[논문]Operational Characteristics of CO2 Laser Adopted by Superposing-Discharge

Hee-Je Kim,Hyun-Ju Chung,Byoung-Dae Min,Jong-Han Joung,Sung- lun Park 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2003 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.62 No.-

오늘날 현저한 CO2 레이저의 응용 추세에 발맞추어 보다 다양한 형태의 출력 제어 기술이 대두되고 있다. 본연구에서는multi-Pulse Superposing-Discharge 기술을 이용하여 다양한형태의 CO2 레이저의 펄스를 성형 하였다. 펄스 성형을 위한 방법으로 PIC one-chip microprocessor를 이용하여 삼중 PFN 모률의 SCR을 각각 고유의 지연시간을 가지도록 제어하였다. 실험에 사용된 삼중 PFN 모률의 전원 회로는 각각 캐패시터 인덕터,SCR,고압 펄스 트랜스 그리고 고압 트랜스 2차측에 브릿지 정류기로 구성 하였다. 고압 펼스 트랜스의 1차측을 제어하므로서 PFN 모률의 동작을 저 전압에서 수행 할 수 있다. 트랜스의 2차측에 연결된 전파 정류기는 펄스 에너지를 부하에 지속적으로 전달한다. 본 연구에서는 삼중 PFN 모률의 각각의 SCR을 다른 시간 가격을 두고 트리거 하므로서 다양한 Long pulse shaping을 실현하였다. 또한 약 250-1000μs 의 주기를 가지는 다양한 펄스형 레이저 빔을 얻었다.

인천지역 TDI 노출 작업자에서 직업성천식 유병율

김형렬,김철우,홍윤철,전형준,김치년,김현수,이지나,신주연,고동희,노재훈 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목적 : TDI는 직업성천식을 일으키는 대표적인 물질로 알려져 있다. 과거 TDI에 노출된 작업자들의 천식 발생률을 5~6%가량 보고하였고, 국내에서도 2-20%에 이르는 유병율을 보고한바 있다. 작업환경이 많이 개선되고, 노출량이 감소된 최근에도 TDI에 의한 직업성천식에 대한 보고가 많이 이루어지고 있어, 이에 대한 적극적인 조사와 진단과정을 통해 유병율을 구하고 질병발생의 변화양상을 파악해 보고자 하였다. 방법 : 인천지역에서 특수건강진단을 수행하는 2개 기관의 TDI 노출 근로자 400여명 중, 사업장의 규모가 50인 이상이며 사업주가 연구진행을 허락한 사업장에서 근무하는 근로자 중 직접적으로 TDI에 노출되는 작업에 종사하는 근로자 170명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 이들에 대해 설문지와 산업의학의사의 면담을 통한 작업관련성 평가를 근거로 정밀대상자를 선정하고 이들에 대해 메타콜린 유발시험, TDI 유발시험 등을 수행하여 직업성천식을 확인하였다. 결과 : 설문조사 결과 11명이 직업과 관련하여 천식증상을 보이는 것으로 나타났고(6.9%), 이중 7명에서 메타콜린 유발검사 양성소견을 보였다. TDI에 의한 특이유발시험 결과 1명에서 양성반응이 나타나, 이 집단에서 TDI에 의한 직업성천식의 유병율은 0.58%였다. 결론 : 과거 국내연구에서 TDI에 의한 직업성천식의 유병율이 2~20%에 이르렀던 데 비해, 본 연구에서는 0.58%로 나타났다. 이는 국외 논문에서도 나타나는 경향으로 작업장 노출량 감소로 점차 발생률이 감소하는 양상을 보이고 있다. 그러나 이미 증상이 나타난 근로자들이 부서를 옮기거나, 직장을 그만둠으로 인해 그 유병율이 과소평가되었을 가능성도 있다고 판단된다. Objecdives: This study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of isocyanate-induced occupational asthma in toluene diisocyanate (TDI) exposed workers. Methods: We examined 170 workers who had been directly exposed to TDI through a medical questionnaire, physical examination, and pulmonary function test. Based on screening examination, workers with suspected occupational asthma were selected for further evaluation such as methacholine and TDI challenge tests. Results: Eleven (6.9%) among 170 workers complained of symptoms of occupational asthma. and 7 among these 11 symptomatic workers showed positive responses to the methacholine challenge test (4.1 %). One spray painter was confirmed as having the TDI induced occupational asthma following a positive response to TDI challenge test. Conclusions: The prevalence of TDI-induced asthma was at 0.58% was lower than that for former studies (2-20%). Improved workplace environment, lower level of TDI exposure compared to the past, and the healthy workers effect may have contributed to this low rate of asthma prevalence in workers with TDI exposure.

Breeding of Tetraploid in Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.)A. DC. by Colchicine treatment

Kim,Ik-Hwan,Kim,Hag-Hyun,Hong,Eui-Yon,Yun,Jong-Sun,Yun,Tae,Hwang,Ju-Kwang,Lee,Cheol-Hee 한국자원식물학회 2003 Plant Resources Vol.6 No.3

Present studies were carried out to produce tetraploid plants by colchicine treatment using seeds, seedlings and shoot tips of Platycodon grandiflorum in Campanulaceae. The most successful colchicine treatment for tetraploid production in P. grandiflorum was soaking treatment using 0.01 and 0.5% colchicine solution for 1 hour and 12 hours, respectively. Morphological characteristics of both diploid and tetraploid were similar, but tetraploid plants had more leaves. Compared to diploid, tetraploid had the larger stomata, but less number of stomata. Fresh weight of tetraploids was 20∼40% heavier than that of diploid.

Breeding of Tetraploid in Codonopsis lanceolata (Sieb. et Zucc.) Trautvetter by Colchicine Treatment

Kim,Ik-Hwan,Kim,Hag-Hyun,Hong,Eui-Yon,Yun,Jong-Sun,Yun,Tae,Hwang,Ju-Kwang,Lee,Cheol-Hee 한국자원식물학회 2003 Plant Resources Vol.6 No.3

Present studies were carried out to produce tetraploid plants by colchicine treatment using seeds, seedlings and shoot tips of Codonopsis lanceolata. Three tetraploid plants of C. lanceolata were produced from seeds which absorbed 0.1 % colchicine solution for 12 hours, and 0.5% colchicine solution for 1 and 6 hours from seedlings, respectively. But tetraploid was not produced from shoot tips treated by colchicine solution. Compared to diploid, tetraploid plants had larger stomata, but less number of stomata. Fresh weight of tetraploid plants was 1.4∼3.6 times heavier than diploid plants.

클럽 샤프트(Club Shaft) 특성에 따른 골프 스윙(Golf Swing)동작 분석

김성일,김기형,김형수,이현섭,김진욱,안찬규,김희진 한국운동역학회 2002 한국운동역학회지 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구는 클럽 샤프트의 대표적인 재질인 그라파이트(graphite)의 유연한(flexible) 클럽 샤프트(club shaft)의 특성에 따라 피험자가 운동학적(kinematics) 요인이 되는 관절의 각변위, 각속도, 각가속도, 클럽헤드의 속도와 가속도와 같은 변인들이 어떻게 적응하는지 비교 분석하여 보다 효율적인 드라이버 선택에 도움을 주며 샤프트 특성에 따른 신체관절의 움직임에 대한 자료를 제시하고자 하였다. 고속 카메라 2대의 속도는 500fps로 하였고 각 regylar,stiff, x-stiff, 자신의 클럽을 포함 각 4개의 클럽을 사용하여 각 클럽당 3번씩 촬영하였으며 목표방향에서 20m이상 벗어나는 경우의 촬영은 다시 촬영하였다. 본 연구에서는 디지타이징(digitizing)을 신체 9개 마커는 강체로 가정된 클럽과 신체분절 모델로 정의하였으며 2 대의 카메라(500fps)로부터 얻은 avi화일을 컴퓨터에 저장하고 자료로부터 Butterworth 6th order recursive digital filter를 사용하여 1차 자료를 smoothing 하고 DLT를 이용하여 3차원 좌표를 구성하도록 한다. 좌표값을 얻기 위하여 kwon3d v3.0을 이용하였다. 본 실험은 피험자 스스로 클럽의 특성에 따라 스윙의 속도를 달리 하기 때문에 스윙의 시간이 달라지며 어느 정도 클럽이 강성에 따라 스윙시간이 빨라지는 결과로 나타났다. 이것은 피험자가 샤프트가 강성(stiffness)에 따라 스윙 속도를 빨리 하게 되는 원인이 되는 것으로 생각된다. 어깨의 각변위는 클럽이 regular의 경우 임팩트에서 각속도를 계속 유지하고 있으며 stiff, x-stiff의 경우에는 어깨의 움직임이 임팩트에서 급격하게 감소되는 것을 알 수 있다. 이것은 팔의 동작과 클럽의 힘을 크게 하기 위한 동작으로 생각된다. 어깨 각속도는 클럽이 stiff할수록 각속도가 큰 감속하는 것으로 나타났다. 손목속도는 regular 클럽의 경우 손목의 감속이 늦게 되고 임팩트에서 손목의 감속이 적게 하는 것으로 나타났으며 stiff와 x-stiff의 클럽에서 임팩트 시에 순간적인 감가속으로 인해 클럽의 속도를 증가시키고 있다. 임팩트 시에 손목의 감가속은 클럽헤드의 임팩트 시 속도를 증가시키는 결과를 보였다. 클럽헤드는 regular 클럽이 임팩트전에는 속도 증가가 커지는 결과와 일치된 결과를 보이고 있다. The purpose of this study was to find the rational method to analyze golf swing with specific property of club shaft. Three subjects were filmed by two high speed digital cameras with 500fps. The phase analyzed was downswing of each subject. The three-dimensional coordinates of the anatomical landmarks were obtained with motion analysis system Kwon3d 3.0 version and smoothed by lowpass digital filter with cutoff frequency 6Hz. From these data, kinematic and kinetic variables were calculated using Matlab(ver 5.0) The variables for this study were angular velocity and accelerations, which were calculated and following conclusions have been made : 1) Golf swing time of stiff club is faster than that of regular club. 2) In shoulder joint motion of swing with the stiff club, x-stiff showed mort rapid negative acceleration than that of regular club. 3) In regular club, the velocity of club head would be more effective velocity, which was increasing, than those of other clubs before impact. 4) In wrist joint motion of swing with stiff club, x-stiff club showed faster than regular club in the downswing and impact more rapid negative acceleration.

조혈모세포이식 환자에서 침습성 진균 감염에 대한 Micafungin의 예방 효과 및 안전성

김시현,이동건,최수미,권재철,박선희,최정현,유진홍,이성은,조병식,김유진,이석,김희제,민창기,조석구,김동욱,이종욱,민우성,박종원 대한감염학회 2010 감염과 화학요법 Vol.42 No.3

Background: Micafungin, a potent inhibitor of 1,3-β-D-glucan synthase, is a novel antifungal agent of the echinocandin class. In vitro study showed that micafungin was effective against Aspergillus species as well as Candida species, but clinical data on the prophylactic efficacy against invasive fungal infections (IFIs) other than candidiasis are still lacking. Materials and Methods: We identified 60 consecutive adult hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients who received at least 3 doses of micafungin during neutropenic period. Micafungin was started as an alternative in patients who were intolerant or had adverse events (AEs) to primary prophylactic antifungal agents. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and analyzed the efficacy and safety of micafungin for prophylaxis against IFIs. Results: The patients either had autologous (n=9) or allogeneic (n=51: 1 syngeneic, 24 sibling, 26 unrelated donor) HSCT. Itraconazole oral solution (n=58) was the most frequently used first line antifungal agent for prophylaxis and was administered for median 11 days. The most frequent cause of switch to micafungin was vomiting (n=42). The duration of neutropenia and micafungin administration was median 13 and 12 days, respectively. A successful outcome was achieved in 45 (75%) patients. Empirical antifungal therapy was initiated in 13 (22%) patients. There were 2 cases (3.3%) of breakthrough fungal infections which comprised a probable invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and a possible invasive fungal sinusitis. There was no case of invasive candidiasis. A total of 53 (88%) patients experienced at least one AE regardless of causality during micafungin administration. The most frequent AEs were hypokalemia, vomiting, diarrhea, and elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase. Among the aforementioned AEs, only 1 case of diarrhea could be classified as a probable relation with micafungin when causality was assessed. There was no AEs that caused discontinuation of micafungin. Conclusions: Micafungin seems to be a safe and effective agent for prophylaxis of IFIs including aspergillosis as well as candidiasis in HSCT recipients. However, further large, prospective, and randomized comparative studies are warranted for aspergillosis.

결절성 황색종과 동반된 제 Ⅲ 형 과지질단백혈증 1예

김지현,김연진,김현주,조소연,황규광,함정희 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 2000 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.23 No.1

We report a case of type Ⅲ hyperlipoproteinemia associated with tuberous xanthoma, which is improved by treatment with lovastatin and bezafibrate. A 34-year-old female patient visited our clinic for evaluation of multiple yellowish-brown papulonodules on the kness, elbows and palms. Serum lipid examination showed an abnormal elevation of serum cholesterol and triglyceride. Lipoprotein electrophoresis showed a single peak at pre-β and β portion without separation. The biopsh specimen from a nodule on the knee and a papule on the palm revealed characteristic findings of xanthoma. We diagnosed the case as type Ⅲ hyperlipoprotei-nemia. After 3 months of treatment with diet restriction, lovastatin and bezafibrate, the serum levels of cholesterol and triglyceride were reduced to normal level. The skin lesion of the palm showed complete regression and ones on both knees and elbows were moderate improvement.

Associations of serotonergic genes with poststroke emotional incontinence

Kim, Jae‐,Min,Stewart, Robert,Kang, Hee‐,Ju,Bae, Kyung‐,Yeol,Kim, Sung‐,Wan,Shin, Il‐,Seon,Kim, Joon‐,Tae,Park, Man‐,Seok,Cho, Ki‐,Hyun,Yoon, Jin‐ John Wiley Sons, Ltd 2012 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY Vol.27 No.8

<P><B>Objectives</B></P><P>Poststroke emotional incontinence (PSEI) has been associated with serotonergic dysfunction. Polymorphisms of serotonin transporter (5‐HTT) and serotonin 2a receptor (5‐HTR2a) genes may regulate serotonergic signaling at brain synapses, and this study was to investigate associations with PSEI in an East Asian population.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>In 276 stroke cases, PSEI was diagnosed by Kim's criteria. Covariates included age, gender, education, history of depression or stroke, current depression, and stroke severity and location. Genotypes were ascertained for 5‐HTT gene‐linked promoter region (5‐HTTLPR), serotonin transporter intron 2 variable number tandem repeat, 5‐HTR2a 1438A/G, and 5‐HTR2a 102 T/C. Associations with PSEI were estimated by using logistic regression models, and gene–gene interactions were investigated by using the generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction method.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>PSEI was present in 37 (13.4%) patients. The 5‐HTT gene‐linked promoter region <I>s</I>/<I>s</I> genotype was independently associated with PSEI. No associations with STin2 VNTR and 5‐HTR2a genes were found, and no significant gene–gene interactions were identified.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Stroke patients with 5‐HTTLPR <I>s</I> allele had higher susceptibility to PSEI, which underlines the potential role of serotonergic pathways in its etiology. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>

Assessment of In Vitro Assay System for Thyroid HormoneDisruptors Using Rat Pituitary GH3 Cells

Hee Jin Kim1,Hae Young Park1,Jeonga Kim1,Il Hyun Kang2,Tae Sung Kim2,Soon Young Han2,Tae Seok Kang2,Kui Lea Park2,Hyung Sik Kim1 한국독성학회 2006 Toxicological Research Vol.22 No.4

The development of in vitro assays has been recommended to screening and test-ing the potential endocrine disruptors (EDs). These assay systems focus only on identifying thethe thyroid hormone (TH) disruptors. The aim of this study was to evaluate a test system to detectTH disruptors using rat pituitary tumor GH3 cells. The test system is based on the TH-dependentincrease in growth rate. As expected, L-3,5,3-triiodothyronine (T3) markedly induced a morphologicalchange in GH 3 cells from flattened fibroblastic types to rounded or spindle-shaped types. T3 stimu-lated GH3 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner with the maximum growth-stimulating effect9 M. In addition, T3 increased the release of growth hor-mone and prolactin into the medium of the GH3 cells culture. Using this assay system, the TH-dis-rupting activities of bisphenol A (BPA) and its related compounds were examined. BPA,dimethylbisphenol A (DMBPA), and TCI-EP significantly enhanced the growth of GH3 cells in therange of 1 × 10-5M to 1 × 10-6M concentrations. In conclusion, this in vitro assay system might bestandardization before it can be used as a broad-based screening tool.

PCR을 이용한 국내시장에 유통중인 유전자재조합 콩 및 가공식품의 모니터링

김묘영,김재환,김현중,박선희,우건조,김해영 한국응용생명화학회 2003 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.46 No.4

본 연구에서는 PCR을 이용하여 국내시장에 유통중인 원료콩과 가공식품에 epsps 또는 pat 유전자가 삽입된 유전자재조합 콩(GMS)의 사용여부를 모니터링하였다. 이러한 GMS의 검출을 위해 3쌍의 primer set을 제작하였고, 각각의 primer들은 GMS에 삽입된 유전자와 특이적으로 반응하여 PCR산물을 생성하였다. 2001년 표시제가 시행되기 이전에 생산된 총 가공식품과 이후의 제품에 대해 각각 모니터링을 수행하였으며, 표시제 이전에 생산된 제품의 경우 대부분의 미국산 원료에서 esps가 삽입된 GMS가 검출되었으나, 표시제 이후에는 검출되지 않았다. A method using PCR was developed for the monitoring of genetically modified soybean (GMS) and GMS derived foods utilized in the market. We designed 3 pairs of specific oligonucleotide primers based on epsps and pat inserted in GMS and ferritin gene as internal standards. Template DNAs isolated from soybean and processed foods were used for multiplex PCR with 3 primer sets. PCR, used with specific primer sets for GMS detection, showed the amplified DNA fragments with GMS template DNA. In this study, GMS containing epsps was detected from soy processed foods manufactured before GM food labeling system, however, GMS containing epsps or pat was not detected from soy processed foods manufactured after GM food labeling system.