정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

녹색성장 정책의 변화와 법제적 과제

이광윤 ( Kwang Youn Lee ) 경상대학교 법학연구소 2014 法學硏究 Vol.22 No.3

한국과 프랑스의 전 정권에서 녹색성장정책은 핵심 국정과제였다. 한국에서 이명박 정부는 녹색기술과 녹색산업의 창출, 녹색건축물 및 녹색생활의 정착 등 저탄소 녹색성장을 효율적·체계적으로 추진하기 위하여 2010년 1월 13일 저탄소 녹색성장 기본법을 제정하였다. 프랑스에서도 사르코지 정부는 생산에 대한 에너지 소비와 이산화탄소를 줄일 수 있는 기술과 저탄소 활동의 개발을 핵심 정책으로 삼았다. 이를 위해 과감한 미래지향적인 “환경 그르넬”을 통하여 다양한 목표를 설정하였다. 그러나 정권이 교체되면서 양국의 녹색성장정책은 핵심정책에서 밀려나는 모습을 보였다. 박근혜 대통령은 취임 후 창조경제만을 강조할 뿐 녹색성장이란 용어를 거의 사용하지 않았다. 실제 박근혜 정부 출범 1년차에 온실가스 정책들은 속도가 떨어졌다. 물론 박근혜 정부도 ‘녹색성장 정책이 ‘MB표`` 정책이라는 이미지가 너무 강해서 전면에 내세우지 않는 것일 뿐 완전히 폐기한 것은 아니다’고 한다. 실제 이상일 의원은 2014년 정부예산 중 창조경제 사업을 분석한 결과 이 중 33%가 이명박 정부의 ‘녹색사업’을 그대로 가져온 것이라고 지적하기도 하였다. 프랑스의 올랑드 대통령도 정권 초에는 ‘일자리 창출에만 골몰하고 있고, 녹색성장에 대해서는 신경조차 쓰지 않는다.’는 비판을 받기도 하였다. 하지만 결국은 대세에 따라 2013년 9월 2차 환경회의 이후 올랑드 대통령은 에너지전환 법제의 마련이 5개년 계획에 있어 가장 핵심적인 선결과제임을 강조하였다. 이처럼 녹색성장정책은 이제 더 이상 정권의 성격에 따라서 포기할 수 있는 정책이 아니다. ‘일자리 창출’도 중요하지만 ‘지구온난화에 따른 재난의 방지’도 강조돼야 하기 때문이다. 앞으로 녹색성장정책이 지속적일 수 있도록 녹색성장에 관한 법제를 법전화하는 것도 고려해 봐야 하겠다. La declaration du President de la Republique francaise marquee par un objectif : celui de la croissance verte Cette declaration etait attendue, alors que depuis son election, Francois Hollande n’a pas donne beaucoup de signes encourageants sur le terrain du developpement durable. Cela supposait de fixer un objectif - un cap - et les principaux moyens pour y arriver. Un cap pour passer du monde d’hier a celui de demain. Le plus important, de la declaration du Chef de l’Etat : A nous de faire que la lutte contre le rechauffement climatique soit non seulement une cause planetaire, europeenne, nationale, mais le levier d’un nouveau modele de croissance a la fois intelligent, durable et solidaire. La France, et j’en prends ici l’engagement, se mobilisera dans la transition energetique. Voila le cap, la transition. Le 19 decembre 2012, Park Geun-hye remporte l`election presidentielle. La transition entre presidents sud-coreens, tous deux conservateurs, se fait dans un climat tendu, marque par de nouvelles affaires qui ecornent l`image de la future dirigeante Park Geun-hye. Son predecesseur, Lee Myung-bak, avait joue la croissance verte pour relancer le pays. Park Geun-hye parie sur la modernite. Park Geun-hye lance un plan d`economie creative, associant etroitement industrie et culture. La reticence du gouvernement place pour assurer le suivi avec le "bas-carbonne de la croissance verte" politique promu par Lee. L`approche de Park n`est pas sans precedent. il a ete presque de routine dans l`histoire de la politique coreenne pour les nouveaux dirigeants nationaux a degrader leurs predecesseurs et presente l`ordre du jour de la politique differentielle. il a souvent ete le cas. La presidente Park Geun-hye a souligne qu’il y a une necessite de changer le paradigme de notre economie d’une maniere fondamentale par une economie creative afin de surmonter la crise de la croissance sans creation d’emplois. Afin de traverser cette periode de crise, nous avons besoin d’un changement radical de paradigme. La Presidente Park Geunhye, a declare qu’ Il est possible de concretiser le projet d’une economie creative en associant les technologies scientifiques aux TIC, de meme qu’en alliant l’industrie et la culture a la creativite et l’imagination. Malgre le changement du slogan des gouvernements, les perspectives majeurs de l’administration de nouveau gouvernement de Park Geunhye, ne sont pas contradictoires a la politique de la croissance verte concernant la convergence des technologies de l’administration de Lee Myung-bak. Alors que l`administration du president Park Geunhye preconise une economie creative, il a ete revele qu`un nombre important de projets proposes lies a l`economie creative sont identiques a projets de l`economie verte mis en œuvre par le gouvernement de Lee Myung-bak. Malgre les preoccupations qu`elle a affaibli son engagement, la Coree reste determinee a combattre le rechauffement climatique en poussant a travers des projets de reduction de carbone a la maison et le renforcement de la cooperation internationale. La croissance verte doit etre mise en place avec un accent mis sur l`economie creative destinee a creer de nouveaux marches et emplois a travers des idees innovantes et la convergence (des industries)( Le Premier ministre Chung Hong-won, le 21 oct. 2013)Le slogan de Park Geunhye economie creative englobe la croissance verte, et ce sommet et le devouement de GCF sont tous des signes que la croissance verte continue d`etre un enjeu important dans le gouvernement coreen actuel. La constitution et les statuts doivent etre rationalisees pour assurer la stabilite de la mise en œuvre des politiques de croissance verte. Modifications constitutionnelles devraient etre plus souples afin de renforcer la competitivite de la Coree comme un Etat contemporain. Recherche pratique et flexible des attitudes legislatives sont necessaires. Processus de legislation doit etre plus democratique, en permettant la participation des plusieures parties, les parties prenantes et les experts.

임신부의 인플루엔자 백신 접종률 및 관련요인

김미정,이승연,이광수,김아름,손동욱,정문현,박신구,박지현,이병익,이진수 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.6

Background : During seasonal influenza epidemics and previous pandemics, pregnant women have been at increased risk for complications related to influenza infection. Although influenza vaccination has been widely recommended to pregnant women and immunocompromised hosts, the vaccination rate is presumed to be low in pregnant women. This study was aimed to evaluate the vaccination rate and factors associated with Influenza vaccination among pregnant women, who are at high risk for developing complications from the influenza. Materials and Methods : This study was carried out by telephone survey from April, 2007 to August, 2007. Women who were in their second trimester of pregnancy or above,- during October, 2006 and February, 2007, the recommended vaccination period, and had given birth at Inha University Hospital were selected as the study population. Immunization status, general understanding, and factors associated with vaccination were evaluated. Results : Among a total of 506 eligible pregnant women, 227 (44.8%) responded to the questionnaires. The influenza vaccination rate among the pregnant women was only 4% (9/227). Major reasons for not receiving vaccination were first, not awaring the necessity of immunization during pregnancy (48.5%, 110/227) and second, misunderstanding that it is prohibited during pregnancy (36.1%, 82/227). The major factors that influenced the compliance of vaccination were correct understanding and doctor's recommendation on the influenza immunization during pregnancy. Conclusions : The influenza vaccine coverage on pregnant women was very low and the awareness of influenza vaccination during pregnancy in general was inaccurate. Shift in perception is required and this can be achieved by educating the pregnant women on the safety and efficacy of vaccination. In addition, doctors' active encouragement to vaccination is highly recommended.

특수일 전력수요예측을 위한 신경회로망 시스템의 개발

윤형선,김광호,이철희 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1998 産業技術硏究 Vol.18 No.-

Conventional short-term load forecasting techniques have limitation in their use on holidays due to dissimilar load behaviors of holidays and insufficiency of pattern data. Thus, a new short-term load forecasting method for special days in anomalous load conditions is proposed in this paper. The proposed method uses two Artificial Neural Networks(ANN); one is for the estimation of load curve, and the other is for the estimation of minimum and maximum value of load. The forecasting procedure is as follows. First, the normalized load curve is estimated by ANN. At next step, minimum and maximum values of load in a special day is obtained by combining these two outputs of ANNs. The proposed method shows a good performance, and it may be effectively applied to the practical situations.

Hinman 증후군(비신경인성 신경인성 방광) 1예

이경욱,채정호,이승주,김세웅,박원명,전태연,김광수 大韓神經精神醫學會 2003 신경정신의학 Vol.42 No.3

Objectives : The Hinman Syndrome is a condition representing urinary voiding dysfunction in a neurologically intact child. This syndrome probably is an acquired behavioral and psychosocial disorders. We present a case presenting voiding dysfuntion with no neurologic etiology. Case : The departmcnt of urology consulted the department of psychiatry for a psychiatric evaluation of a 14-year-o1d girl with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections, enuresis, and urinary dribbling since early childhood. She visited the emergency room bccausc of severe abdominal pain and hematuria. She was admitted to the department of urology. Neurological tests showed no abnormality, but a retrograde cystogram showed free vesicoureteral reflux to the level of the dilated intrarenal collecting systems. Marked blunting and dilatation of the caliccs suggested longstanding urinary flow obstruction. She had a history of scparation anxiety disorder and was very competetive, perfectionistic, and nervous. She also had very poor relationships with her friends and had difficults in managing them. Afer admission, she had stent operation and cystostomy. Antidepressant and anxiolytic medications with supportive psychotherapy were administered to treat anxiety, tension and depression. Gradually, her depressive symptoms and voiding difficulties improved. Conclusions : Psychological factors such as a perfectionistic and obsessive personality, a history of severe separation anxiety, stressors from poor interpersonal relationships and Ihe failure of an entrance examination seem to have contributes to the development and exacerbation of the urinary dysfunction. Pharmacotherapy and supportive psycho-therapy may be efective in treating associated psychiatric problems of these patients with hinman syndrome.

저관성 가변 리럭턴스 전동기의 설계에 관한 연구

李奉燮,陳廣允,吳鴻錫 三陟大學校 2001 論文集 Vol.34 No.1

The variable reluctance motor(VRM) has a simple rotor construction with no winding. It also has simple concentrated windings on the stator. Thus, it is expected to be a lower cost machine to manufacture than the squirrel cage induction motor. However, to realize the more stable and higher backward and forward control, it is necessary to decrease the inertia of rotor. In this paper, the calculation of design parameter and magnetic flux density is performed to predict the locked rotor torque waveforms with rotor positions for the rotor shapes of the VRM. The locked rotor torque for VRM has been calculated using three-dimensional FEM(Flux3d).

한ㆍ미간 마케팅 정보시스템 현황에 관한 연구

이세래,진광윤 三陟大學校 2001 論文集 Vol.34 No.1

Nowadays Korea has many difficulties in computer industry because of the rapid environmental changes in Korean computer market according to the free import. To cope with those dangers and to make an effective marketing strategy, we should make use of non-skillful marketing information including price, design, after service, company's image and so on. Although the accelerated development of computer-related techniques has improved the supply of information, many marketing managers are not completely with their own information system. The purpose of this study is to analysis the contents and application degree of Marketing Information System between Korean and U.S. The concrete items I would like to study in this paper are as follows : 1.Literature review of Marketing Information System 2.Application degree of Marketing Information System in U.S. 3.Comparative analysis of Marketing Information System between Korean and U.S.

자속횡방향형 클로폴 리니어 스테핑 모터의 개발

이봉섭,진광윤,오홍석,김영흥 三陟大學校 2002 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

In this paper, the new transverse flux machine type claw pole linear stepping motor(TFM_CPLSM) is proposed. And the magnetic equivalent circuit of TFM_ CPLSM is derived by the structure of the TFM_CPLSM. The design parameter, the magnetic flux density and the static thrust force of TFM_CPLSM are Performed with three-dimensional finite element method.

부여 백제시대 가마터의 고고지구자기 연구

이윤수,서광수,서만철 공주대학교 문화재보존과학연구소 2004 문화재과학기술 Vol.3 No.1

충남 부여군 가마터에 대한 고고지자기 연구를 실시하였다. 13개의 가마 시료로부터 구한 특성잔류자화는 열화학작용에 의해서 생성된 자철석에 의해서 수행되며, 가마가 575℃이상 가열된 후 식으면서 그 당시의 지구자기장에 의해서 획득된 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이번 연구에서 구한 특성잔류자화의 그 평균편각과 평균복각은 각각 3.9˚E와 39.4˚ (a_(95)=3.2˚)로서, 한반도의 시험적 영년변화곡선에 대비하여 구한 특성잔류자화의 획득 시기는 서기 1,583년(+44년, -36년)이다. The archaeomagnetic study is examined to determine archomagnetic age of the kiln located in Buyeo area, Chungnam province. The results document that the characteristic remanent magnetization(ChRM) for 13 samples is carried by magnetite grains formed by a thermochemical activity during cooling from more than 575˚C. The Site mean direction (declination and inclination) for the ChRM is 3.9˚E and 39.4˚ (a_(95)=3.2˚). We conclude that the ChRM acquired in A.D. 1,583 (+44 yr, -36 yr), correlating the t-KPSV (tentative Korea Paleoselcular Variation) curve.

장애인근로자 유형에 따른 직무만족에 관한 연구

윤광식,이선규 금오공과대학교 산업기술개발연구원 2000 産業技術開發硏究 Vol.16 No.-

This study aims to assess suitable jobs to disabled workers according to the relationship between job satisfaction and type of disability and grade of disability. The surveys were conducted for the disabled employees in the Taegu and KyungBuk area Korea. Interest in the productivity and job satisfaction of the disabled, as a subgroup of socially alienated people, has strongly increased in modern society. Especially, congenital disability is increasing yearly at a rate higher than acquired disability. A number of people who become disabled rise by about 150,000 each year, and surprisingly 88% of the disabled were congenital. The results of this study can be used not only to increase the overall productivity of workers, but also to determine organizational strategy in terms of human resource management.