김치유래 젖산균의 균체지방산 분석을 이용한 분류학적 연구

이정숙,정민철,김우식,이근철,김홍중,박찬선,이헌주,주윤정,이근종,안종석,박완,박용하,민태익 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.2

표준균주를 포함한 230여개의 김치유래 젖산균에 대한 균체지방산(FAMEs)을 분석하였다. FAMEs profiles는 Euclidian Distance 17.5에 의해 7개의 Major Cluster와 1개의 Single Cluster로 나뉘어졌다. 이중 A, B, C 및 Cluster는 Leuconostoc속으로 분석되어졌고, F는 Lactobacillus속으로 분석되어졌다. 그리고 E와 G cluster는 두개의 Genus가 혼재되어 나타났으며 보충적인 연구가 필요하다. 앞으로 김치유래 젖산균의 균체지방산 분석결과를 기반으로 한 데이타베이스에 95가지 탄소원을 이용하는 수치분류학적 접근방법 및 Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry 등의 화학적 분석 방법과 분자친화적 연구를 통한 종합적 분류정보 체계가 갖추어지면 젖산균의 신속, 정확한 동정 및 연구에 활발히 이용되어질 것이다. Two hundreds and thirty lactic acid bacteria, mostly isolated from Kimchi, including type strains were sued for analysis of cellular fatty acids. The 230 test strains were recoverd in 7 major and 1 single clusters defined a Euclidian distance of 17.5. These aggregate taxa were equivalent to the genus Leuconostoc (aggregate group A, B, C and D), and the genera Leuconostoc and Lactobacillus (aggregate group G). It is concluded as evident that FAMEs (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters) profile of cell can be used as a criterion in classification of lactic acid bacterial from kimchi. Additional comparative taxonomic studies need to be carried out on well chosen representative strains to determine the most appropriate methods of value.

역행성 골수강내 금속정을 이용한 원위 대퇴골 간부 및 과상부 골절의 치료

이상홍,이준영,하상호,손홍문,이광철 대한골절학회 2004 대한골절학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Fluoxetine이 Schedule-Induced Polydipsia가 유발된 백서 뇌에서 Tyrosine Hydroxylase 발현에 미치는 영향

이기철,이정호,최영민,정주호,정홍경,이용민,김도형,이대환 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.2

연구목적: Fluoxetine은 serotonin을 매개하여 간접적으로 dopamine 신경전달기능을 억제한다고 추정되고 있다. 또한 운동장애에서 운동기능의 악화를 유발한다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 신경세포체에서 fluoxetine이 dopamine에 어떠한 영향을 주는지는 아직까지 확실치 않다. 저자들은 schedule-induced polydipsia를 유발시킨 백서 뇌의 흑질, 복부피개영역, 미상핵에서 tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) 발현이 저하됨을 발견하였다. 이를 통해서 fluoxetine이 백서 뇌의 dopamine 기능에 긍정적인지 혹은 부정적인지를 규명하고자 하였다. 방법: 4주간의 schedule-induced polydipsia 과정을 거친 백서에서 면역죄치화학적인 방법으로 흑질, 복부피개영역, 미상핵의 tyrosine hydroxylase 발현이 저하됨을 확인한 후, 실험동물들에게 fluoxetine 10mg/kg를 3주간 복강내 주사하였다. 실험백서들을 희생시켜 뇌 조직을 적출하여, TH 면역조직화학 염색법을 이용하여 흑질, 복부피개영역, 그리고 미상핵의 TH 면역반응세포를 관찰하고 이를 정상백서와 비교하였다. 결과: 1) 다갈증이 유발된 백서의 흑질, 복부피개영역, 미상핵에서 tyrosine hydroxylase 발현이 정상백서 보다 저하됨을 관찰하였다. 2) 3주간에 걸친 fluoxetine 투여후 흑질, 복부피개영역, 미상핵의 tyrosin hydroxylase 발현이 다시 증가하는 소견을 보였다. 결론: Fluoxetine 만성투여가 흑질, 복부피개영역 그리고 미상핵의 tyrosin hydroxylase를 증가시키는 소견을 얻었다. 이러한 결과는 임상에서 dopamine 결핍과 연관된 질환들에서 fluoxetine을 만성투여하면 운동기능을 포함한 증상들의 개선을 가져올 수도 있다고 추정된다. Objective: It has been suggested that fluoxetine inhibits the dopaminergic neurotransmission by serotonergic mediation. And also, it has been shown to inhibit synthesis of DOPA in dopamine-rich areas of the rat forebrain. These dopamine-antagonistic capacity of fluoxetine is only supported by anecdotal report that the increased amount of motor disability in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease after exposure to fluoxetine. However, there is still no evidence of the direct effect of fluoxetine on dopaminergic neuronal cell body in the substantia nigra, VTA, caudate & putamen. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of fluoxetine in rat brain which showed decreased numbers of dopaminergic neuronal cell body induced by schedule-induced polydipsia(SIP). Method: We incidentally found that 4 weeks of schedule-induced polydipsic rats revealed the suppression of tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the substantia nigra, VTA, caudate & putamen with the immunohistochemistric measures. After 3 weeks of intraperitoneal injection of 10mg/kg of fluoxetine to the schedule induced polydipsic rats, the tyrosine hydroxylase expression was also measured with immunohistochemistry. We compared the tyrosine hydroxylase expression among the normal control, the polydipsic rats, and the rats with fluoxetine treatment. Results: 1) By contrast with the control, the polydipsic rats revealed the evidence of decreased tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the substantia nigra, VTA, caudate & putamen. 2)After daily injection of fluoxetine for 3 weeks, the polydipsic rats showed increment of tyrosine hydroxyase expression in those areas. Conclusions: In previous studies, a great deal of results suggest that fluoxetine negatively influence the dopaminergic systems indirectly via serotonergic activation such as inhibition of dopamine synthesis or transport system. Although our results are obtained from rodents, we suggest that fluoxetine directly and positively enhance the dopamine system in the substantia nigra, VTA, caudate & putamen. The chronic adminstration of fluoxetine may be helpful to dopamine-depleted condition in clinical situations. We anticipate the replication studies of our findings and well-controlled clinical trial.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

에탄올을 장기간 섭취한 백서에서 Acamprosate 투여가 Nitric Oxide Synthase 발현에 미치는 영향

정홍경,이기철,이정호,이승휘,이희제,정주호 대한생물치료정신의학회 2002 생물치료정신의학 Vol.8 No.1

에탄올이 백서의 해마에서 Neuropeptide Y 발현에 미치는 영향

정홍경,이기철,이정호,이희제,정주호,이주영 대한생물치료정신의학회 2002 생물치료정신의학 Vol.8 No.1

지방 국립대학의 우수학생 유치방안에 관한 연구 : 부산대학교를 중심으로

이원호,안창규,정영홍,황해익,주철안 釜山大學校 敎育硏究所 1992 敎育硏究 Vol.2 No.1

Korean universities have developed rapidly since its liberation from hapanese rule in 1945. Korean higher education system has contributed to the socio-economic development of the country. However, Korean higher educational system has some problems. One of the problems is its unbalanced development of higher educational institutions between the capital city and other cities. Koreans traditionally regarded highly colleges and universities in the capital city. The government including private foundations have invested large resources in building colleges and universities in cities and providences had been neglected. However, colleges and universities play crucial role in the local, regional development of the country. It is important to raise academic quality of the colleges and universities in non-capital cities. The quality of colleges and universities depended primarily on faculty, finance, etc. Therefore, it is an imperative condition to recruit academically excellent students for the development of colleges and universities in non-capital cities. Three research questions have guided the research. 1) How the college entrants' academic performance has changed. 2) What colleges and universities have utilized admission policy to recruit excellent students. The research has found out the following results. 1) The academic performances of college entrants in non-capital city were lowered in the 1980s. 2) Colleges and universities have emphasized the academic excellence, which is primarily related to research and academic activities of the faculty. 3) High school students and teachers in Pusan city give local university lower rate than what it is The findings suggest that local college and university make sustained, ststematic efforts in order to develop its status among the institutions. The efforts should include short-term and long-term policies : 1) Marketing activities about scholarship programs, graduates' career prospects, facilities, and the faculty etc. 2) Hiring excellent faculty members 3) Strengthening graduates' gaining job 4) furnishing required facilities and making attractive campus 5) Upgrading the quality of academic and research activities

米穀生産費의 投入要素變化에 關한 硏究

李鐘元,金洪哲 동국대학교 지역발전연구소 1995 地域開發硏究 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

Theories of agricultural development imply that resource endowments exert a strong influence on the change of technology in agriculture. Technology in agriculture is generally expressed in terms of combinative ratio of labour, land, and capital in production. In spite of large number of off-farm migration experienced through the recent economic development process, technological innovations in rice production have not been successfully performed due to many prevailing restrictions such as size of farm land and capital shortage of individual farms. This study aimed to find factors relating to changes in the component of cost of rice production based on the statistical cost data, and to obtain implications of these changes for technological and institutional innovations. Recently in rice production to overcome farm labour shortage, farm mechanization in the various form of cropper operation is being practiced in many areas. The results revealed in the analysis are summarized as follows: 1) In the cost of rice production of 1993, the proportion of farm machinery cost was 14.5% and that of 1 abour cost was as high as 29.1%. As the proportion of cost of farm land calculated in terms of opport unity cost was accounted as high as 39.4%, expansion of farm size by purchasing farm land seems to be highly restricted. 2) Labour hour input for rice production in 1993 was decreased as much as 42% compared to 1965. The proportion of family labour was increased to 88% in 1993 as compared to 78.5% in 1965. The proportion of female labour input is almost getting close to that of male labour in 1993. 3) In order to increase labour productivity under such situation where additional acquisition of land purchasing is being restricted, some innovations such as custom hired operation or contracted fee operation by croppers in entrepreneur system of operation need to be considered for policy context. Policy support for stabilizing their revenue needs to maintain adequate number of large scale operating croppers in the major rice producing areas.

트레드밀 運動負荷後 恢復時 靜的 및 動的인 休息方法에 의한 恢復率 比較

李喆熙,金相洪,李淳川,李源才 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1991 科學論集 Vol.17 No.-

This study was performed to compare recovery rate with the passive and the active recovery methods during the first and the second recovery periods after the first and the second treadmill running. Forteen female subjects aged between 13 and 14 years were divided into passive recovery and active recovery groups. Running exercise was performed on the treadmill at 3.5mph speed with incremental increase of 2% grade per 1 minute until attaining their target heart rate. Heart tare, blood pressure(systolic and diastolic pressure), respiratory rate, and blood lactic acid concentrations were measured at resting state and 1min, 3min, 5min, 7min, and 10min during the first and the second recovery periods. Especially, heart rate and respiratory rate were measured at the starting and termination time of the first and the second exercise. The results are summarized as follows. Heart rate at the starting of the first exercise was significantly higher than that of the resting value. Two groups were higher than the resting state until 10minutes of the first recovery periods, but there were no difference between the two. The starting and termination of exercise in the second exercise also was significantly higher than resting state ; especially the active recovery group in the first starting exercise was significantly higher than passive recovery group. The active recovery group was shown the higher heart rate than that of passive recovery group at recovery period of 5minutes and 10 minutes. Systolic blood pressure was higher than resting values until recovery periods of 5minutes after the first treadmill exercise. The level of systolic blood pressure was restored to the resting state after recovery period of 7minutes until the recovery period of 3minutes. It was restored to the resting state after the second exercise. The active recovery group in the first and the second exercise recovery was restored to the resting level after recovery period of 10minutes. The active recovery group at the recovery period of the first and the second exercise was significantly higher than the passive recovery group. Diastolic blood pressure was showed no significant difference between the two groups during the first and the second recovery period. Respiratory rate in two groups were increased to the above resting level. The passive recovery group was significantly higher than the active recovery group. It was returned to the resting level by 3minutes during the first and the second recovery period. Hematocrit in the passive recovery group was lower by 10minutes than that of active recovery group during the first and the second recovery period during the first and the second recovery period. The active recovery group was no significant difference throughout the recovery period. The blood lactic acid concentrations in the two groups were significantly higher than those of resting values during the first recovery periods. The two groups were restored to the resting level by recovery period of 10minutes, but were higher than resting values by recovery periods of 1minute. As a results, the active recovery group was somewhat higher than the passive recovery group. This indicate that recovery rate in the active recovery group was higher than that of the passive recovery group.

Cd 페라이트의 열적성질에 대한 Mossbauer 효과 연구

홍치유,백승도,이철세 동국대학교 자연과학연구소 1992 자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.12 No.-

이 논문에서는 100-900K의 온도영역에서 CdFe?O?의 Mossbauer 효과를 조사하였다. CdFe?O?의 이성질체 이동치는 온도의 증가에 따라 감소하며, 온도계수는 -5.789×10?㎜/sec·K이다. 사중극자 분열치는 온도에 따른 뚜렷한 변화가 없으며, 흡수선폭은 온도증가에 따라 증가하고, 공명흡수 면적의 온도 의존성을 이용하여 구한 CdFe?O?의 Debye dhsehss 515L이다. Mossbauer effect study is made on CdFe?O? in the temperature range from 100K up to 900K. The isomer shift of the CdFe?O? decrease with the temperature coefficient -5.789×10?㎜/sec·K as the increasing temperature, but we have observed no variation of quadrupole splitting with temperature. The average line width increase slowly with increasing temperature. The Debye temperature of the CdFe?O? calculated by the temperature dependence of the absorption area is 515K.