the responding teachers recognized helping of experience of having the environmental education in the past to educate students practically, 62.0% wanted a little more knowledge, because they recognize the need of the informations about environmental education. 2) 52.6% answered "normal" to the question of environmental problems of his residential district, secondary majority (28.1%) stated "serious" to the question. 3) 96.9% of high school teachers recognized the need of the systematic environmental education, 45.3% of them thought the environmental education do well to be included in curriculum for primary, middle and high schools. As the most suitable subject of environmental education in charge, 73.7% of teachers stated "Science", 50.1% gave their approval to a new establishment of independent subject, namely "environmental science". Teachers obtained most knowledge about environmental problems in newspaper of maganzines (45.8%). As for the most important materials for environmental education, video tapes got 73.2%. 4) Teachers having environmental education often lectured on the subject (82.5%) but, most of them have still taught current curriculum. 5) Most of them told that the role of teachers to change the students' attitude toward environment is very important (73.8%), and teachers in the high school showed deep interests(94.5%) in environmental problems. They also stressed the positive aid of government, specially the urgent need of reference books or audio-visual materials(53.2%) to carry out more effective environmental education under present inferior circumstance.

재래종 참외 종자 및 생육초기 주요형질의 유전력과 상관관계 분석

이상우,박상현,강호종,안상열,채윤석,김주현 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 2000 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.13 No.-

This experiment was conducted to obtain some basic imformation for korean native oriental melon breeding. Genetic variability, heritability, and correlation on 13 characters were analyzed. The results are summarized as follows; 1. Among 13 characters, plant height and length of lateral shoot showed high level of GCV(110-362%) and ECV(89-101%). The rest characters showed low level of GCV(7-21%) and ECV(0.16-9%). 2. Heritabilities of 13 characters investigated were high as over 50%. Especially those of hypocotyl length, 100-seed weigth and seed width were very high (> 95%). 3. High level correlation values were observed among seed characters and seedling characters. 4. Plant characters of early growth stage, except leaf stalk length, were not related with characters of seed or seedling 5. In early plant growth stage, plant height and length of lateral shoot were correlated positively with number of node, number of lateral shoot, leaf length and leaf width.