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Hypoallergenic and Physicochemical Properties of the A2 β-Casein Fraction of Goat Milk
Tae-Hwan Jung,Hyo-Jeong Hwang,Sung-Seob Yun,Won-Jae Lee,Jin-Wook Kim,Ji-Yun Ahn,Woo-Min Jeon,Kyoung-Sik Han2.6* 한국축산식품학회 2017 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.37 No.6
Goat milk has a protein composition similar to that of breast milk and contains abundant nutrients, but its use in functional foods is rather limited in comparison to milk from other sources. The aim of this study was to prepare a goat A2 β-casein fraction with improved digestibility and hypoallergenic properties. We investigated the optimal conditions for the separation of A2 β-casein fraction from goat milk by pH adjustment to pH 4.4 and treating the casein suspension with calcium chloride (0.05 M for 1 h at 25°C). Selective reduction of β- lactoglobulin and αs-casein was confirmed using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The hypoallergenic property of A2 β-casein fraction was examined by measuring the release of histamine and tumor necrosis factor alpha from HMC-1 human mast cells exposed to different proteins, including A2 β-casein fraction. There was no significant difference in levels of both indicators between A2 β-casein treatment and the control (no protein treatment). The A2 β-casein fraction is abundant in essential amino acids, especially, branched-chain amino acids (leucine, valine, and isoleucine). The physicochemical properties of A2 β-casein fraction, including protein solubility and viscosity, are similar to those of bovine whole casein which is widely used as a protein source in various foods. Therefore, the goat A2 β-casein fraction may be useful as a food material with good digestibility and hypoallergenic properties for infants, the elderly, and people with metabolic disorders.
Assessment of In Vitro Assay System for Thyroid HormoneDisruptors Using Rat Pituitary GH3 Cells
Hee Jin Kim1,Hae Young Park1,Jeonga Kim1,Il Hyun Kang2,Tae Sung Kim2,Soon Young Han2,Tae Seok Kang2,Kui Lea Park2,Hyung Sik Kim1 한국독성학회 2006 Toxicological Research Vol.22 No.4
The development of in vitro assays has been recommended to screening and test-ing the potential endocrine disruptors (EDs). These assay systems focus only on identifying thethe thyroid hormone (TH) disruptors. The aim of this study was to evaluate a test system to detectTH disruptors using rat pituitary tumor GH3 cells. The test system is based on the TH-dependentincrease in growth rate. As expected, L-3,5,3-triiodothyronine (T3) markedly induced a morphologicalchange in GH 3 cells from flattened fibroblastic types to rounded or spindle-shaped types. T3 stimu-lated GH3 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner with the maximum growth-stimulating effect9 M. In addition, T3 increased the release of growth hor-mone and prolactin into the medium of the GH3 cells culture. Using this assay system, the TH-dis-rupting activities of bisphenol A (BPA) and its related compounds were examined. BPA,dimethylbisphenol A (DMBPA), and TCI-EP significantly enhanced the growth of GH3 cells in therange of 1 × 10-5M to 1 × 10-6M concentrations. In conclusion, this in vitro assay system might bestandardization before it can be used as a broad-based screening tool.
Yong-Hwan Moon,Sang-Bong Choi,Jong-Il Kim,Joon-Chul Kim,Tae-Jin Han 외 2인 강원대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 기초과학연구 Vol.8 No.-
By screening a Pimpinella brachycarpa shoot tip cDNA library with the soybean homeo-domain-leucine zipper (HD-Aip) gene, Gmhl, as a probe, we isolated three cDNA clones, Phz1, Phz2, and Phz4, encoding polypeptides that contain a homeodomain and a closely linked leucine zipper motif. In both nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences, Phz1, Phz2, and Phz4 were highly homologous to two Arabidopsis thaliana HD-Zip genes, a soybean HD-Zip gene and a tomato HD-Zip gene in an HD-Aip motif. Genomic Southern blot analysis indicated that Phz2 and Phz4 are members of a multigene family. RNase protection assay revealed that Phz2 and Phz4 are expressed at all organs including leaves, petioles, roots and shoot tips. So far, these HD- Zip proteins have been found only in dicotyledonous plants. Thus, it may be speculated that Phz1, Phz2, and Phz4 proteins could impart functional characters unique to the dicotyledonous plants that would express them in processes common to those plants.
Lee, Sung‐,Ji,Cho, Young‐,Nan,Kim, Tae‐,Jong,Park, Seong‐,Chang,Park, Dong‐,Jin,Jin, Hye‐,Mi,Lee, Shin‐,Seok,Kee, Seung‐,Jung,Kim, Nacksung,Yoo, Dae2 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2012 Vol.64 No.9
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Objective</B></P><P>To examine the levels and functions of natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cells, investigate relationships between NK and NKT cells, and determine the clinical relevance of NKT cell levels in patients with adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD).</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Patients with active untreated AOSD (n = 20) and age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls (n = 20) were studied. NK and NKT cell levels were measured by flow cytometry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured in vitro with α‐galactosylceramide (αGalCer). NK cytotoxicity against K562 cells and proliferation indices of NKT cells were estimated by flow cytometry.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Percentages and absolute numbers of NKT cells were significantly lower in the peripheral blood of AOSD patients than in that of healthy controls. Proliferative responses of NKT cells to αGalCer were also lower in patients, and this was found to be due to proinflammatory cytokines and NKT cell apoptosis. In addition, NK cytotoxicity was found to be significantly lower in patients than in healthy controls, but NK cell levels were comparable in the 2 groups. Notably, this NKT cell deficiency was found to be correlated with NK cell dysfunction and to reflect active disease status. Furthermore, αGalCer‐mediated NK cytotoxicity, showing the interaction between NK and NKT cells, was significantly lower in AOSD patients than in healthy controls.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>These findings demonstrate that NK and NKT cell functions are defective in AOSD patients and suggest that these abnormalities contribute to innate immune dysfunction in AOSD.</P>
갑상선암의 내시경 갑상선 절제술에서 근전절제술 및 전절제술의 임상적 비교
유한모,김태원,배자성<SUP>1<,SUP>,조항주,김기환,안창혁,박우찬<SUP>2<,SUP>,이동호<SUP>3<,SUP>,김정수,Han Mo Yoo,M,D,Tae Won Kim,M,D,Ja Sung Bae,M,D,<SUP>1<,SUP>,Hang Joo Cho,M,D,Kee Hwan Kim,M,D,Chang Hyuk An,M,D,Woo Chan Park,M 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2009 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.9 No.4
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the surgical outcomes of endoscopic total and near-total thyroidectomies in patients with thyroid cancer. Methods: Between February 2000 and January 2009, among 387 patients who underwent endoscopic thyroidectomy in our hospital, we evaluated 50 patients who underwent endoscopic total or near-total thyroidectomy. Thirty- five and 15 patients underwent endoscopic total thyroidectomy and near-total thyroidectomy, respectively. We analyzed the patients' clinicopathologic characteristics and post-operative complications between the two groups. Results: The mean size of tumors was 1.08 cm (range, 0.1∼3.5 cm) and the mean operative time was 192 minutes. Forty-nine tumors were papillary cancers and 1 tumor was a follicular cancer. Two patients in the endoscopic total thyroidectomy group underwent re-operation because of bleeding. In the near-total thyroidectomy group, one patient had transient hypocalcemia and one patient had temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. In the total thyroidectomy group, nine patients had transient hypocalcemia and one patient had temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. There was no statistical difference in the post-operative complicationrates between the two groups (P=0.254 for hypocalcemia and P=0.470 for injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve). Conclusion: Based on our experience, endoscopic total thyroidectomy is a safe and feasible alternative to endoscopic near-total thyroidectomy. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2009; 9:201-205)