정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

우관상동맥 개구부 완전 폐쇄가 동반된 대동맥 판상부 협착증 1례

임상현,김종진,김희열,진승원,전희경,노태호,채장성,김재형,홍순조,최규보,윤정섭,김치경 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.4

林産油脂樹種의 利用에 관한 硏究(Ⅳ) : 쉬나무 種實의 成分分析 Analysis of Component in Evodia daniellii Hemsley Seed

趙鍾洙,金在慶,金思翼,尹承洛,盧正官 진주산업대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.38 No.-

林産油脂의 資源活用을 위한 쉬나무 種實에 대한 脂肪酸 分析結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 쉬나무 種實의 化學的 組成은 組蛋白質 함량이 16.20%, 組脂肪이 52.45% 炭水化物이 18.70%, 分이 1.56%이였으며 物理-化學的 組成에서는 比重이 0.916, 屈折率이 1.4722, 酸價가 16.63, 비누化價가 191,11, 요오드價가 134.60, 過酸化物價가 15.30으로 나타났다. 總脂肪酸 組成에서 linolenic acid, linoleic acid와 oleic acid가 대부분을 차지했다. 그리고 總脂質중에서는 中性脂質이 95.1%로 가장 많이 나타났으며 脂質의 構成을 보면 中性, 糖脂質에서는 linolenic acid, linoleic acid 대체로 높은 含量을 보인 반면 燐脂質에서는 palmitic acid가 가장 높게 나타났다. We investigated the composition of chemical components of Evodia daniellii Hemsley seed. The chemical compositions of Evodia daniellii Hemsley seed consisted of 4.83% of moisture, 16.20% of crude protein, 52.45% of crude fat. 18.70% of carbohydrate and 1.56% of ash. The physico-chemical characteristics of the seed oil were determined as follows : specific gravity, refractive index, acid value, saponification value, iodine value and peroxide value were 0.916, 1.4722, 16.63, 191.11, 134.6 and 15.30, respectively. The lipids in the crude oil were almost composed of neutral lipids. The seed contained 6 different kinds of fatty acids which were linoletic acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid and palmitolic acid. The content of linoleic acid in total lipid, neutral lipid and glyco lipid is the highest than that of other lipid. On the other hand. The content of palmitic acid in phospho lipid is the highest than that of other lipid.

비만과 정상체중 여고생의 영양섭취 비교 연구

조현숙,김세종,최승욱,백영호 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 2005 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.21 No.2

The purpose of this study was to compare the obese and the normal weight girls in high school on the level of the recommended dietary allowances for the Koreans based on total energy intake, the ratio of 3nutrients intake, micro-nutrients intake, daily dietary intake and the ratio of 4nutrients intake by animality and vegetability. The results of this study are as follows:...............

부산시 가로수 현황과 토양환경개선에 관한 연구

김석규,박승범,남정칠,김승환,강영조 동아대학교 건설기술연구소 1999 硏究報告 Vol.23 No.2

The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between soil hardness, soil acidity, and the vitality of street trees. This data was investigatived in 40 areas on 10 main street routes of Pusan; Chungang-ro, Naktong-ro, Suyeong-ro, Taejong-ro, Konghang-ro, Kudeok-ro, Kumjeong-ro, Mandeok-ro, Kaya-ro, Chungjang-ro. The findings are as follows : 1. The average soil hardness where tree grates have been built was shown to be 22.23㎜. In the absence of tree grates, the average soil hardness was 24.60㎜. These figures do not exceed the accepted parameters for acceptable soil hardness when rearing trees (22∼25㎜). However, soil hardness was measured higher in areas where tree grates were absent. Consequently, tree grates are necessary. 2. Soil acidity was measured as satisfactory(pH 5.5), mediocre(pH 5.5∼5.0), inferior(pH 5.0∼4.5), very inferior(pH 4.5). No areas were measured as satisfactory soil acidity. Four areas were measured as mediocre(10%), 19 areas as inferior(47.5%), and 17 areas as very inferior (42.5%). This indicates a requirement to improve soil acidity as about 90% of the investigatived areas were measured as either inferior or very inferior. 3. The following is an analysis of correlation between soil hardness, soil acidity and the vitality of the Ginkgo biloba ; The Ginkgo biloba was found to have a positive correlation was measured with the diagram (R²). In conclusion, the results of the analysis show a strong influence of soil hardness and soil acidity upon the vitality of Street Tree.

林産油脂樹鍾의 利用에 관한 硏究(I) : 사람주나무 鍾實의 成分分析 Analysis of Component in Sapium japonicum Seed

趙鍾洙,金在慶,金思翼,尹承洛 진주산업대학교 1998 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.5

林産油脂의 資原活用을 위한 사람주나무 種實에 대한 脂質 및 아미노산, 비타민等의 分析 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 사람주나무 種實의 化學的 組成은 組蛋自質 19.21%,組脂肪 62.35%, 炭水化物이 13.43%, 灰分이 1.90%이였으며 物理-化學的 組成에서는 比重이 0.928, 屈折率이 1.4768, 酸價가 2.35, 비누化價가 190, 요오드價가 126, 過酸化物價가 86.75로 나타났다. 그리고 總脂質중에서는 中性脂質이 93.8%로 가장 많이 나타났고 脂質의 構成을 보면 中性, ??, 燐脂質 모두 linolenic acid, linoleic acid와 oleic acid 대체로 높은 含量을 보였으며 總脂肪酸 組成에서도 linolenic acid, linoleic acid와 oleic acid가 대부분을 차지했다. 試料의 구성 아미노酸 分析에서는 필수 아미노酸을 포함하여 16種으로 構成되어 있었으며 이중 glutamic acid가 27.26%로 가장 높게 나타났고 다음은 aspartic acid가 14.47%의 含量을 보였으며 proline는 存在하지 않았다. 그리고 비타민 分析에서는 비타민 A, B_2, C, E의 4種類가 함유되어 있었으며 이 중 비타민 C가 가장 많은 含量을 보였다. We investigated the composition of chemical components of Japanes Sapium seed. The chemical compositions of japanese Sapium seed consisted of 3.20% of moisture, 19.21% of crude protein, 62.35% of crude fat. 13.43% of carbohydrate and 1.90% of ash. The physico-chemical characteristics of the seed oil were determined as follows: specific gravity, refractive index, acid value, saponification value, iodine value and perozide value were 0.928, 1.4768, 2.35, 190, 126 and 86.75, respectively. The lipids in the crude oil were almost neutral lipids. Also it contained all essential fatty acids. The seed contained 8 different kinds of fatty acids which were linoleic acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid, lauric acid, plamitic acid, stearic acid, penta decanoic acid, icosanoic acid. The seed contained 16 different kinds of amino acids and 4 different kinds of vitamin(A, B_2, C, E). The content of glutamic acid is the highest than that of other amino acids.

竹粉-시멘트의 水和反應에 關한 硏究

金思翼,金在慶,趙鍾洙,尹承洛 진주산업대학교 1997 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.4

대나무를 纖維工業의 原料로 利用하기 僞하여 竹粉 시멘트의 水化反應을 木質-시멘트 및 製紙슬러지-시멘트와 比較하여 測定하였다. 水化反應 促進을 위한 化學添加劑로는 CaCl_2와 MgCl_2 그리고 NH_4Cl을 시멘트 重量當 3%를 各 試驗片에 添加하였다. 또한 無處理時의 各 試驗片과 化學添加劑를 使用한 名 試驗片의 結晶形態 및 結晶構造를 調査하기 僞하여 走査電子顯微鏡으로 斷面을 測定하였다. 無處理時의 境遇, Henon bamboo, Moso bamboo 및 Giant timber bamoo는 전혀 水化反應을 보이지 않았으며, 化學添加劑를 利用한 境遇에는 木質水準으로 水化反應이 나타나 竹紛을 利用한 시멘트와의 水化反應은 使用해야 함을 알수 있었다. This study was examined on hydration of bamboo meal-cement composite. In a separate experiment, the heat of hydration generated from the bamboo meal (wood meal and paper sludge) - cement - water system was measured, and Moslemi's inhibitory index was caluated from the results. To improve the hydration of bamboo meal- cement, a series of experiments were conducted with the addition of various chencal additives such as calcium chloride(CaCl_2 ), magnesium chloride( MgCl_2 ) and ammonium chloride (NHCl) The amount of chemical additives was 3% based on the weight of the cement. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the crystallization of cement and bamboo meal ( wood and paper sludge ) - cement composite. These species , Henon bamboo, Moso bamboo and Giant timber bamboo were proved to be highly inhibitory in a series of hydration tests. The addition of chemical additivies, especially calcium chloride and magnesium chloride, appears to enhance compatibility in bamboo meal-cement-water composite.

초등교사의 과학과 환경 교육에 대한 수업실태 분석 및 인식도

조태호,서승조,백남권,김성규,박강은,박원석 한국환경과학회 2002 한국환경과학회지 Vol.11 No.7

The purpose of this study was to analyze the elementary school teachers' perception toward the environment-related subjects in science education and to investigate their instructional methods in delivering the subjects in the classroom. The participants of this study were 300 elementary school teachers sampled from elementary schools in Kyung Nam Province. The findings of this study were as follows; First, more than half of the teachers surveyed showed that the environment-related units and contents in the science textbook were insufficient to the existing issues. Second, the large portion of teachers responded that the teaching materials in the textbook were insufficient to deliver the contents. Third, the largest portion of respondents replied that their preferred instructional method was a teacher-directed instruction followed by a case study approach. Fourth, in terms of the effectiveness of environmental education, both male and female teachers showed negative responses. Furthermore, male teachers were more negative than female teachers. Fifth, total means of their preference of the environment-related units was 3.13. The unit for sixth graders titled 'Environmental Pollution and Protecting Nature' showed the highest preference, whereas the unit for fifth graders titled 'Structure and Functions of Plants' showed the lowest preference. Sixth, there was no statistically significance in gender and their working areas. Seventh, there was statistically significant differences between male and female teachers in terms of teaching experience. In detail, the teachers with 5 to 9 teaching experience showed the lowest scores, while the teacher with more than 15 years teaching experience showed the highest scores in their perception of the units. Eighth, there was a significant difference between two groups in terms of their educational background. For example, two-year college graduates showed higher preference than four-year college graduates.

晉州 附近 新洞層群(下部 白堊系)에서 産出되는 化石 Stromatolite의 生堆積 構造 및 古環境

金榮汶,白光錫,徐承祚 晋州敎育大學校 科學敎育硏究所 1998 科學敎育硏究 Vol.24 No.-

For the purpose of clarifying the organosedimentary structure and paleoenvironment of stromatolites from the southem part of the Kyongsang Basin, the study was carried out both through the field works and chemical analysis of samples. Obtained data were compared with the repotred ones from areas in North Kyongsang Province, additionally. Through this study, the paleaoenvironments of these areas were summarized as follows: 1. Laminations of stromatolite are consist of algal-rich and sediment-rich laminae altemately. The content of calcite, main component of stromatolite, has less Magnesium value. Thus, it seems to have formed under the fresh water environment. 2. The almost of the stromatolites have very irregular shapes which has been caused by disturbed and divided algae from microbial activities. Therefore, it can be inferred that the lake was calm. 3. It seems to have been shallow lacustrine environment and intermittent dry season.

상완골 근위부 골절 치료에서 잠김 압박 금속판의 유용성

김동휘,이준영,조승환,양훈,하상호 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2009 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.34 No.1

Purpose: To prove the efficacy of locking compression plate (LCP) in proximal humerus fracture. Materials and Methods: Forty four out of 48 patients who had proximal humerus fracture operation with LCP from November, 2004 to June, 2008 and available for follow up for more than 6 months were evaluated. Eighteen cases were male and 26 cases were female with mean age of 56 years (range 29-85 years). Cause of injury was traffic accident in 17 cases, slip down in 20 cases and fall down in 7 cases. Mean interval from injury to operation was 6.8 days (range 2-30 days) and mean operation time was 80. 5 minutes(range 40-130 minutes). Open reduction and internal fixation with LCP using deltopectoral approach was used in all cases. Postoperative clinical evaluation was done using Constant-Murley assessment and bone union and neck-shaft angle was checked using radiographic exam. Results: Bone union was achieved in 41 out of 44 cases at mean interval of 11.2 weeks(range 6-16 weeks). Mean neck-shaft angle was 129.7 degree (range 101-146) with more than 20 degree of angular deformation in 2 cases. For the complication, 2 cases of temporary axillary nerve injury, 1 case of nonunion, 2 case of delayed unions with angulation, 2 case of ankylosis was observed. Conclusion: LCP can prevent reduction loss and minimize soft tissue injury which result in firm fixation and early immobilization. It seem to be very efficient in treating proximal humerus fracture in elderly.