화재조사현장 호흡가스 유해물질 분석 기초연구

한동훈(Dong-Hun Han),최신웅(Sin-Woong Choi),이소연(So Yun Lee) 한국화재소방학회 2020 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.34 No.6

화재현장에서는 많은 유해물질들이 생성되어 배출된다. 실제화재현장에서 화재진압대원들은 공기호흡기를 착용하지만 그 이외의 임무(화재조사, 현장지휘 등)로 활동하는 현장대원들은 공기호흡기를 착용하지 못하는 상황이므로현장에서 다양한 유해물질에 노출되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 호흡보호가 상대적으로 힘든 화재조사현장에한하여 유해가스 7종을 다중가스검출기를 사용하여 측정·분석하였다. 현직 화재조사관 6명의 도움을 받아 실제 51곳의 조사현장에서 직접 유해가스 농도 데이터를 수집하였다. 아울러 3 곳의 재현실험 현장에서도 시간에 따른 유해가스의 농도를 측정하였다. 화재조사현장에서 측정한 유해가스 농도의 최대값이 허용한계치(Threshold limit value,TLV) 중 단시간노출한계(Short-term exposure limits, STEL)를 초과한 건수는 SO2는 8건, HCHO는 29건, NO2는 1건,HCN은 13건, CO는 2건이었다. 재현실험의 경우는 화재진화 후 1 h 30 min이 경과 되면 대부분의 유해가스 최고농도는STEL기준 이하가 되었다. 따라서 화재조사관의 경우 이에 맞는 호흡보호구를 착용하고 그에 대한 관리가 요구된다. Various types of hazardous substances are generated at fire scenes. Firefighters usually use the self-contained breathingapparatus (SCBA) during firefighting; however, SCBA is very inconvenient to use in other works (e.g., fire investigation andfire scene commands). Therefore, firefighters can be exposed to numerous chemicals. In this study, concentrations ofhazardous gases were measured by utilizing gas analyzers with seven sensors during fire investigations. Six fire investigatorsmeasured the concentrations of hazardous gases directly as they worked. This included capturing the maximum concentrationsof SO2 at seven places, HCHO at 29 places, NO2 at one place, HCN at 13 places, and CO at two places where theconcentration exceeded the short-term exposure limit (STEL). When reconstruction experiments were performed, themaximum allowable concentrations for most hazardous chemicals fell below the STEL approximately 90 min after the fireoccurrence. Therefore, we determined that fire investigators should wear proper respiratory protective equipment when working.

Clear Cell 'Sugar' Tumor of the Lung: A Well-Enhanced Mass with an Early Washout Pattern on Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography

Kim, Woong Ji,Kim, So Ri,Choe, Yeong Hun,Lee, Ka Young,Park, Seoung Ju,Lee, Heung Bum,Chung, Myoung Ja,Jin, Gong Yong,Lee, Yong Chul The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2008 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.23 No.6

<P>Clear cell tumor of the lung is a rare and very unusual benign pulmonary tumor. As clear cell tumor of the lung contains abundant cytoplasmic glycogen, this tumor is called 'sugar tumor'. We report a case of sugar tumor in a 64-yr-old man presenting as a round pulmonary nodule. On dynamic computed tomography (CT) scans, the solitary pulmonary nodule showed early wash-in enhancement with an early washout pattern like a lung malignancy. The patient underwent wedge resection for the tumor. Pathologic examination, including immunohistochemical studies, revealed that the nodule was a benign clear cell tumor, so-called 'sugar tumor'. Because only a small number of cases have been reported previously, clinical aspects, radiological characteristics on dynamic contrast-enhanced CT, and differential diagnosis of the tumor are not well established. Herein we present a clear cell tumor of the lung and discuss the clinical, radiological, and pathological features of the tumor.</P>

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

신생아의 치조제에 발생한 양성 종물

이제호,김소화,윤정훈,최병재 대한소아치과학회 2001 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.28 No.2

신생아에서 흔히 발생하는 연조직 종양으로는 신생아의 구개 및 치은 낭종(palatal & gingival cyst of the newborn), 선천성 치은종(congenital epulis), 혈관종(hemangioma), 기형종(teratoma), 화농성 육아종 및 자극성 섬유종(pyogenic granuloma & irritation fibroma)이 있다. 이렇게 신생아의 치조계에서 발생한 연조직 종양은 대부분 외과적으로 절제하여 치료하며, 치료하지 않는 경우 흡인(aspiration)으로 인한 기도 폐쇄 및 호흡 곤란, 구강으로 수유시 불편감, 비강으로 수유시 구토가 불가능해 흡인폐렴(aspiration pneumonia) 유발 가능성이 있다. 본 증례는 신생아의 치조제에 발생한 연조직 종양으로, 외과적으로 절제하여 치료하였으며, 조직 검사 소견상 화농성 육아종 및 자극성 섬유종과 유사하였지만 다핵형 거대세포(multinucleated giant cells)가 관찰되었고 선천적으로 발생하였다는 점에서 차이가 있었다. 이 종물의 병리 기전은 아직까지 명확하지 않으며 어떤 특정 질환으로 포함시키는 데 문제점이 있으므로 이에 보고하는 바이다. The soft tissue tumors that occur commonly in newborn infants include palatal and gingival cyst of the newborn, congenital epulis, hemangloma, teratoma, pyogenic granuloma, and irritation fibroma. Such soft tissue tumors in the alveolar ridge of newborns are usually treated by surgical excision. If untreated, they can cause air-way obstruction and breathing difficulty due to aspiration. They also cause discomfort during oral feeding. If nasal feeding is tried, since vomitting is impossible, there is a risk of aspiration pneumonia. In this case, a newborn infant visited our hospital with soft tissue tumor as chief complaint, and the infant was treated by surgical excision. It appeased to be similar to pyogenic granuloma and irrtation fibroma upon histologic exam. However, it was different from those diseases since multinucleated giant cel1s were observed and it was congenital. The pathologic process of this neoplasm is not clear. This case is reported, since it is difficult to classify it as a specific disease.

간세포암환자에서 간동맥 화학 색전술 후 발생한 리피오돌에 의한 폐렴 1예

김소이,김유리,허현미,배서은,이명원,최윤정,김고흔,김태헌,유 권,문일환 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2009 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.32 No.2

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of common causes of cancer-related death in Korea where the majority of HCC patients were Hepaitc B virus(HBV)carriers and have cirrhosis. Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is commonly applied to the treatment of multinodular HCC in Korea and careful selection of candidate is important for the risk of various side effects. Besides common side effects as fever, nausea, abdominal pain and elevation of liver enzyme, TACE may predispose to hepatic failure, ischemic cholecystitis, pulmonary embolism, cerebral embolism and pneumonitis. In previous studies, some cases of pulmonary and cerebral embolism cases were reported but lipiodol pneumonitis after TACE was rarely reported. A 65-year-old woman with a multinodular HCC associated with HBV infection, was treated with TACE. Seven days after the procedure, nonspecific respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea and dry cough developed. Chest X-ray and chest computed tomography showed diffuse ground glass opacities in whole lung fields, suggestive of lipiodol pneumonitis. After several days of supportive care with steroid administration, radiologic abnormalities and subjective symptoms were much improved, considered that the disease was compatible with lipiodol pneumonitis.

제대동정맥 ECMO를 적용한 염소태아의 혈액가스 및 혈류역학 변화

송창훈(Chang Hun Song),소금영(Geum Young So),이국현(Kook Hyun Lee),박석천(Sok Cheon Pak) 대한산부인과학회 2001 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.44 No.9

N/A Objectives : The purpose of this study is to establish animal model of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system that uses membreane type oxygenator and circulation circuit of umbilical artery and vein. Blood gas and hemodynamic changes in the fetal goat undergoing ECMO were also evaluated. Methods : Total 15 pregnant goat had been used to perform extrauterine fetal incubation using ECMO through umbilical artery and vein. Cesarean-section was performed to pregnant goat (35 kg) of 120-130 days of gestation to insert catheters (8 Fr) into the umbilical artery and vein. The tip of inserted catheter's the other end was connected with the circuit system including membrane type oxygenator (Polystan) and roller pump. A total of 300 ml of blood was drawn from donor nonpregnant goat and primed into circuit on the day of surgery. The goat fetus was immersed in a chamber filled with artificial amniotic fluid to monitor blood flow dynamics and blood gas was analyzed. Results : The ECMO system using umbilical cord in the extrauterine incubation of fetal goat was developed and maximum survival of goat fetus was 34.5 hrs (mean survival was 856.6±688 min). Oxygen tension (PO2) in umbilical artery and vein were 20.53±2.54 mmHg, 31.03±13.03 mmHg and oxygen saturation (SO2) in umbilical artery and vein were 46.61±18.14 mmHg, 71.56±15.39 mmHg. Mean blood flow was 176±62 ml/min/kg. Conclusion : We suggest that our experimental model as an extrauterine fetal research could be a reasonable method in future advanced studies. However, longterm survival of extrauterine fetus needs more suitable hemodynamic and blood gas condition supported by further researches.

표준물질 조제를 위한 퇴적물 중 유기염소제 농약 및 Poiychlorinated Biphenyls의 분석

김미옥,이성인,정기호,소헌영 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2002 環境硏究報 Vol.20 No.-

Standard reference materials(SRM) have been used to certify the degree of accuracy for determining various kinds of analytes including environmental organic contaminants. In this study, we collected sediments from the Nakdong River estuary and Ulsan Bay. The levels of polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides were determined to investigate the availability of SRM and its homogeneity. The 8 congeners of PCBs and chlordane, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane(DDD), p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene(DDE), p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane(DDT), dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene(HCB) and oxychlordane were determined by using a capillary column gas chromatography/electron capture detector system. The environmental levels of these species md their relative standard deviations are discussed.

미국의 식물유래약용물질(Plant-Made Pharmaceuticals, PMPs)의 안전성 규제

김태산,원소윤,이근표,류태훈,진용문,이길복,김현준 한국국제농업개발학회 2005 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.17 No.1

1. 식물유래 약용물질 (PMP)은 살아있는 식물에서 생산된 치료용 단백질로, 발효조에서 세포계통을 이용하는 것보다 적은 비용으로 높은 순도의 단백질을 생산할 수 있어 이에 대한 연구개발이 확대될 전망이다. 2. 식물유래 약용물질의 재배시험을 감독하는 주관부서는 미농무부(USDA)의 동식물 검역청(APHIS)이다. 3. PMP의 생산에는 알팔파. 옥수수, 벼 잇꽃과 담배 등이 이용되고 있다. 4. 현재 상업화된 PMP는 없으나 ProdiGene, Inc사 등 몇몇 생명공학 회사에서 이들의 연구개발이 진행되고 있다. 5. 2002년에 PMP 재배시험은 130에이커 규모로 34개 시험장에서 20건이 허가 되었으며 주별로는 애리조나, 네브라스카 등 14주에서 시험이 이루어 졌다. 6. 미국 USDA의 PMP 재배 지침에 의하면 PMP의 재배생산에는 안전성확보를 위한 별도의 전용장비를 필요로 하며 파종에서 생산까지 엄격하게 관리된다. 7. 미국 USDA의 APHIS는 2002년 PMP 옥수수를 생산하는 ProdiGene, Inc사에 대하여 2건의 포장시험허가 위반사항을 적발하여 벌금 조치를 한바있다. Plant-made pharmaceuticals(PMPs) are therapeutic agents(pharmaceutical proteins) produced in genetically engineered plants. To yield these valuable products plants offer several advantages that include large-scale production capacity at a reduced cost, equivalent purity/activity to other manufacturing systems, and freedom from contamination with animal pathogens, prions, or disease-causing germs. But there are risks of contamination of the food supply and unintended effects on ecosystems. In the U.S. PMPs are regulated under stringent requirement of the U.S. Department of Agriculture(USDA) and the Food and Drug Administration(FDA). In this article, contamination incident with PMP corn engineered by ProdiGene, Inc will be briefly introduced and regulations of PMPs will be discussed.

가압중수로 증기발생기의 경년열화 관리를 위한 안전성 평가 시스템 개발

신소은,이정훈,박동규,정종엽,Shin, So Eun,Lee, Jeong Hun,Park, Tong Kyu,Jung, Jong Yeob 한국시스템엔지니어링학회 2014 시스템엔지니어링학술지 Vol.10 No.1

Since steam generator (SG) tubes are located in the boundary between the primary and secondary systems of nuclear power plant (NPP), the SG is one of the most important components in the aspects of the safety of NPP. The magnetite ($Fe_30_4$) deposition, so-called fouling, is generally known as a major aging mechanism of CANDU SGs, and this aging mechanism makes the heat transfer efficiency between the primary and secondary systems of NPP reduced. Therefore, the development of SG safety assessment system which can evaluate the effect of the SG aging degradation mechanism should be needed for safety of NPP. In this study, through the suggestion of the guideline for SG safety assessment, it is possible to strengthen the basic of establishing the effective SG aging management technique. The SG safety assessment is carried out by CATHENA(Canadian Algorithm for THErmalhydraulic Network Analysis). It is possible to determine the integrity of SGs by identifying the main safety parameters which can be changed by the aging degradation of CANDU SGs.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1997)

김재홍,문득곤,김정수,김용준,임동진,박상훈,김희성,이민수,송기훈,김갑형,김형석,성소영,이인섭,김석우,황지환,조창근,김경문,부태성 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods : For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results : In 1997. 99 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 45(45.5%) were PPNG. Conclusion : The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 45.5% in 1997.