정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Stain improvement in the white button mushroom ‘Seolgang’ and its varietal characteristics in Agaricus bisporus

Byung-Joo Lee,Mi-Ae Lee,Yong-Gyun Kim,Kwang-Won Lee,Yong-Pyo Lim,Byung-Eui Lee,Ho-Yeon Song 한국버섯학회 2012 한국버섯학회지 Vol.10 No.4

The button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) is one of the most widely cultivated important edible mushroom species. In the breeding of new button mushroom, ‘Seolgang’ was developed by crossing two monokaryons ‘CM020913-27’ and ‘SSU423-31’. Because of the secondarily homothallism, only a small percentage of the basidia produce 3 or 4 spores, which are mostly haploid (n) and do not fruit. Single spore cultures derived from these types of spores produce a vegetative mycelium that also contain a variable number of genetically identical nuclei per cell called monokaryon. The lack of clamp connections between monokaryon and dikaryon required a series of mycelial culture and fruiting test. After crossing, hybrids were cultivated on a small scale and on a commercial scale at a farm. For this, the spawn was made by a commercial spawn producer and the spawned compost by a commercial compost producer. Mycelial growth of ‘Seolgang’ on CDA was better at 20℃ and 25℃ when it was compared with that of ‘505 Ho’. The mature cap shape of new strain ‘Seolgang’ is oblate spheroid and the immature cap shape is round to oblate spheroid. The cap diameter was 41.2 mm on average. In comparison with white strain ‘505 Ho’, the strain had a yield that was 9% higher. It produced fruiting bodies which had a higher weight on average per fruiting body and were 19% firmer with a good shelf life. Days of fruiting body were 3-4 days later than those of ‘505 Ho’. The physical characteristics such as elasticity, chewiness, adhesiveness were better than that of ‘505 Ho’. Genetic analysis of the new strain ‘Seolgang’ showed different profiles compared to ‘505 Ho’, CM02913-27, SSU413-31, when RAPD primers A02 and O04 were used.

축우 부루셀라병의 ELISA 진단법에 관한 연구

임윤규,이두식,박전홍,양기천,김승호,김공식,현관종,김우택,이영순 濟州大學校 農科大學 動物科學硏究所 1993 動物科學論叢 Vol.8 No.1

Enzyme-linked Immuno sorbent Assay (ELISA) for the serological diagnosis oi Bruceiia abortus was developed and compared with plate aggluhnation test Cell wall antigen was extracted from Brucella abortus 1119-3 by sonicabon and with a sodium deoxychlate solution Optimum protein concentra tion of coating antigen 0.4㎍/100㎕ protein on each microtiter plate well. Horse radish peroxidase(HRP) labled protein-G was used as a tracer of reacted antibodies ELISA confirmed the agreeable results of 40 rases out of 43 cases by plate aggulutination test ELISA diagnosed positive cases (10 out of 12) and negatiw cases (1 out of 12) with dubious sera by plate agglutination test From this results EL ISA could be used for the early diagnostic tools of Brucellosis in cattle.

사파이어 기판에 제작한 YBa₂Cu₃O_(7-δ) 박막의 특성연구

임해용,김인선,김동호,박종철,박용기 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1

C-axis oriented YBa_(2)Cu_(3)O_(7-δ) (YBCO) thin films on R-cut sapphire substrate were grown by pulsed laser deposition. CeO_(2) film was used as a buffer layer for YBCO deposition on R-cut sapphire substrate. Crystallinity of CeO_(2) buffer layer was researched by XRD. Surface morphology and superconducting properties of YBCO thin films were characterized by SEM and four probe method. Critical temperature of YBCO thin films was ≥89 K, and critical current density was 1.5 x10^(6) A/cm^(2) if at 77 K.

나사산이 있는 관이음의 효과적인 해석모델의 개발

임중연,이호용,고광일 東國大學校 1996 東國論叢 Vol.35 No.-

This paper is concerned with and efficient model for the structural analysis of threaded connections which is used to assemble the tubular connections such as pipes. Advanced mechanics has been used to develop the model which yields acceptably accurate solutions for stresses when compared to other methods such as experimental or finite element analysis procedures. Beam-on-elastic-foundation equations are used to compute stresses due to assembly of the connection while bolt-nut equation and Lame' equation are used for axial loads and pressures. Numerical results show that our model is computationally efficient and valid in terms of stress distribution for make-up. The current model can provide the quick and inexpensive analysis tools to the production engineer with reasonable accuracy.

運動選手의 身體構成과 體型 및 最大有酸素性 能力에 關한 縱斷的 硏究 : 蹴球選手를 中心으로 Emphasised on soccer Players

林相鶴,金豪敏,崔成根,韓泰龍 서울市立大學校 1989 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

This study attempts to find the change and the relationship of body composition somatotype and maximum aerobic power according to the age on the based of result of the survey performed to 69 subjects who attended in the K college, D high school, K middle school. The result were as follows : 1. The percent of fat of all the subjcets was lower than that of ordinary people. 2. Somatotype of subjects was higher mesomorph and lower endomorph. 3. Maximum oxygen uptake was increasing and maximum oxygen uptake per kilogram of body weight was decreasing according to growth. 4. Endomorph and maximum oxygen uptake was sure to have certain correlation.

웹 서버 구현 방안들에 대한 성능 비교

임동관,선주호,김종욱,김용석 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2007 産業技術硏究 Vol.27 No.B

For Web server implementations, there are 4 main schemes: process-per-request (PPR), thread-per-request (TPR), worker thread pool (WTP), and worker thread pool with buffers (WTPB). This paper compares performance of the schemes in response time point of view. WTPB shows the best performance. The appropriate number of worker threads for WTPB depends on the request service time. For short requests, the number can be very small. But for longer requests, it is about 1/6 of the number of simultaneous connections.

시판 요구르트 Starter의 생리적 특성

임용숙,김순희,이신호 대구효성가톨릭대학교 응용과학연구소 1994 응용과학연구논문집 Vol.3 No.-

시판 호상 요구르트의 품질 검사와 분리된 유산균의 starter특성을 조사한 결과 시판 요구르트의 유산균 수는 9개 회사 시료중 1개 회사가 1.66×10^6CFU/g 을 나타내었고 그외 8개 회사제품은 10^8 ~ 10^9CFU/ml 범위를 나타내었다. 제품의 pH 범위는 4.00 ~ 4.33 으로 비교적 산미가 강하였으며, 적정산도는 1.063 ~ 1.321% 였다. 순수 분리한 요구르트 starter의 산 생성 속도는 배양 시간이 경과함에 따라 적정산도가 모두 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 배양 12시간째 starter B가 산 생성이 가장 좋았으며, starter E의 산 생성 속도가 가장 늦었다. 9개 회사 starter는 공히 위액과 담즙산에 강한 내성이 관찰되었으며 특히 D, E, G 균주의 경우 위액과 담즙산에 거의 생존하여 가장 내성이 강한 경향을 나타내었다. Viable cells, pH and titrable acidity of nine kinds of marketing gel-type yoghurts and acid production and survival in digestive fluids and bile salts of the isolated starters were investigated. Viable cells of one sample was 1.66×10^6(CFU/g) and other eight samples show-ed about 10^8 to 10^9 (CFU/g). All samples tested had a strong acidic taste with the pH of 4.0 to 4.3 and titrable acidity with 1.063 ` 1.321% lactic acid/ml. Acid production of isolated yoghurt starter increased during incubation. After 12 hr incubation, starter B showed the highest acid pro-duction ability but starter E was the lowest. All of starters were survived in artificial gastric juice and bile salts, especially starter B, E and I showed the strong resistance in artificial gastric juice and bile salts.

모세관 전기영동법을 이용한 6-Acetonyl-dihydrosanguinarine 광학이성질체의 분리

임환미,송용선,김영호,강종성 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2002 藥學論文集 Vol.17 No.-

Hylomecon hylomeconoides is the endemic plant growing in southern part of Korea and belongs to Papaveraceae family and contains many benzophenanthridine alkaloids. As a benzophenanthridine alkaloid 6-acetonyldihydrosanguinarine (ADS) was extracted from Hylomecon hylomeconoides and the separation of enantiomers was performed by capillary electrophoresis (CE). The effects of type of chiral selectors, pH and concentration of electrolyte on the resolution of ADS enantiomers were observed for the optimization of separation method. The optimum separation of the ADS enantiomers was achieved on fused silica capillary (75 um i.d.×47 cm, 40 cm to detector) with phosphate buffer (pH 7, 50 mM) added 4.55 mM of 2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammoniumpropyl-β-cyclodextrin (TMA-β-CD) as electrolyte at 10 kV running voltage. Injection was hydrodynamically for 3 psi×s and detection was carried out at UV 205nm.

상아질 결합제의 종류와 처리방법에 따른 전단결합강도와 상아질-레진 결합계면 미세구조에 관한 연구

임창하,이용렬,정영화,송호준,박영준 大韓齒科器材學會 2003 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.30 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dentin bonding agents (DBA) with the variations of the bonding system generations (4^th, 5^th and 6^th) and application methods by comparing the shear bond strengths (SBS) which were determined 24 h after application and dentin-adhesive interface microstructure. It was also aimed to suggest the theoretical clues for the adequate use of each bonding systems. The parameters were 1) generation of bonding systems (one product of 4^th, eight products of 5^th, and three products of 6^th generation), 2) moisture condition of the dentin surface after acid conditioning (moist group vs. dry group), 3) solvent type of the primers (three acetone-based, one acetone/ethanol-based, two water/ethanol-based, four water-based, one ethanol-based, one water/acetone-based), and 4) type of etchants (seven with phosphoric acid, three with self-etching primer, and one with 10-3 etchant). The results were as follows; One-bottle adhesives had comparable shear bond strengths compared to multiple component bonding agents, and some showed even higher results. Single Bond had the highest SBS value (20.6 ㎫) in the moist subgroup. For 4th and 5th generation DBAs, except for Mac Bond Ⅱ, all bonding systems showed lower SBS when dentin became desiccated after the conditioning-rinsing step, and generally shorter resin tags were produced in dry condition. Acetone-based adhesives generally showed better penetrability into dentinal tubules, and tended to be more sensitive to the degree of dentin dampness compared to those of the ethanol- or water-based adhesives. With Mac Bond Ⅱ which uses a self-etching primer, even though the hybrid layer was thin with a thickness of 1∼2 μ m, SBS was comparatively high. In the case of 6^th generation DBAs, Prompt L-Pop showed significantly lower SBS to dentin (7.4 ㎫) compared to those of AQ bond (13.3 ㎫) and One-Up Bond F (13.1 ㎫)(p<0.05). The hybrid layer was thin with a thickness of about 1μ m. In the case of AQ bond and One-Up Bond F, dentinal tubules were relatively well sealed. In the case of Prompt L-Pop, on the other hand, some of the dentinal tubules were not completely sealed, and fractured resin tags and separation between the hybrid layer and composite resin were observed. In the case of AQ bond, about 15μ m-thick resin layer was formed and many of the adhesive resin tags could not penetrate deep into the dentinal tubules. In the case of One-Up Bond F, many resin tags which are more than 50μ m-long were formed, but short penetration was also seen in some tubules. It is concluded that even though resin tag formation contributes in some extent for the bond strength, sufficient penetration of the adhesive resin to the exposed collagen meshwork and complete curing there in, and having sufficient strength to withstand the stress caused by the polymerization shrinkage during the light curing is essential for the success of the bonding procedure.