중국 청대 劉熙載『書槪』의 서예미학사상 체계 연구

金熙政(Kim Hee-jeong) 역사실학회 2010 역사와실학 Vol.41 No.-

The paper has been conducted to understand Hee-jae Yu's ideas for the beauty of calligraphy in 『Seo-gae』. Hee-jae Yu(1813~1881) was a government officer, an educator and a calligrapher in the end of Ching dynasty when Western culture was introduced in earnest. 『Seo-gae』 is consisted of 246 short compositions with the history of calligraphy, reviews on works and authors, and discussions on the ideas of creativity. It also explains the system on the beauty of calligraphy very accurately. The system on the beauty of calligraphy in 『Seo-gae』 is divided by four categories which are 'Yib-sang-jin-eui' for the principle of esthetics, 'Gwan-mul · Gwan-ah' and 'Yeo-cheon-wee-do · Yeo-go-wee-do' for the principles and methods of learning, and 'Jo-ho-ja-yeon' for the principle of creativity. The ideas for the beauty of calligraphy by Hee-jae Yu that the study has understood are summarized as follows. First, what Hee-jae Yu tried to explain the beauty of calligraphy through 'Yib-sang-jin-eui' was that the essence of calligraphy is creating the art of subjectivity which expresses the mind of an author. Second, Hee-jae Yu's ideas in 'Gwan-mul · Gwan-ah' have been developed from the thoughts of Ong, Chae · Gwa-jeong, Son · Hoi-gwan, Chang and Yang-bing, Lee on the relations between calligraphy and the nature. Here, the derive of "I" was emphasized even more by Hee-jae Yu. Third, it is considered that 'Jo-eoh nature' and 'Jo-ho nature' both signify the nature with artificiality which a main interest of 'I' is additionally involved. The nature with artificiality in this idea is distinguished from the original nature. Fourth, the terms, 'Yeo-cheon-wee-do' and 'Yeo-go-wee-do' emphasize each of 'Sa-beob nature' and 'newly revising the old laws'. Any works of calligraphy are created by mixing both of the ideas into a personality of an author and the spirit of the times. Hee-jae Yu underlined not only the justice which is an independent sense of creativity, but also the neutralized view of beauty that pursues 'Ui-beob-sang-seong'. Such idea of his is shown in the composition on thoughts in one's mind where the ideas for the beauty of calligraphy is generally dealt with. Since Hee-jae Yu, a government officer and an educator who placed high value on Confucianism, lived in the era which mourned for corruption of the dynasty and experienced spirits of the people at the same time, he was able to fully comprehend that calligraphy was 'the art of subjectivity' that expresses individuals' feelings, and the existence of deep-rooted neutralized thoughts in Chinese culture.

Capsicum chinense, 재래종 및 저항성 고추 유전자원에서 역병 저항성 계통 선발

김정훈,여승호,김동우,배수연,한정혜,황희숙,김병수 慶北大學校農業科學技術硏究所 2002 慶北大農學誌 Vol.20 No.-

2000년도에 검정에서 역병에 살아남은 개체들로부터 채종하여 육성한 Capsicum chinense 31계통에 대하여 역병 저항성을 검정한 결과 고도의 저항성을 나타내는 것은 발견되지 않았다. 2001년도의 검정에서 역병에 살아남은 개체로부터 채종한 재래종 26계통에 대하여 다시 역병 저항성 검정을 실시한 결과 KC180, KC230, KC195, KC194에서 다수의 개체가 살아남아 저항성을 나타내었다. 그러나 KC180과 KC230은 각각 AC2258과 CM334와 혼종된 것으로 관찰되었다. KC195와 KC194는 재래종의 형질을 유지하고 있는 것으로 관찰되었다. CM334의 보존 증식과정에 자연교잡이 일어난 것으로 보여 이의 순도향상을 위하여 채종년도별로 시료를 꺼내어 역병저항성 검정을 실시한 결과 가장 오래된 1992년도 채종종자에서부터 약간의 이형주가 관찰도기 시작하여 1995년부터 2001년도까지 시간이 경과함에 따라 많이 변형되어 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 1992년도 종자에서 이형주를 제거하고 원형의 개체로부터 자식종자를 대량으로 채종하였다. 함께 공시한 AC2258은 순수한 것으로 확인되었다. 1995년도 채종 CM334 종자에서는 비록 혼종은 되었으나 측지발생이 적은 개체들이 발견되어 이들을 개체 선발하여 역병에 저항성이며 측지발생이 적은 계통으로 육성하고 있다. A total of 31 c. chinense lines selected from 2000 screening were tested again for resistance to P. capsici but resistance was not found in the lines. A total of 26 selections from Korean land races tested 2001 spring were tested again for resistance to P. capsici. KC180, KC230, KC195 and KC194 showed moderate resistance to P. capsici. However, it was apparent on the basis of hortivultural characteristics that KC180 and KC230 had been naturally crossed with AC2258 and CM334, respectively. CM334 and AC2248 seed lots that were increased in different years were taken out and tested for resistance to improve their genetic purity because the resistant genetic resources have been showing some off-types in the population. Off-types began to be found in 1992 seed lots and the proportion and degree of the offs was increasing with time up to 2001. Plants true to the type in 1992 seed lots were selected and their inbred seeds were mass produced in a net cage in the greenhouse. AC2258 included in the experiment number of lateral branching at cotyledonary axil, although they were off from the original in the experiment together was uniform. In 1995 seed lost of CM334, plants with resistance to P. capsici and low or no number of lateral branching at cotyledonary axil, although they were off from the original CM334, were found and selection was applied to breed lines fixed in the characters.

분변토를 이용한 VOCs 흡착에 관한 기초연구

김재홍,손희정,김장호,김수생,서정민 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 硏究報告 Vol.20 No.2

This study was carried out two point view that reuse of sludge and adsorption of benzene, toluene and o-xylene of VOCs in cast, carbonized cast and activated carbon. The cation exchange capacity of cast and carbonized cast were 59.2, 112 meq/l00g, respectively. The specific surface were 560, 800 ㎡/g, respectively. The average removal rates of benzene by 50g cast of 50% hydrous cast, anhydrous cast, carbonized cast, activated carbon were 15.0, 41.2, 88.2, 99.4% in 60min retention time. The average removal rates of toluene by 50g cast of 50% hydrous cast, anhydrous cast, carbonized cast, activated carbon were 12.5, 34.2, 88.2, 99.5% in 60min retention time. The average removal rates of o-xylene 50g cast of 50% hydrous cast, anhydrous cast, carbonized cast, activated carbon were 8.8, 28.5, 84.8, 98.1% in 60min retention time. The adsorption efficiency of test absorbent was in order of benzene > toluene > o-xylene.

수지상세포의 방사선 저항성에 대한 연구

김은실,김종순,이명호,범희승,민정준,정환정,김성민,허영준,송호천,이제중 대한핵의학회 2003 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.37 No.3

목적 : 림프구와 비교되는 수지상 세포의 방사선 민감성을 보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 말초혈액에서 분리한 T 림프구에 0 Gy, 10 Gy, 30 Gy의 방사선을 조사하고 4시간 후에 유세포 분석기를 이용하여 선량별 세포고사 빈도를 관찰하였다. 또한 조혈모세포에서 미성숙 및 성숙 수지상 세포를 단계적으로 분리 배양하여 각각 0 Gy, 10 Gy, 30 Gy, 100 Gy의 방사선을 조사하고 4시간, 24시간 그리고 48 시간 후에 선량별 세포고사 빈도를 관찰하였다. 사이토스핀(cytospin)슬라이드에 림프구와 미성숙 및 성숙 수지상세포를 3×104개 씩 분주하고 May Grunwald-Giemsa 염색한 후, 광학 현미경 하에서 각각의 세포군 당 100개의 세포에서 세포 면적당 핵의 면적 비를 측정하였다. 결과 : 림프구에서는 방사선조사 선량별로 세포고사 빈도가 유의하게 증가하였으나, 수지상 세포에서는 그 분화정도나 방사선조사 선량에 따른 세포고사의 빈도차이가 없었다. 또한 수지상 세포는 방사선선량과 관계없이 용량에 의존적으로 강력한 T-세포 자극능을 보였다. 림프구의 세포에 대한 핵의 면적 비는 미성숙 및 성숙 수지상세포의 세포에 대한 핵의 면적 비보다 현저히 큰 반면, 두 가지 수지상세포간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론 : 수지상세포는 그 분화도와 상관없이 림프구에 비하여 방사선 저항성을 나타내었고, 이는 세포의 형태적 차이에 따른 표적의 크기와 관련이 있을 것으로 생각되며, 향후 분자 생물학적인 연구의 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Purpose : To evaluate radiation sensitivity of dendritic cells in comparison with lymphocytes. Materials and methods : T lymphocytes captured from peripheral blood were irradiated by 0 Gy, 10 Gy, 30Gy. Apoptosis was measured by flowcytometry for staining of Annexin V 4 hours after irradiation. Immature and mature dendritic cells processed from blood hematopoietic stern cell were irradiated by 0 Gy, 10 Gy, 30 Gy, 100 Gy respectively and apoptosis was measured by flowcytometry with time difference as 4h, 24h and 48h after irradiation. Morphometric analysis by percent nucleus was measured in three cell groups, also. Results : Lymphocytes showed radiation sensitivity by increasing apoptotic fraction according to radiation dose. However, both mature and immature dendritic cells showed consistent fraction of apoptosis in spite of increasing radiation dose. Percent nucleus ratio is significantly higher in lymphocytes than that of mature or immature dendritic cells. Stimulation of T-cell by dendritic cells was not changed after irradiation. Conclusion : Dendritic cells showed radioresistance which was associated with small size of nucleus in comparison with lymphocytes and this result would be used as a basal data of radio-labelling for the cellular trafficking studies in nuclear medicine fields.

오리엔탈나리의 球根 收穫時期와 低溫處理 期間이 生育에 미치는 影響

金熙峻,金正萬,金致善,柳汀,崔泳根,文炳永 한국화훼연구회 2001 화훼연구 Vol.9 No.1

This study was carried out to determine the effect of the duration of chilling treatment and the lifting time of bulbs on growth of Lilium Oriental hybrids for product of cut flower in the type of forcing or semiforcing culture in Korea. "Casablanca", "Acapulco" and "Le Reve" in lilium Oriental hybrids were used in these experiment and carried out from 1999 to 2000 in Iksan, Korea. The bulbs for experiment were lifted on August 27, September 27 and October 27 and the all of them were chilled at 5±1℃ for 0,8,10,12 weeks. Development of the bulbs lifted on October 27 was superior than that of lifted bulbs on August 27 in the three cultivars. The bulbs lilted lately and chilled for a long time were sprouted more earlier and grown faster. In order to increase bulb sprouting until 100%, the duration of chilling treatment of bulbs was need for 12 weeks on August 27, 10 weeks on September 27 and above 8 weeks on October 27. The flowering according to the duration of chilling treatment and the lifting time of bulbs was same above. Consequently, the bulbs should be chilled at 5±1℃ for chilled for 10 weeks at late September and 8 weeks in producted bulbs at late October in earlyㆍMidseason variety fur product of cut flower hut bulbs of late variety should be chilled for 12 weeks at late September and 10 weeks at late October.

조혈모세포이식 환자의 삶의 질에 대한 연구 : 화학요법 환자 및 정상인과의 비교

김병수,서재홍,최철원,김열홍,김준석,김정아,손상균,김재석,이경희,이제중,정익주,곽재용,안진석,이정애,박영석 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1999 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.4 No.1

연구배경: 조혈모세포이식후 신체 및 정신적 장애의 정도가 얼마나 환자의 '삶의 질(QOL)'에 영향을 미치는지에 대하여 외국에서는 연구들이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그러나 우리나라에서는 조혈모세포이식이 비교적 활발히 시술되고 있음에도 불구하고 이에 대한 연구가 미미한 실정이었다. 연구자 등은 우리 나라에서 조혈모세포이식을 받은 환자들의 QOL은 어떤지를 알아보고자 하는 목적으로 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 본 연구에 참여한 각 기관에서 조혈모세포이식을 받고 주된 치료가 끝난 후 1999년 2월 시점에서 최소 3개월이 지나고 관해상태에서 일상생활을 영위하고 있는 재생불량성 빈혈과 급성 및 만성 백혈병 환자들을 각각 자가 및 동종 조혈모세포이식을 시행받은 조혈모세포이식군(1군)과 항림프구 글로불린, 공고요법 등으로 치료를 끝낸 화학요법군(2군)으로 분류하고 연구자 병원에 내원한 건강한 환자 보호자들로 이루어진 정상대조군(3군)을 선정하여 각각의 QOL을 비교, 분석하였다. QOL의 측정은 EORTC QLQ-C30 문항을 우리나라의 실정에 맞게 번역하여 사용하였다. 결과: 조혈모세포이식군(1군)은 53명, 화학요법군(2군)은 57명, 정상대조군(3군)은 55명 이었고, 성별, 나이, 질환별 분포, 검사시점 등에서의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 각 군간의 QLQ-C30 평균 점수를 비교한 결과, 전반적인 삶의 질에서는 1군이 73.5, 2군이 51.7, 3군이 79.3으로 2군이 1.3군보다 낮았고 역할 및 사회기능은 각각 1군이 64.3/68.9, 2군이 57.6/70.3, 3군이 85.2/85.5로 1,2군이 3군에 비하여 낮았다.(P<0.01). 또한, 오심/구토가 1군은 8.7, 2군은 4.5, 3군은 3.2로 1군이 2, 3군보다 높았으며 통증은 1군은 17.0, 2군은 19.2, 3군은 9.6으로 1,2군이 3군에 비하여 높았다(p〈0.01). 기타 신체, 감정, 인식기능 및 피로에서는 각군간에 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 결론: 본 연구에 참여한 조혈모세포이식환자들의 전반적인 삶의 질은 화학요법을 받은 환자들보다 우월하면서 정상인들과 유사하였으나 역할기능 및 사회기증, 통증에서는 화학요법 환자들처럼 정상인들에 비하여 열악하였고 오심/구토는 화학요법 환자들 및 정상인에 비하여 심한 양상을 보였다. 그러므로 본 연구를 바탕으로 하여 국내 실정에 맞는 QOL 측정 방법을 개발하고 조혈모세포이식을 시행받는 환자들의 삶의 질에 관한 연구들이 향후 계속 진행되어야 하리라고 생각된다. Background: It is very important to endow patient with satisactory quality of life (QOL). However, little is known about QOL after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in Korea. In this study we tried to measure QOL in the patients treated with HSCT and compare QOL scores with those of patients treated with usual chemotherapy and normal populations. Methods: The QOL evaluation was performed with EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaires interpreted to Korean language. The study populations were consisted with 53 patients treated with HSCT (Group 1), 55 patients treated with usual chemotherapy (Group 2), and 55 normal populations (Group 3). The QLQ-30 scores of each group were evaluated and compaired with x² test. Results: Global quality of in group 1, 3 (score: 73.5, 79.3, respectively) were higher than that (score: 51.7) of group 2. Role and social function were lower in group 1, 2 (score: 64.3/68.9, 57.6/70.3, respectively) than those (score: 85.2/85.5) of group 3. The degree of nausea and vomiting was more severe in group 1 (score: 8.7) than those of group 2, 3 (score: 4.5, 3.2 respectively). Pain scores of group 1, 2 (score: 17.0, 19.2, respectively) were more higher than that of group 3 (score: 9.6) In other parameters of QLQ-C30, there was no significant difference between each groups. Conclusion: Our perliminary result may suggest that HSCT is not necessarily associated with deterioration of QOL. This underlines the necessity of undertaking perospective studies using reliable and well-validate methods for measuring QOL

전자토모그래피의 정량적 분석에서 대물렌즈 조리개의 영향

김진규,이상희,권희석,정종만,정원구,이수정,주형태,김윤중 韓國電子顯微鏡學會 2008 Applied microscopy Vol.38 No.4

Electron tomography의 정량적 분석을 위해서 대물렌즈 조리개가 투과빔의 강도에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. Electron tomography에 도입되는 Beer’s law의 올바른 적용을 위해서는 투과빔은 시료의 기울기에 따른 mass thickness의 변화에 의한 효과만을 반영해야 한다. 그러므로 빔 경로상의 대물렌즈 조리개, 홀더 등에 의한 다른 효과는 제거되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 대물렌즈 조리개의 cut-off 효과를 120 kV TEM과 Quantifoil holey 카본 시료를 이용하여 상세히 평가하였다. 대물렌즈 조리개를 사용하지 않은 경우와 비교할 때, 30 μm 크기의 대물렌즈 조리개를 통과한 투과전자빔의 강도는 약 16.7%의 감소가 일어난다. 또한 55˚이상의 고경사각 기울기에서는 대물렌즈 조리개의 cut-off 효과에 의해 14.2%의 강도 감소가 추가적으로 발생함을 알 수 있었다. Electron tomography에서 정량적 분석을 위해서는 이러한 대물렌즈 조리개의 영향을 고려해야만 한다. 또한 Beer’s law의 올바른 적용을 위해서는 일련의 기울기에 따른 2차원적 영상은 가능하면 대물렌즈 조리개를 사용하지 않은 상태에서 획득하는 것이 바람직하다. We have evaluated the effects of experimental factors on transmitted electron beam intensities for quantitative analysis in electron tomography. For the correct application of Beer’s law in electron tomography, the transmitted beam intensity should reflect the net effect of mass properties on beam path. So, the any other effects of the objective aperture and the specimen holder on beam path should be removed. The cut-off effects of objective aperture were examined using Quantifoil holey carbon film and a transmission electron microscope operated at 120 kV. The transmitted beam intensities with 30 μm objective aperture dropped about 16.7% compared to electron beam intensities without the objective aperture. Also, the additional losses of about 14.2% at high tilt angles were occurred by cut-off effects of the objective apertures. For the precise quantitative analysis in electron tomography, the effect of the objective aperture on transmitted electron beam intensities should be considered. It is desirable that 2-D tilt series images are obtained without the objective aperture for correct application of Bee’s law.

유명산의 식물상 및 산림군락분류에 관한 연구

김흥식,김인수,홍금희,김남영,박광서,김정유,박완근 江原大學校 森林科學硏究所 2003 Journal of Forest Science Vol.19 No.-

2002년 3월부터 2003년 10월까지 유명산 자연휴양림을 대상으로 식물상과 산림군락구조를 조사한 결과, 관속식물이 98과 331속 570종 1아종 81변종 4품종 2교잡종으로 총 658종류로 나타났으며, 한국특산식물은 10과 14속 13종 2변종 1교잡종 총 16종류. 희귀 및 멸종위기식물은 9과 10속 11종 총 11종류, 귀화식물은 12과 22속 28종 총 28종류로 나타났다. 산림군락은 신갈나무-철쭉군목, 신갈나무-생강나무군단, 소나무-산거울군락, 잣나무-주름조개풀군락, 물푸레나무-신갈나무군락, 층층나무-신갈나무군락, 굴참나무-신갈나무군락, 싸리-신갈나무군락으로 전체 1군목, 1군단, 6군락이 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. The study was carried out to investigate the flora and community classification of forest vegetation in Mt. Yumyeong from March, 2002 to October, 2003. As a result of that, the vascular plants were 98 families, 331 genera, 570 species. 1 subspecies, 81 varieties, 4 formae, 2 hybrid, 658 taxa in all. Korean endemic plants were 10 families, 14 genera, 13 species, 2 variaties, 1 hybrid. 16 taxa in all ;, rare and endangered plants were 9 families, 10 genera. 11 species, 11 taxa in all ; naturalized plants were 12 families, 22 genera, 28 species, 28 taxa in all. The forest vegetation was classified into 1 order, 1 alliance. 6 communities : Rhododendro - Quercetalia mongolicae (Kim, 1990) Lindero - Quercion mongolicae (Kim, 1990) A. Carex humilis var. nana - Pinus densiflora Community B. Oplismenus undulatifolius - Pinus koraiensis Community C. Fraxinius rhynchophylla - Quercus mongolica Community D. Cornus controversa - Quercus mongolica Community E. Quercus variabilis - Quercus mongolica Community F. Lespedeza bicolor - Quercus mongolica Community

신경섬유종증-제 2형의 진단과 치료 : 16례의 임상경험 Experience of 16 Cases

김정은,백선하,김종수,이상형,오창완,김동규,정희원,김현집,조병규,한대희,최길수 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.12

Neurofibromatosis type 2(NF-2) is a dominantly inherited disorder characterized by the occurrence of bilateral acoustic neurinomas and the frequent association of other central nervous system tumors. We present a retrospective review of 16 patients with NF-2 who were treated at our hospital from 1984 to 1995 in 13 cases, the diagnoses of Nf-2 were based on the criteria developed at the Consensus Development Conference of National Institute of Health in the United States, and in another 3 cases. the criterias of NF-2 were not fully satisfied, but the diagnoses of NF-2 were highly suspected. The average age of the patients was 27.6 years, ranging from 13 years to 56 years. The most common symptom was hearing difficulty : intervals between symptom onset and deafness ranged from 8 months to 6 years(mean : 2.9 years) One family of NF-2 was documented consisting of a sister a brother and their mother. Nine patients underwent operations on unilateral acoustic neurinomas : these were subtotally removed in eight patients and totally in one patient Among these patients five were deaf on the ipsilateral side at surgery. Among the other four patients with useful hearing before surgery, hearing was preserved to preoperative status in two patients. Four patients with diagnoses of meningioma, received operations to relieve mass effect with subtotal removal in two patients and total removal in the other two. Early diagnosis and treatment are the most important in the management planning of patients with NF-2 for reasons of early manifestation and rapid progression of the disease.

두개골의 3차원 영상 분석을 위한 전산화단층촬영 방법의 비교 : 상층 두께가 3차원 영상의 계측에 미치는 영향

정호걸,김기덕,박혁,김동욱,정해조,김희중,유선국,김용욱,박창서 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2004 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.34 No.3

Purpose : To evaluate the quantitative accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) images by means of comparing distance measurements on the 3D images with direct measurements of dry human skull according to slice thickness and scanning modes. Materials and Mathods : An observer directly measured the distance of 21 line items between 12 orthodontic landmarks on the skull surface using a digital vernier caliper and each was repeated five times. The dry human skull was scanned with a Helical CT with various slice thickness (3, 5, 7 mm) and acquisition modes (Conventional and Helical). The same observer measured corresponding distance of the same items on reconstructed 3D images with the internal program of V-works 4.0 (Cybermed Inc., Seoul, Korea). The quantitative accuracy of distance measurements were statistically evaluated with Wilcoxons’ two-sample test. Results : 11 line items in Conventional 3 mm, 8 in Helical 3mm, 11 in Conventional 5 mm, 10 in Helical 5 mm, 5 in Conventional 7 mm and 9 in Helical 7 mm showed no statistically significant difference. Average difference between direct measurements and measurements on 3D CT images was within 2 mm in 19 line items of Conventional 3 mm, 20 of Helical 3 mm, 15 of Conventional 5 mm, 18 of Helical 5 mm, 11 of Conventional 7mm and 16 of Helical 7 mm. Conclusion : Considering image quality and patient’s exposure time, scanning protocol of Helical 5 mm is recommended for 3D image analysis of the skull in CT.