정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF A UV FLAME DETECTOR FOR THE AUTOMATIC FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM FOR ENGINE COMPARTMENT FIRES

Lim,Sung-Mook,Jung,Ki-Chang,Kim,Eung-Sik,Kim,Hong 한국화재소방학회 1997 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.-

In this work, a new type of UV flame detection system was developed. In order to measure the performance of UV flame detector, various kinds of experiments was performed. The results show that the maximum response time of the UV flame detector is 0.2 seconds when the detection distance is one meter The advantages of this system include wide area, high speed response and high sensitivity. After testing the W flame detector in engine compartment it detected fire within 0.09 seconds and extinguished within 5 seconds. Hence, the UV flame detector can be applied in automatic fire suppression system for automobiles.

The level of urinary aflatoxin M1 in Korean adults

Yong-Dae Kim1, Hyojin Kwon, Sun-In Moon, Sang-Yong Eom, Jung-Duk Park, Byung-Sun Choi, Seok-Joon Sohn, Young-Seoub Hong, Ho Kim, Ho-Jang Kwon, Ji-Ae Lim, Hae-Jung Yoon, Gwang-Jin Kim, Heon Kim 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.3

Competitive ELISA methods were used to measure the level of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) from urine in 1008 Korean adults. Subjects were selected by random sampling in all areas of Korea, except Cheju-do. The recovery rate of AFM1 using this method was 105% (73-124%). The geometric mean of urinary AFM1 in all subjects was 3.43 pg/mL (3.67 ng/g creatinine). The level of AFM1 in males was statistically higher, compared with female subjects. However, the levels of AFM1 did not differ according to age. Subjects in Chungbuk-do showed the highest urinary AFM1 concentration, whereas subjects in Kyeongnam-do showed the lowest concentration. Assuming an excretion rate of 5%, this AFM1 excretion corresponds to approximately 0.1 microgram/day in Korean adults.

Progastrin-releasing peptide as a diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker of small cell lung cancer

오형주,( Ha Young Park ),( Tae Ok Kim1 ),( Chul Kyu Park ),( Hong Jun Shin ),( Hee Jung Ban ),( In Jae Oh ),( Yong Soo Kwon ),( Yu Il Kim ),( Sung Chul Lim ),( Young Chul Kim ),( Soo Hyun Kim ),( Myung G 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2015 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.120 No.-

Background: Progastrin-releasing peptide (proGRP) is a recently identified biomarker of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We aimed this study for evaluating the usefulness of automated proGRP measurement for diagnosis and treatment monitoring in patients with SCLC. Methods: From January 2011 to December 2013, plasma samples were prospectively collected from 452 [213 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 104 SCLC, 135 other diseases] patients visited for tissue diagnosis and tested by two-step automated immunoassay using the ARCHITECT proGRP assay kit (Abbott Diagnostics, USA). The cutoff level of proGRP was set at 63 pg/mL. Results: The mean proGRP was higher in SCLC (1823.0 ± 2684.0 pg/mL) than in NSCLC (61.0 ± 341.7 pg/mL) and other diseases (51.5 ± 222.6 pg/mL, p<0.001). The sensitivity of proGRP was 85.7% (90/105) in SCLC and 11.8% (25/212) in NSCLC. The specificity was 90.2%, positive predictive value was 72.5%, and negative predictive value was 95.4% in SCLC. The mean proGRP was higher in extensive disease (2158.1 ± 2980.6 pg/mL) than in limited disease (901.4 ± 1216.0 pg/mL, p=0.033). Among the 39 patients with SCLC could be followed, the mean proGRP levels of 23 responders were significantly decreased after chemotherapy (from 1651.5 ± 1386.4 pg/mL to 290.0 ± 524.8 pg/mL, p<0.001), whereas those of the 16 non-responders were not. (from 572.5 ± 790.3 pg/mL to 494.4 ± 610.9 pg/mL, p=0.583). Conclusion: Plasma proGRP could be a useful biomarker of SCLC for diagnosis and treatment monitoring. And the initial level may represent the tumor extent of SCLC.

연령증가에 따른 혈압요소들의 좌심실비대 및 관동맥질환과의 관련성

박재석,박창규,박미영,박재형,김용현,나진오,신성희,서순용,홍순준,박성미,임홍의,김응주,서홍석,오동주,노영무 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.2

직업과 생활 습관, 그리고 CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1 유전자 다형성이 요중 1-hydroxypyrene과 2-naphthol 농도에 미치는 영향

김헌,강종원,임현술,이호익,김용대,남홍매,이철호 大韓産業醫學會 1999 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Objectives : This study was performed to describe the distribution patterns of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) and 2-naphthol concentration in coke oven workers and workers not occupationally exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and to determine the effects of occupation, life style, and genetic polymorphism of cytochrome P450 1A1(CYP1A1), glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) and theta 1 (GSTT1) on urinary 1-OHP and 2-naphthol concentration. Methods : The study subjects were 19 coke oven workers and 156 shipyard workers. A questionnaire was used to obtain data about detailed smoking and food intake history. Urinary 1-OHP and 2-naphthol concentration and genetic polymorphism of CYP1A1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 were analyzed. Results : The urinary 1-OHP and 2-naphthol concentration was higher in the coke oven workers and in smokers. Urinary 1-OHP concentration was significantly correlated with time after last intake of roasted in non-smoking coke oven workers, whereas urinary 2-naphthol concentration was with amount of cigarette smoking at the sampling day in smoking shipyard workers. Urinary 1-OHP, but not 2-naphthol, concentration of the shipyard workers with Ile/Ile type of CYP1A1 was significantly lower than that of the shipyard workers with other CYP1A1 genotype. Conclusions : Urinary 1-OHP would be a better marker for occupational exposure to PAH in coke oven workers, and urinary 2-naphthol might be better for non-occupational inhalation exposure to PAH. CYP1A1 would not play an important role in the metabolism of naphthalene but in the metabolism of pyrene.

GMM을 이용한 환경선호도 추정

김홍균,임종수,고윤희 한국환경경제학회 한국자원경제학회 2003 자원·환경경제연구 Vol.12 No.1

The main purpose of this paper is to estimate environmental preference of advanced countries for water and air pollution. In doing so, we introduce home production. That is, we assume that pollution has not only negative effect on utility but also positive effect on production, Thus if the former is greater that the latter effect, the total effect of pollution is negative. In this paper, we investigated this effect of advanced countries by using GMM estimator. The main finding is that in case of air pollution. This effect is negative. This implies that in case of air pollution, the disutility effect is greater that productivity effect.

우리나라 인수공통전염병의 발생 현황과 관리 대책

임현술,김홍환 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2003 東國醫學 Vol.10 No.1

인수공통전염병(zoonoses)은 사람과 하등 척추동물간 또는 사람과 척추동물간에 발생하는 공통질환이다. 세계보건기구에 의하면 인수공통전염병은 200여종이나 되며, 우리 인간과 밀접한 관계가 있는 중요 질병만도 100여종이 된다고 한다. 인수공통전염병을 세균성, 리케차성 및 바이러스성 등으로 분류하여 수의학 및 의학 분야에서 연구발표된 논문과 정부에서 발표하는 통계자료를 중심으로 조사하여 우리나라에서 인수공통전염병의 발생 현황을 살펴보고 관리대책을 수립하고자 하였다. 우리나라에서 인수공통전염병은 과거부터 있었으리라 생각하지만 최초로 발생한 사례와 최근 재발생한 질환은 1975년 리스테리아균, 1977년 한탄 바이러스, 1982년 파스튜렐라병, 1988년 참굴큰입홉충, 1992년 Qduf, 1995년 작은와포자충증, 1997년 야생토끼병, 1998년 장출혈대장균 0-157, 1999년 라임병이 처음으로 보고 되었다. 1984년 렙토스피라증, 1988년 쯔쯔가무시병, 1994년 탄저병, 2002년 브루셀라증 등이 재발생하였다. 우리나라에서 최근 법정전염병 중에서 주요 인수공통전염병의 발생 현황은 쯔쯔가무시병, 신증후출혈열, 렙토스피라병, 발진열, 장출혈대장균병, 일본 뇌염등의 순으로 감소하여 발생하고 있다. 살모넬라증, 리스테리아증, 캄필로박터증, 여시니아증 등이 지속적으로 발생하고 있다. 가축 숙주에 의한 인수공통전염병으로 국내에서 발생한 질환은 공수병, Q열, 탄저병, 리스테리아증, 결핵, 파스튜렐라병 등이다. 야생동물 숙주에 의한 인수공통전염병으로 국내에 발생한 질환은 일본뇌염, 공수병, 발진열, Q열, 브루셀라증, 야생토끼병, 리스테리아증, 렙토스피라증, 사상충병등이다. 해외 유입 인수공통 기생출 질환은 우리나라 사람이 외국 여행 도중 감염된 경우와 외국인이 자국 또는 타국에서 감염되어 입국한 경우가 있으며, 바베스열원충증, 피부리슈만편모충증, 주혈홉충증, 이혈홉충증, 광동주혈선충증, 유극악구충증, 유충 피부이행중, 포충증 및 오구충증 등이 있다. 인수공통전염병은 인구 및 가축 수의 증가, 교통의 발달, 산업화에 기인한 생태 변화, 기상 이변 등 그 발생기전 역시 매우 복잡한 역학적 특성을 나타내며, 추후 예방 및 진단에 대한 각별한 대책을 요구하고 있다. 앞으로 인수공통전염병에 대하여 신속한 감시, 병원체 연구, 예방 및 관리를 효율적으로 운영할 수 있는 체계를 강화하여야 할 것이다. Zoonoses are diseases that primarily affect wild and domestic animals, but any infectious disease, which can be contracted by man. At present, about 200 human diseases are included in zoonoses and about 50 diseases are of importance in terms of number of cases and seriousness in human illness. Although some of zoonoses are generally recognized as significant health problems, actual prevalence and incidence of many zoonotic infections in humans and animals are not well determined. Therefore we reviewed important zoonoses, which were prevalent in the past and are prevalent at present in Korea in order of bacterial, rickettsial, and viral zoonotic infections. Important animal zoonoses in terms of seriousness in illness, which are newly prevalent in animals, are anthrax and rabies. Incidence of bovine tuberculosis dropped markedly but brucellosis is increasingly reported. Important human notifiable zoonotic infections in terms of number of cases reported and seriousness in illness, which are prevalent increasingly, are tsutsugamushi disease, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, leptospirosis, and murine typhus. Incidence of Japanese encephalitis, anthrax. Q fever and rabies are rarely reported. Other non-notifiable human zoonoses such as salmonellosis, campylobacter infection, yersiniasis, listeriosis are also sometimes reported. Physicians and veterinarians must be concerned about specific environments and clinical patterns of zoonoses. They must make efforts to recognize, evaluate, and control the zoonotic diseases.

水稻에 있어서 葉綠素 突然變異系統의 生理·生化學的 特性에 관한 硏究

金弘燮,林采圭 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1993 自然科學硏究 Vol.16 No.1

인위 돌연변이 유기에 의한 새로운 유전형질의 개발과 유용한 유전자 정보를 밝히기 위하여 낙동벼에서 유기된 엽록소 돌연변이 계통에 대하여 생리 생화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 낙동벼에서 고정된 엽록소 결핍계통을 선발하였다. 이 계통은 생육초기부터 엽록소결핍으로 정상엽에 비하여 노란색을 나타내기 때문에 엽록소의 광합 성 관여 유전자 탐색에 이 용가능하다. 2. 엽록소결핍계통은 전 생육기간동안 낙동벼의 51~87% 정도의 엽록소 함량을 보였으나 엽록소 a/b함량비는 차이가 없었다. 엽 록소 결핍계통의 총 엽록소 함량은 낙동벼의 70.2%였으며 anthocy-anin함량과 flavonol함량은 각각 285% 은 142% 로 높 은 함량비를 나타냈다. 3.엽록소 결핍계통의 carotenoids함량은 낙동벼의 71.1%였고, xanthophylls함량은 56.5%였다. 특히 carotenoids성분중 lutein과 neoaxanthin함량의 감소 가 커서 각각 낙동벼의 32%와 34.4%로 매우 낮았으며, β-carotene은 차이가 없었고 antheraxanthin함량은 오히 려 증가하여 106.9%를 나타냈다. 4. 개엽상태에서나 군락상태에서 엽록소 결핍계통의 반사율과 투과율은 모두 낙동벼에 비하 여 많아 광흡수량은 떨어졌다. 5. 엽록소 결핍계통은 낙동벼에 비하여 출수기가 5일 늦고 간장, 수장, 주당수수, 수당입수, 임실율, 천립중 및 수량에서 감소하였다. 6. 엽록소 결핍계통과 낙동벼는 esterase, phosphog1ucose isomerase, malic enzyme, hexokinase 동위원소 특성에서 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 잎 에서 엽록체만을 순수분리 하여 추출한 엽록체 단백질 pattern에서는 차이를 보였다. Morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics were examined in the mutant strains of chlorophyll induced in rice(Oryza sativa L).It was to develop a new inherited character and manifest a useful information of genes by induction of its artificial mutations. The results were summarized as follows : 1. The chlorophyll-deficiency strains fixed in the rice (Oryza sativa L.) were selected. This strains will be very of useful as a material to detect genes connected with phot-os3'llthesis of chlorophyll because of displaying yellow colors by chlorophyll-deficiency of leaver compared with normal leaves from early growth. 2. The chlorophyll-deficiency strains didn't differ between a/b content ratio of chlorophyll. Where as, 1 was shown that between but between about 51 and 87 percent contents of chlorophyll compared with the rice during all growing period. Total chlorophyll contents of these strains were measured as only 70.2% of the rice(Oryza sativa L.), but the contents of antocyanin and flavonol were highly increased to 285 and 142 percent respectively. 3. In the chlorophyll-deficiency strains compared with the rice(Oryza sativa L.), the contents of carotenoids and xanthophylls were 71 1 and 56.5 percent repectively. Especially in the carotenoid ingredients, the contents of lutein and neoxanthin highly decreased to 32 and 34.4 persent respectively, but the contents of β-carotene were equal and the contents of antheraxanthins increased to 106.7 percent. 4. In the individual or community condition, the reflexiblity and transmission of the chlorophylldefieiency strains increased and its absorptivity decreased in comparision with the rice(Oryza sativa L. ) 5. In the chlorophyll-deficiency strains compared with the rice(0ryza sativa L.), the earing season was fivedays late, culm length, panicle length, number of panicle perhill, number of spikelets per panicle, ripened grain ratio and 1000-grain weight and vield decreased. 6. The chloroph11-deficiency strains and rice(0ryza sativa L.) differed little in the characteristics of isoenzymes, esterase, phosphogluicose, isomerase, malic enzyme and hexokinase. But the protein pattern of chloroplast extracted by pure seperation differed.

마하피닝 처리에 의한 기계구조용 합금강의 피로균열전파 지연효과

김민건,임복규,박홍기,황중각 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2006 産業技術硏究 Vol.26 No.A

Mach peening treatment is one of the various kinds of techniques to improve the fatigue properties. The mach peening process gives high-level work hardening and compressive residual stress near the surface layer, improving the fatigue strength. In addition, this treatment reduces slip bands that initiate the fatigue cracks near the surface. During impingement, a plastic indentation surrounded by a plastic zone is formed. Mach peening treatment characteristic is less energy consumption and is an environmental friendly processing methods that is not accompanied by pollution. It is machining process that can prevent fatigue fracture beforehand in structure using already as well as process of production. The test results showed that fatigue crack propagation delay appeared by drilling type 43%, mach peening type 110%.