정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

The high dosage of earthworm (Eisenia andrei) extract decreases cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the mouse hippocampal dentate gyrus

Bing Chun Yan,Ki-Yeon Yoo,Joon Ha Park,Choong Hyun Lee,Jung Hoon Choi,Moo-Ho Won 대한해부학회 2011 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.44 No.3

Earthworm extract has shown anticancer characteristics. In the present study, we examined the effect of chronic treatment with a high dose of earthworm (Eisenia andrei) extract (EE) on cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of 3-week-old mice using 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry for cell proliferation and doublecortin (DCX) immunohistochemistry for neuroblast differentiation, respectively. BrdU-, Ki-67-, and DCX-immunoreactive cells were easily detected in the subgranular zone of the DG in vehicle (saline)-treated mice. However, BrdU-, Ki-67-, and DCX-immunoreactive cells in the 500 ㎎/㎏ EE-treated mice decreased distinctively compared to those in the vehicle-treated mice. In addition, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) immunoreactivity and its protein level decreased markedly in the DG of the EE-treated group compared to those in the vehicle-treated group. These results indicate that chronic treatment with high dose EE decreased cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation, and that BDNF immunoreactivity decreased in the DG of EE-treated mice.

The high dosage of earthworm (Eisenia andrei) extract decreases cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the mouse hippocampal dentate gyrus.

Yan, Bing Chun,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Park, Joon Ha,Lee, Choong Hyun,Choi, Jung Hoon,Won, Moo-Ho Korean Association of Anatomists 2011 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.44 No.3

<P>Earthworm extract has shown anticancer characteristics. In the present study, we examined the effect of chronic treatment with a high dose of earthworm (Eisenia andrei) extract (EE) on cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of 3-week-old mice using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry for cell proliferation and doublecortin (DCX) immunohistochemistry for neuroblast differentiation, respectively. BrdU-, Ki-67-, and DCX-immunoreactive cells were easily detected in the subgranular zone of the DG in vehicle (saline)-treated mice. However, BrdU-, Ki-67-, and DCX-immunoreactive cells in the 500 mg/kg EE-treated mice decreased distinctively compared to those in the vehicle-treated mice. In addition, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) immunoreactivity and its protein level decreased markedly in the DG of the EE-treated group compared to those in the vehicle-treated group. These results indicate that chronic treatment with high dose EE decreased cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation, and that BDNF immunoreactivity decreased in the DG of EE-treated mice.</P>

석면에 장기간 노출된 퇴직한 수리조선업 근로자의 폐영상 : 단순흉부촬영 및 고해상전산화단층촬영 소견과 그 유병률 Lung and Pleural Diseases Prevalence on Chest Radiograph and HRCT

김기남,김정일,,이기남,정갑열,김준연 大韓産業醫學會 2006 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.18 No.2

목적: 장기간 석면에 노출되었던 퇴직한 조선소 근로자에서 단순흉부촬영과 고해상 CT소견 및 그 유병률을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 수리조선소에서 배관공 또는 영선반에서 근무한 후 퇴직한 근로자 18명을 대상으로 하여 후전면 및 측면 단순흉부촬영과 고해상 CT를 시행하였다. 이들은 모두 조선소에서 사용하는 단열재 사용 작업 중에 석면에 노출되었다. 결과: 단순흉부촬영에서 총 18례 중 12례(66.7%)에서 흉막병변이 관찰되었다. 흉막플라크의 위치는 횡경막 단독으로 비후된 경우가 5례로 가장 많았으며, 외측흉벽 흉막플라크의 두계는 a가 3례, b가 1례에서 보였고, 길이는 1이 4례, 2가 1례에서 보였다. 흉막플라크를 가진 12례 중 2례는 미만성 흉막비후를 동시에 보였다. 흉막플라크의 석회화는 횡경막에서만 4례 관찰되었다. 석면과 관련된 폐실질병변이 의심되는 소견은 관찰되지 않았다. 고해상 CT에서는 16례(88.9%)에서 흉막비후가 관찰되었으며, 위치는 척추 주위 13례, 횡경막 11례 등이었다. 동반된 석회화는 7례에서 보였다. 두께는 1 mm부터 1cm까지 이었고, 길이는 2cm부터 47cm이상까지 매우 다양하였다. 3명(16.7%)에서 흉막비후 근처의 하폐 기저부에 흉막하 곡선이 나타나는 석면폐증의 초기 소견이 보였다. 결론: 장기간 석면에 노출된 근로자의 석면 관련 흉막병변의 유병률이 매우 높아 장기적인 추적검사가 필요하다고 사료된다. Purpose: To determine imaging findings among retired workers who were long-term exposed to asbestos. Lung and pleural diseases prevalence were studied on chest radiograph and HRCT. Materials and Methods: Eighteen workers who were long-term exposedto asbestos occupationally in shipyards were examined by chest radiographs (PA and lateral view) and HRCT (high-resolution computed tomography). Results: In 12of 18 subjects (66.7%), asbestos-related pleural abnormalities were evident in diaphragmatic, lateral chest wall and costophrenic angle of the pleura on chest radiographs. The thickness of pleural plaques at the lateral chest wall varied. Diffuse pleural thickening was evident in 2 workers. Parenchymal abnormalities were not found on chest radiographs. On HRCT, pleural thickening wasobserved in 16 of 18 subjects (88.9%), in the areas of juxtavertebral, diaphragmatic, anterior, lateral, mediastinal and fissural pleura. Curvilinear subpleural lines representing early parenchymal asbestosis were found in the lower posterior lung in three of 18 subjects (16.7%). Conclusions: In long term asbestos-exposed workers, the asbestos-related pleural disease was 66.7% on chest radiographs and 88.9% on HRCT. The authors suggest that this group should be followed up periodically

前腕部 經穴 取穴에서 骨度分寸法과 一夫法의 比較 硏究

박히준,채윤병,차웅석,박종배,이혜정,이향숙,인창식,고형균,김수영,최일환,김강식,문정배,배기태,유경환,육근영,정병주,손인철,임사비나 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2004 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2004 No.-

Background : The cun measurement System, an essential and convenient method in locating acupoints, has been widely used in the practice of acupuncture. However, traditional cun measurement has been criticized for its lack of reliability. Objectives : The purposes of this study are to determine if one cun measured by the directional methods have a consistency with that of proportional methods and to investigate which factors are related with these differences, especially in forearm. Methods : The distance between the elbow crease and the wrist crease of forearm was compared to a reference value of one cun obtained by the directional method. In this method, one cun is one third of the distance between index finger and Small finger of a subject, measured at proximal interphalangeal joint. In addition, to investigate the factors influencing the differences between these two methods, we measured the height and body weight and calculated body mass index (BMI). Finally we analyzed the factors correlated with these lengths by linear regression test. Results : The results showed that one cun obtained by the directional methods were significantly different from one cun by the proportional methods in forearm. It was demonstrated that the length acquired with the directional method was more correlated with body weight and body mass index, while the length obtained by the proportional method was more correlated with the height.

횡성군에서의 자살에 관한 연구

박기창,한정옥,유계준 大韓神經精神醫學會 1985 신경정신의학 Vol.24 No.2

An epidemiologic and psychiatric studies about suicides in Whoeng-Sung county for the past 7 years from January 1, 1977 to December 31, 1983 were conducted in order to identify overall pictures of suicides committed in this area. All the suicidal cases were obtained from the records of Whoeng-Sung police station. The authors visited homes of suicide victims and interviewed the family members, the relatives and the neighbors. The total number of suicides committed in this area during the study period was 123, and the suicidal rate was 23.4 per 100,000 population. The number, excluding the inhabitants outside this area, was 109, and the rate was 20.7 per 100,000 population. The male to female ratio was 2 to 1 and the highest rates were shown in the age group of 50-59 for male and 20-29 for female. Also, higher rates were shown in lesser educated, lower economic class, and people of Buddism and Confucianism. The main method for suicides, accounting for 76.2% of the total, was by ingestion of herbicides and insecticides for farming purposes. The place selected for the suicide was usually at victim's own house (67.9%). 82.4% of the victims have previously suggested their intention to commit suicide and of the victim have left a will. Also the suicidal rate was highest in the summer, higher in the afternoon, and higher in the beginning of the week for the male. Single men showed the highest suicidal rate. The common precipitating factors of committing suicide were family trouble, chronic illness or disability and financial difficulty. The most apparant dynamic motives of the suidides was easy self-abandonment of one's own life. Most of the suicidal victims had some psychopathologic condition (91.6%).

이방성 함유체가 포함된 2차원 무한 고체의 탄성 해석에 관한 연구

李鼎基,崔成準 홍익대학교 산업기술연구소 1997 産業技術 Vol.7 No.-

A volume integral equation method and a mixed volume and boundary integral equation method are presented for solving the elastostatic plane problems in unbounded solids containing orthotropic/isotropic inclusion and voids. The detailed analysis of lthe displacement and stress fields are developed for cylindrical land elliptic cylindrical inclusion/voids. The accuracy and efficiency of the method are examined through comparison with results obtained from analytical and boundary integral equation methods.

Rosin의 감化 및 종이 Sizing 過程에서 含有有機酸의 反應에 關한 硏究

金永基,李正根,李濬,吳平濟 건국대학교 1980 學術誌 Vol.24 No.2

As a major component in the process of internal paper sizing, reactions of abietic acid and gum rosin in fortification, saponification and paper sizing was investigated by means of X-ray powder diffraction, infra-red spectrophotometry, potentiometric titration and chemical analysis. The results obtained are as follows: 1.Gum rosin, a kind of pine resin, have been known as an amorphous material. However, X-ray diffraction patterns of abietic acid being well known component of the gum rosin and raw rosin taken directly from pine tree were those of crystalline materials. The raw pine rosin was identified as 1,3 dihydrodextropimaric acid in the Powder Diffraction File compiled by the concerned joint institution, but crystalline structure of abietic acid have not yet filed in the File. 2.Fortification of abietic acid and gum rosin with maleic anhydride added additional anhydride carbonyl radicals to their molecules. Naturally, the saponification number as well as the acid number was increased as much as the degree of fortification. 3.By Saponification with sodium hydroxide, majorly sodium salts of the acids were formed and a small portion of free acids and intermolecular water was included. 4.It is certainty identified that aluminum-rosin size precipitates formed from abietic size and gum rosin size are mixtures of free acid and aluminum diabietate or aluminum diresinate. On the other hand, it is suggested that aluminum-rosin size precipitates formed from fortified abietic size or fortified rosin size contain more aluminum than the aluminum diabietate or the aluminum diresinate probably because the reaction of aluminum ions and carboxyl radicals added additionally by maleo-fortification.

고위험군의 원발성 전신성 유전분증 1례 보고 및 조혈모세포이식에 대한 문헌고찰

심준,박수정,엄현석,김기영,박은정,강인중,조병식,이안희,한치화 대한조혈모세포이식학회 2001 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.6 No.2

저자 등은 클론성 형질세포질환과 동반된 젊은 연령의 원발성 전신성 유전분증 환자를 진단하였기에 다발성 골수종과의 감별 진단, 치료 , 예후 및 고용량 항암화학요법과 조혈모세포이식에 관하여 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Primary systemic amyloidosis (AL) is a rapidly fatal disorder related to plasma cell dyscrasia. Conventional dose of melphalan, which prolongs the duration of survival by about 10 months, does not improve the functions of impaired organs in most cases. The high dose chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell rescue for AL, in spite of its high treatment-related mortality, is a new approach to achieve high response rate and better survival. We experienced a 35-year old man with AL(involving heart, liver, stomach, kidneys, peripheral nerve, and rectum) who did not respond to the standard schedule of melphalan plus prednisone and had rapidly fatal course with organ failure. Hence, we evaluate its availability by reviewing the recent reports of high dose chemotherapy in AL.

Palmes Tube를 이용한 지역별 NO₂농도와 직종별 NO₂개인 폭로량에 관한 연구

김준연,박순우,김동일,장봉기,정경동,김두희,홍대용,정갑열,김용규,이종섭,유일수,김정만 동아대학교 의과대학 부설 산업의학연구소 1992 산업의학연구소 논총 Vol.- No.1

Indoor air quality is important to human wellbeing because people their spend much of time indoors. Current efforts to reduce ventilation rates in building may conserve energy but may also passibly empair human health and welfare through increased levels of indoor contaminants. Nitrogn dioxide( NO₂)has been regarded as one of the important indoor air pollutants. This report updates the assessment of NO₂concentrations at indoor & vehicle road and personal NO₂exposure levels by job groups in four urban cities. NO₂concentrations were measured using the diffusion tube method on 671 subjects in four cities(Pusan, Taegu, Chinju. Iri) from Dec. 1988 to Feb, 1989 and from Dec. 1989 to Feb. 1990. The results of the study obtained were as follows. Ⅰ. Indoor & vehicle road NO₂levels 1. The mean NO₂level was 37.8±19.6(8∼189)ppb and the highest with 42.2±20.5ppb at Bus & Taxi. 2. The NO₂levels by area were as follows: Pusan city, 38.3±20.3ppb: Taegu city, 41.1±17.6ppb: Chinju city, 33.0±19.4ppb: Iri city, 35.8±20.6ppb. 3. The site of the highest NO₂level in Pusan, Taegu, Chinju and Iri city were as follows: Bus & Taxi, 45.4ppb: Vehicle road, 50.8ppb: Bus & Taxi, 37.5ppb: Bus & Taxi. 45.0ppb. Ⅱ. Personal NO₂exposure level 1. The mean level of personal NO₂exposure was 42.7 ±23.1(6∼145)ppb and the highest with 54.0±25.5ppb at office workers. 2. Personal NO₂exposure levels by area were as follows: Pusan city 44.8±20.2ppb: Taegu city, 50.6±24.3ppb: Chinju city, 47.1±23.2ppb: Iri city, 48.0±27.0ppb. 3. The job group of the highest personal NO₂exposure level in Pusan, Taegu, Chinju and Iri city were as follows: Office workers, 50.3ppb: Bus & Taxi drivers, 63.8ppb: Office workers, 59.8ppb: Office workers, 60.0ppb.