정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

섬유소 분해효소 생성 미생물의 분리 및 특성

鄭永哲,姜仁秀,金希淑 진주여자전문대학 1991 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

Of 7 cellulolytic isolates which produced both cellulase complex and xylanase at 40℃ or 42℃ under the neutral pH range, LBC505 and CYC10 strains were a potent cellulase producer isolated from soil, and found to be similar to Pseudomonas sp. Cellulolytic thermophilic F204 and F1020, were also isolated from soil and identified as Bacillus sp. from its taxonomical characteristics, except for its ability to grow at high temperature and pH. Pseudomonas sp. and thermophilic alkalophilic Bacillus sp. produced CMCase, avicelase and β-1, 4-glucosidase as well as xylanase in culture filtrate. The optimal temperature and pH for cell growth and cellulase production of Pseudomonas sp LBC505 and CYC10 were 42℃, pH 6.8-7.0, respectively, and Bacillus sp. F204 and F1020 were 50℃, pH 10.0. The maximal cellulase complex and xylanase acitivities were obtained by cultivating Pseudomonas sp in improved medium, FCY medium, containing 2% CMC, 0.5% yeast extract, 0.3% polypeptone, 0.2% (NH₄)₂SO₄, 0.5% NaCl, 0.2% K₂PO₄, 0.05% MgSO₄·7H₂O, 0.04% CaCl₂, 0.02% FeSO₄·7H₂O, 0.001% MnSO₄·7H₂O, at 40-42℃ for 48hrs. Cellulase complex and xylanase production of Bacillus sp. in an improved medium(FTA) containing the best compound investigated were higher 1.4-2.3 times than that in initial medium(PY-CMC) and its enzyme activity was maximal when grown at 50℃ for 36hrs.

人體 象徵體系로서의 建築空間構成에 關한 硏究

鄭英喆 慶一大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.9 No.1

The human body was widely used in design throughtout the world. It is the purpose of this study to search for the ways of essential usage of human body in architectural design and for the spatial organization of architecture as the symbol of the human body. Man as the measure of the all things is situated in center of the cosmic system with the cardinal points and vertical axis. Man articulates the nature and environment, and then organizes the human space. The dynamic balance, order and mental peace between huamn and built environment is obvtained through the orientation of the human.

Archaebacterium Thermococcus profundus DT5432가 생성하는 고도호열성 Pullulanase의 특성

정영철,강인수,김경숙 진주여자전문대학 1994 論文集 Vol.17 No.-

A hyperthermophilic Thermococcus profundus DT5432, anaerobic archaebacterium which was isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent system(depth, 1,395m), metabolized starch at 80℃, and produced an active and thermostable extracellular pullulanase. Optimum condition for thermophilic pullulanase production was found to be at 80℃, pH 7.0 within 12hr incubation. The three bands of pullulanase activity were visible by activity staining on native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The pullulanase exhibited maximal activity at pH 7.0∼7.5 and 90℃, and was stable in the range of pH 5.0∼10.0 and up to 80℃ for 5hr. Thermostability of the enzyme was enhanced in the presence of 5mM Ca^(2+) at temperature above 90℃. The pullulanase activity increased in the presence of Ca^(2+), which acts as an activator and stabilizer in case of aerobic enzymes. The enzyme was resistant to various chemical reagents, particularly. detergents such as SDS. tween 40, 60, triton X-100 and urea. The pullulanase displayed a relative substrate secificity for hydrolysis of pullulan(100%) versus 30% for amylopectin, 17% for glycogen and 12% for starch.

단백질 분해효소 생성 호염성세균의 분리 및 효소 생성

정영철,김양우,노종수,강인수 진주여자전문대학 1996 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

For the accelerating fermentation of high salt anchovy using halophilic proteolytic microorganisms, various halotolerant or halophilic protease-producing strains were isolated from 13 types of high salt fermented fish pastes. Among 13 halotolerant and 4 halophilic isolates which produced proteases on PS agar medium containing a different NaCl concentration from 0% to 20%, one halotolerant and protease-producing strain, CK-14 was identified as a member of Bacillus sp., and another halophilic and protease-producing strain , LF-7, a member of Vibrio sp. through fatty acid composition analysis. The NaCl range for growth and protease production of Bacillus sp. CK-14 and Vibrio sp. LF-7 in PS broth was extended from 0% to 12.5%, and from 5% to 20%, with an optimal concentration of 5% and 7.5%, respectively. The optimal temperature and pH for cell growth and protease production of Bacillus sp. CK-14 and Vibrio sp. LF-7 were 30℃ and 35℃, pH range of 8.0 to 8.5 and 6.5 to 9.5, respectively. The maximal protease activity of Bacillus sp. CK-14 was 3200 unit after 6% incubation, and that of Vibrio sp. LF-7 was 3980 unit after 120hr incubation under optimal culture conditions.

EMS하의 유럽공동통화정책 성과분석

정철호,강영훈 釜山外國語大學校國際通商硏究所 2002 國際經營論集 Vol.17 No.-

In this study I investigated the stability of the EMS during the period of 1979-1998 and gave several suggestions to the single currency of the EU. In this study, several conclusions are reached: First, the EMS succeeded in creating a monetary stability zone but if compared to the volatility of the Bretton Woods System in the 1960s, the exchange rate in EMS were found to be more volatile. Second, at a glance it might appear that the EMS was very successful with regard to the internal dimension. Average inflation within the system decreased from about 10 percent in 1979-1980 to 2 percent in 1987. But it increased to about 4 percent throughout the 1989-1990 period. Comparing inflation rates of other countries, such as the USA and Japan, to those of EMS members, the disinflation effect can be found to some extent during the early period of EMS. Especially, inflation rates of EMS members were higher than during the Bretton Woods era. Thirdly, the shock absorbing function was not effected by the EMS. National monetary policy always has had spillover effects on other countries. These external effects made a coordination of monetary policy desirable, but an explicit coordination might be difficult to be achieved. A large asymmetric shocks and a different specialization would tend to cause partial exchange rate coordination. Therefore, it is implied that the EMS is not a useful substitute for full coordination. Finally, the most direct way to measure the degree of asymmetry in a fixed exchange rate system is to assign the obligation to intervene in the foreign exchange markets to the EU members. The EMS was designed to be symmetric in this respect, since both central banks have to intervene if any one bilateral exchange rate reaches the limits imposed by the parity grid. Especially the Bundesbank intervened only if it was obliged to do so by the main symmetric feature of the EMS, that is, the obligation to control at the margin. This analysis tells us that the EMS has not functioned as initially intended. Most EU members employed their own policy targets. Accordingly, the bilateral exchange rates of EU members in the EMS were volatile and went beyond the margins. And, the original intention ito stabilize exchange rates of members included at the early period of the EMS did fade away. In conclusion, EU members realized that the fixed exchange rate system did not guarantee for the stability of exchange rates in the internal degree and, therefore, led to the decision to introduce the single currency.

파킨슨씨병 환자에 있어서 자가부신수질 이식술

정상섭,박상근,오성훈,김선호,윤도흠,박정수,양우익,최인준,안영수,김경환,박창일,김진수,이현철 대한신경외과학회 1988 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.17 No.6

Recent experimental studies and clinical cases have suggested that grafting tissue from the adrenal medulla into the brain may alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Autologous adrenal medullary grafts into the striatum was performed stereotactically in two patients with Parkinson's disease. Both patients were bedridden preoperatively, but 4 months after the surgery both became ambulatory and one was even capable of returning to his job. Even though the number of cases was small⑵ and the follow-up period was short, this study shows that adrenal medullary transplantation into the striatum may have some beneficial effects in patient with Parkinson's disease. Further experimental and clinical trials are necessary to see whether this procedure will be a recommendable surgical treatment for patients suffering from Parkinson's disease.

정신분열병 환자의 망상에 대한 인지행동치료의 효과

정영철,김재현,은홍배,황익근 대한신경정신의학회 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.1

연구목적: 정신분열병 환자의 망상에 대한 인지행동치료의 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 1999년 6월부터 2000년 9월까지 정신과 병동에 입원된 정신분열병, 정신분열형장애, 그리고 분영정동장애 환자들을 인지행동치료 군과 지지정신치료 군에 무작위 배정하고 10주의 치료기간동안 망상의 확신, 몰두, 그리고 불안의 정도, 증상에 대한 설명방식, 그리고 회복형태를 평가하였으며 두 군간의 결과들을 서로 비교하였다. 결과: 1) 망상의 확신과 불안은 두 군 모두 시간이 지남에 따라 감소하였으나 두 군간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 2) 망상의 몰두는 두 군 모두 시간에 따른 감소를 보였고 인지행동치료 군에서 지지정신치료 군보다 현저한 감소가 있었다. 3) 설명방식과 회복형태는 인지행동치료 군에서 지지정신치료 군보다 유의한 긍정적 변화를 보였다. 결론: 인지행동치료는 망상의 몰두, 증상에 대한 설명방식, 그리고 회복형태에 있어서 지지정신치료보다 우수한 치료효과를 가진다. Objectives : The effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the delusion in schizophrenic patients was evaluated. Methods : The patients admitted to a psychiatric ward from September 1999 to June 2000 and diagnosed as schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, and schizoaffective disorder by DSM-IV were randomly assigned to cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT) group(n=9) and supportive psychotherapy(ST) group(n=8). During the 10 weeks' treatment period, conviction, preoccupation, and anxiety on delusion, mode of explanation about symptom, and recovery style were regularly measured and compared between groups. Results : 1) As for conviction and anxiety on delusion, the patients from both groups showed gradual reduction over time, but there was no significant difference between groups. 2) As for preoccupation of delusion, patients from both groups showed gradual reduction over time, and the patients on CBT group had a significantly more reduction than ST group. 3) As for mode of explanation and recovery style, CBT group had more marked positive changes than ST group did. Conclusion : Cognitive-behavioral therapy is more effective on preoccupation of delusion, explanatory mode about symptom, and recovery style than supportive psychotherapy.

하지방사통을 동반한 성인 협부결손성 요추전방전위증의 후방요추간유합술 및 추경나사고정술후 추적결과

최철,김근수,최하영,김철진,김형일,이정청 대한신경외과학회 1999 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.28 No.4

建築 CAD Layer 標準化에 關한 硏究

정영철,박문석 경일대학교 산업기술연구소 1999 産業技術硏究所 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

To deal with the enormous amount of information data produced in modern society, the new method which can manage those data quickly, accurately, and systematically is needed. So that the field of drawing, management and maintenance o drawings, the application of computer technology and CAD system is also inevitable. The purpose of the this study is to standardize the layer system to maximize the efficiency and productivity in using CAD system. The development of modeling is made of AutoCAD's interprint language(Autolisp and DCL). The modeling program is developed with composed of 'maker.lsp', 'modify.lsp', 'setting.lsp', and 'save.lsp'. This program increased the rate of progress and the operation efficiency.