네모나프라이드의 유효성 및 추체외로 부작용 : Haloperidol 및 Risperidone과의 자연관찰적 개방형 비교연구 A Naturalistic Open Comparative Study with Haloperidol and Risperidone

서영수,김용관,신동환,공보금,이정구,박정환,윤성환,정치영,이상경,김영훈 대한생물치료정신의학회 2001 생물치료정신의학 Vol.7 No.2

Objectives : This open prospective study was performed in order to evaluate the efficacy and extrapyramidal adverse effects of nemonapride in the schizophrenic patients, and was compared wit one of typical antipshchotics. haloperidol and one of atypical antipsychotics, risperidone. Methods : Thirty male and female schizophrenic patients(DSM-Ⅳ) were treated for 12 weeks with haloperidol(n=10), risperidone(n=10) and nemonapride(n=10). The overall efficacy was assessed at baseline, 1st week, 2nd week, 4th week, 8th week, and 12th week by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia(PANSS). Also the overall safety was assessed in the same time period by the Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale(ESRS). Results : There were no significant differences in PANSS scores(total, positive, negative, and general psycho­pathology subscale) among haloperidol, risperidone, and nemonapride groups, Treatment responders, defined as at least 20% reduction of baseline total PANSS score, were achieved by 8 patients(80%) in haloperidol group, 10 patients(100%) in risperidone group, and 8 patients(80%) in nemonapride group. And there were no significant differences in ESRS total scores among haloperidol, risperidone, and nemonapride group. Inter-group comparison among haloperidol, risperidone and nemonapride group, as assessed by the ESRS, revealed no significant differences in the shifts to the maximum score, 9.4(±9.4), 6.2(±8.4), and 11.3(±8.1) respectively, and also revealed no significant differences in the mean time reaching the maximum score, 4.5(±4.5) week, 7.8(±4.8) week, and 4.6(±4.4) week, respectivily. Conclusion : There wee no significant differences in the efficacy and extrapyramidal adverse effects among haloperidal, rispecridone and nemonapride groups. These results suggest that nemonapride was as efficacious and safe in he treatment of schizophrenia, as well known and widely used antipsychotics, haloperidol and risperidone.

심한 골병변으로 발현된 기능성 낭종성 부갑상선 선종

전숙,김영희,박지영,고관표,박철영,김덕윤,우정택,김성운,김진우,김영설,고석환 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.2

낭종성 부갑상선 선종과 심한 골병변을 동반한 부갑상선 기능항진증은 매우 드문 질환으로서, 저자들은 양측 고관절의 통증을 초기 주소로 내원한 환자에서 고칼슘혈증과 부갑상선 호르몬 증가, 골병변의 방사선적 소견을 통해 부갑상선 기능항진증을 진단하고, 경부 초음파와 컴퓨터 단층 촬영, 부갑상선 스캔검사 및 수술중 부갑상선 낭종액 검사 등을 통해 기능성 부갑상선 낭종의 한 종류인 낭종성 부갑상선 선종을 진단하고 수술적 제거를 통하여 정상화된 1예를 경험하였다. A cystic parathyroid adenoma is rare. A case of primary hyperparathyroidism, with the cystic formation of a parathyroid adenoma and a severe bony lesion, is reported. A 52-year-old male was admitted due to pain in both hips and for evaluation of hypercalcemia. The plasma level of the intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) was elevated to 1424 pg/mL. Ultrasonography and the computed tomography revealed a parathyroid cyst on the left thyroid lower pole. Parathyroid scintigraphy detected a parathyroid adenoma. A radiograph showed a subperiosteal bone resorption on the phalanges, and a brown tumor (osteitis fibrosa cystica) on the femur shaft was noted. A surgical excision of the parathyroid adenoma was performed. The PTH level in the cystic fluid was increased. A histological examination confirmed a cystic parathyroid adenoma. The PTH level was normalized after the operation (J Kor SOC Endocrinol 18:214-220, 2003).

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

도료가열기의 설계 및 성능시험에 관한 연구

윤영환 國立 昌原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1993 産技硏論文集 Vol.7 No.-

Prototype of an electric paint heater is manufactured in order to obtain the design data for localization of the product. The paint is heated from encased electric coil through heating oil. theoretical calculations of heat exchanger rating are compared with experimental results. Performance curves of the paint heater are also presented after the rating computation. Extensive overall heat transfer coefficient, ρ*UiF*Cp where F is correction factor, is found to be 0.38*10^-4 for most operation ranges. This value is almost constant because paint flow in the tube is laminar. Finally, performance testing of automatic temperature control shows us that it function better as the flow rate is in creased from 533 to 1070 ml/min

확대관의 형상에 따른 원관내의 유속분포에 관한 연구

윤영환,심인보 國立 昌原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1998 産技硏論文集 Vol.12 No.-

An expanded pipe is an important device in designing energy system such as combustion chamber, heat exchanger and turbulence generator. In this study, mean velocity distribution and turbulent, fluctuation component of u' in the expanded pipe of which diffuser angles are ½θ=90。, 60。, 30。 and 15。 from 16㎜φ pipe to 32㎜φ pipe are measured by LDV system. Reynolds number of the experiments are from 8,000 to 60,000 approximately based on diameter and mean velocity of the large pipe. From the experiments, velocity profile at 150mm downstream from the diffuser become closer to fully developed velocity profile as Reynolds number becomes greater and the diffuser angle becomes smaller. However, turbulent fluctuation components of u' were almost uniform or homogeneous at the same location across cross section of the pipe for almost measuring condition. Therefore, these experimental data could be utilized in design of turbulence generator with parameters of velocity. angle of the diffuser and distance from the diffuser. Furthermore, velocity profiles and turbulent fluctuation components at 50㎜ upstream from the diffuser are also measured in order to use these data as inlet condition in numerical computation for comparison between experimental and computational data in an expanded pipe.

마이크로 프로세서에 의한 自己制御형 永久磁石 同期 電動機의 驅動 및 運轉 特性의 改善

윤병도,김윤호,김일환,이용석 중앙대학교 기술과학연구소 1989 기술과학연구소 논문집 Vol.19 No.-

전력 전자 공학의 발달에 의해 영구자석 동기전동기의 운전 분야가 대단히 진보되고 있음이 최근 논문을 통해서 보고 되고 있다. 영구자석 동기전동기는 크기와 중량의 감소로 인한 장점, 회전자의 동손이 없으므로 효율이 높다는 장점이 있어 각종 분야의 응용에 유리하다. 본 연구는 마이크로프로세서와 전압원 인버터를 사용한 자기제어형 영구자석 동기전동기의 구동장치를 제안한다. 영구자석 동기전동기의 운전은 고정자 전류와 역기전력을 동기화 시킴으로서 가능하게 한다. 고 분해능의 인크리멘탈 엔코더를 사용하여 영구자석 동기전동기에 적합한 자기제어형 PWM. 인버터 설계를 가능하게 하였다. 저속 영역에서 토오크 리플을 감소 시키기 위해 펄스 수를 제어하였으며 운전중 최적 부하각의 제어는 토오크-속도 특성을 개선시킴을 검토 하였다. Recent research has indicated that the permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM) drives are considerably improved by the development of power electronics. The PMSMs are favoured in many applications as there are advantages in size and weight reduction, and in efficiency due to elimination of the field copper losses. This paper presents a Self-Controlled PMSM, fed by voltage suource inverter based on the microprocessor. The proper operation of the PMSM can be ensured only if the stator current is always synchronized with is Back-EMF. The use of incremantal encoder with high resolution makes it possible to design a Self-Controlled PWM inverter for a PMSM. The pulse ratios are controlled to reduce the torque ripple in the low-speed drive region. In addition, torque-speed characteristics are improved by the control of optimal load angle.

소득작물 전후작지 적응 극단기성 벼 ‘중모 1032’

손영보,이종희,조준현,이지윤,오성환,송유천,박동수,박노봉,김상열,여운상,남민희,권영업 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.2

테니스 포핸드시 밀어치기와 때려치기 타법의 운동학적 분석

윤양진,정미라,서국웅,이훈식,황명숙,강영택,윤길환 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1999 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

This study consists in clarifying the meaning of various angles and velocity, and two types of the stroke of a pushing shot and hitting shot through the three-dimensional image analyses among the factors of exercise. To attain the purpose of such studies, the result of experiment and analysis for each of three athletes of boys and girls in high school and three persons in general came to the conclusion as follows; 1. The last motion of a group of A having a command of a follow shot showed greatly, compared with two groups of B and C, and this showed that a group of A took a rectilinear motion greatly to gain power and two group of B and C took a rotary motion greatly to gain speed. 2. A group of A having a command of a pushing shot move body weight forward from behind and give the first consideration to a rectilinear motion, and two groups of B and C having a command of the stroke of hitting shot used the turning of the shoulder and the waist and gave much weight to a rotary motion than a rectilinear one. 3. The position of the hitting point of a group of A having a command of a pushing shot turned out to be the waist, and that of the hitting point of two groups of B and C, the chest, and namely this showed that the position of the hitting point was decided according to the form of the stroke and pictures of various kinds. 4. In impacting, the speed decreased, for the power was controled to keep an accurate timing of stroke just before impacting

음식물 소멸기용 냉각제습 열교환기의 개발

윤영환 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2003 공업기술연구 Vol.3 No.-

In order to ferment the food wastes, air with proper temperature and humidity may be supplied. The air passed the moist wastes becomes highly humid air. Then the air should be dehumidified to recirculate into the system. In this paper, a simple double-pipe heat exchanger, in which moist air and refrigerant flow into inner and outer pipes respectively, is tested to dehumidify the moist air. From the experiments, it is found that dehumidification efficiency is 88.9% to 77.9% and overall heat transfer coefficient between moist air and refrigerant is 321.6 to 1091.9W/m2℃ as mass flow rate of air is increased.

열대 지역에서 통일형 초다수성 벼 품종의 생육 및 수량성 비교

이지윤,준현,성환,손영보,송유천,한상익,박동수,권영업,이철원,이종희 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.2