정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

초고속 치과용 핸드피스 개발

한명철,김정관,최명욱,이왕근,김헌주 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

The dental high-speed handpiece is one of the most popular and important devices that has been widely used as the main means of cutting tooth structure and restorative materials in dentistry, In consideration of usage and marketability of the dental handpiece, it is obviously worthy of investigating it. In this paper, a high speed dendal handpiece is developed through reverse engineering with 3D X-Ray CT equipment and wire cutter for the Mark II model in NSK. The demension of the handpiece parts is obtained through this process, and 3D modeling is performed with CATIA V5. The interference between parts can be examined through the part assembly in CATIA, and the performance is finally compared with Mark II model in NSK.

초등 과학 지구 영역 '암석' 단원에 대한 학습차원의 하위 범주 분석

한영욱,최정미,곽민숙 부산교육대학교 과학교육연구소 2005 科學敎育硏究 Vol.30 No.-

In this study, the earth units rock in center of elementary school science were classified to the lower categories of Dimensions of Learning out of the 7th National Curriculum using the Demensions of Learning Project developed by ASCD in USA. Also they were investigated which lower categories of Dimensions of Learning were used to the Curriculum. The results were as follows ; First, the percentages of using lower categories of Dimensions of Learning were difference especially subject. subject F, C(21varieties) were used plentifully and subject D(16varieties) was used few. This result is because quality of subject. second, the average percentages of using the lower categories of Dimensions of Learning was similar according to grade 3 to 6. For example, the average percentages of using the lower categories of Dimensions of Learning was similar by 69.6%, 66.1%, 60.7%, 67.9%. third, percentages of using the lower categories of Dimensions of Learning was becoming intensively in Dimension 1 and Dimension 2 (Attitudes and Perception, Acquir and Integrate Knowledge). forth, Consequently in Grade especially use ratio of Dimension 5, grade 3, 4 to compare in grade 5, 6 was plentifully used. fifth, Consequently in time especially the average percentages of using the lower categories of Dimensions of Learning was a great extent in 6th grade. the results are considered to agrees with a research result which evenly using, accomplishing is high. sixth, look of Dimension 2 were used plentifully. Because of observatioing is many and data provision picture is many.

척수종양의 임상적 관찰

송재욱,김수한,우정현 全南大醫大 1987 전남의대학술지 Vol.24 No.1

수직적 안모형태와 치아성숙도의 상관관계에 대한 연구

구용한,현홍근,김정욱,장기택,이상훈,한세현,김종철 大韓小兒齒科學會 2010 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.37 No.1

본 연구는 수직적 안모형태와 치아성숙도의 관계를 평가하고 이러한 연관성에 대한 사춘기 성장의 영향을 평가하기 위한 것이다. 이번 연구를 위해 7세에서 9세, 13세에서 15세 환자 1306명을 Ricketts의 VERT index를 이용하여 수직적 안모 형태를 분류하였고 환자들의 치령을 Demirjian법으로 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 모든 군에서 치령이 역령과 비교 시 통계적으로 유의한 수준에서 크게 측정되었다. 2. 사춘기 연령군에서 brachyfacial type의 경우가 dolichofacial type 보다 치아성숙도가 크게 나타나는 경향을 보였다. 여성의 경우는 통계적으로 유의성있게 차이가 나타났으며, 남성의 경우는 통계적 유의성은 보이지 않았다. 3. Brachyfacial type의 경우 사춘기전 군들과 비교 시 사춘기 군들에서 치아성숙도가 유의성있게 높게 나타났으며, dolichofacial type의 경우는 연령층간 치아성숙도의 차이를 보이지 않았다. The purpose of this investigation was to study the relationship between vertical facial pattern and dental maturation in children in pubertal and pre-pubertal periods. The material consisted of lateral head films and panoramic radiographs of 1306 patients. The subjects were selected according to Ricketts's VERT index and other including criteria. These subjects were divided by VERT index to brachyfacial group and dolichofacial group. In each selected subject, dental age was determined according to Demirjian's dental maturity score. All subjects were distributed according to age, vertical facial type and sex, mean and standard deviation of chronological age, dental age and age difference were determined in each group. And the data were analysed to find the difference of tooth maturation by facial pattern. Findings of this study include: 1. In all groups, dental age was determined higher than chronological age in statistically significant level. 2. Compared by vertical facial pattern, in pubertal age groups, it seems that subjects with brachyfacial type presented the tendency to have an advanced dental maturation, only in female group. 3. Compared by pubertal period, brachyfacial groups presented more advanced dental maturation in pubertal groups than pre-pubertal groups.

서울대학교치과병원 소아치과를 내원한 교정환자의 분포양상에 대한 연구

구용한,현홍근,김정욱,장기택,이상훈,한세현,김종철 大韓小兒齒科學會 2009 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.36 No.4

과거에 비해 소아 및 청소년기에 교정치료를 시작하는 경우가 증가하고 있으며 따라서 소아치과에서 교정치료가 차지하는 비율 역시 증가하는 추세이다. 이러한 변화에 맞추어 소아치과에 내원하는 교정환자의 분포 양상을 파악하기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 2006년 1월부터 2008년 12월까지 서울대학교 치과병원 소아치과를 내원한 환자 중 교정 진단 받은 792명을 대상으로 조사를 진행하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 교정 진단을 받은 환자의 연령 분포는 8세가 22%로 가장 많았고 7세(19%), 9세(16%) 순서로 나타났다. 2. 골격 분포는 골격성 1급 부정교합이 52%로 가장 많았고 3급(29%), 2급(19%)순서로 나타났으며 연령이 낮은 경우 3급 부정교합 환자의 비율이 높은 경향을 보였다. 3. 총 792명의 환자 중 28%인 218명에서 전치부 반대교합을 보였으며 연령이 낮은 경우 그 비율이 높은 경향을 보였다. Distribution of orthodontic patients in pediatric dental clinics has increased recently. So it is worth to study about the present status of orthodontic patients in pediatric dental clinics. The purpose of this study was to recognize the characteristics and orthodontic patterns of orthodontic patients in pediatric dental clinics. The material consisted of distribution and orthodontic analysis records of 792 new patients in the department of pediatric dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, from 2006 to 2008. Results were as follows 1. In age distribution, 8-year-olds group comprised 22%, 7-year-olds 19%, 9-year-olds 16%, 10-year olds 15%, 11-year-olds 11%, and other age groups comprised 18%. 2. In skeletal patterns, skeletal class Ⅰ patients comprised 52%, class Ⅱ 29%, and class Ⅲ 19%. 3. In vertical facial types mesofacial comprised 41%, brachyfacial 35%, and dolichofacial 24%. 4. Out of 792 patients 218 patients(28%) showed anterior cross-bite, and the occurrence ratio of anterior cross-bite increased as the age decreased.

GaAs MESFET를 이용한 단일평형 저항성 주파수 혼합기

박정민,윤영중,김건욱,박한규 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1999 논문집 Vol.31 No.1

In this paper, the method to increase linearity and port-to-port isolation of resistive mixer which uses the channel resistance of a GaAs MESFET to perform frequency mixing was proposed. For better linearity and port-to-port isolation, single-balanced structure is applied, and a short circuit using open stub is constructed to eliminate the port-to-port coupling phenomena. The proposed GaAs MESFET single-balanced resistive mixer exhibited 5.9dB of conversion loss at 0dBm of LO power. In addition, 34.3dBm of input second-order intercept point, and 26.1dBm of input third-order intercept point are achieved. Also LO-to-IF and LO-to-RF isolation are over 42dB and 45dB, respectively.

2007년 대한감염학회 권장 성인 예방접종 권장안

강진한,김홍빈,손장욱,이상오,정문현,정희진,최영화,최정현,최준용,최희정 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.1

In 2007, the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases recommended an immunization schedule for adults residing in Korea. This recommendation includes four categories: standard immunization for healthy persons, supplementary immunization for persons with underlying illnesses, recommendations for health-care personnel and for international travelers. The Standard Immunization Schedule consists of universal vaccination (tetanus-diphtheria/tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (Td/Tdap); hepatitis A vaccine for persons aged 20s; human papilloma virus vaccine for women under 26 years old; meningococcal vaccine for military recruits and college students in dormitories; influenza vaccination for persons aged 50 years or more and pregnant women; and pneumococcal vaccination for persons aged 65 years or more) and catch-up vaccination (hepatitis A vaccine for persons aged 30s; hepatitis B vaccine, varicella and MMR vaccines for persons who have uncertain specific immunities). The Supplementary Immunization Schedule recommends 4 vaccines, i.e., pneumococcal, influenza, meningococcal, and Haemophilus influenzae type b, appropriate to the underlying illnesses, and confirmation of the presence of antibodies to hepatitis A and hepatitis B. The Recommendation for Health-Care Personnel includes universal vaccination (influenza and pertussis) and catch-up vaccination (hepatitis B, measles-mumps-rubella and varicella for seronegative health-care personnel). The Recommended Immunization for International Travelers focuses reinforcement of vaccinations for healthy persons and includes certain immunizations necessary for international travel (yellow fever, meningococcal, plaque, tick-borne encephalitis, and cholera). These guidelines can be seen at www.ksid.or.kr.

치과용 자성 어태치먼트 재료의 안정성 개선에 관한 연구 : II.질화티타늄 코팅이 치과용 자성재의 내식성에 미치는 영향 Ⅱ.Effect of TiN Coating on Corrosion Resistance of Dental Magnetic Materials

최한철,고영무,정재헌,신종연,김일선,최성욱,정효수 대한치과기재학회 1999 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.26 No.4

Dental magnetic materials have been applied to removable prosthetic appliances, maxillofacial prostheses, obturator and dental implant but they still have some problems such as low corrosion resistance in oral environments. To increase the corrosion resistance of dental magnetic materials, surfaces of Sm-Co and Nd-Fe-B based magnetic materials were plated with TiN and then electrochemical corrosion test were performed in 4 kinds of electrolyte solutions(0.9% NaCl. 1% lactic acid, 0.05% HCl and modified Fusayama's artificial saliva). From this study, corrosion behavior, amount of elements released, mean average surface roughness values and the changing of mean surface microhardness values were measured comparing with control group of non-sputtered plating magnetic materials. The results were as follows: 1. TiN layer coated on magnet grows into preferred direction with lamellar structure and its thickness is 3.0㎛. 2. Sm-Co base magnetic materials coated with TiN have good corrosion resistance in 1% lactic acid and their pitting corrosion can not be seen. 3. Nd-Fe-B base magnetic materials coated with TiN showed good tendency of corrosion resistance in 0.05% HCl solution. 4. The amount of elements released from both Sm-Co and Nd-Fe-B base magnetic materials coated with TiN were more significantly decreased than that of uncoated magnetic materials. 5. The mean surface roughness values of both Sm-Co and Nd-Fe-B base magnetic materials coated with TiN were smooth than that of uncoated magnetic materials after corrosion test. 6. The decreasing rate of microhardness of both Sm-Co and Nd-Fe-B base magnetic materials coated with TiN were lower than that of uncoated magnetic materials after corrosion test. 7. Dental magnetic materials coated with TiN produced various corrosion products such as TiO, TiO₂, Ti₂O₃on the surface and resulted in better corrosion resistance than uncoated magnetic materials. In conclusion, it is considered that the corrosion problem of dental magnetic materials could be solved to some extent by EB-PVD with TiN on the surface of dental magnetic materials.

아말감 와동의 파절에 관한 3차원 유한요소법적 연구

김한욱,엄정문,이정식 大韓齒科保存學會 1994 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.19 No.2