정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

相異한 日長條件下에서 Diallel Cross에 의한 보리의 出穗遺傳에 관한 硏究

金鳳九 단국대학교 1980 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

This experiment was carried out to study the genetic response of heading date in barley. Parents and F_1 seeds from 4×4 barley diallel cross were obtained at green house in 1976, and transplanted under different daylenght conditions (9-,11-,13-,15- and 24-hour daylength conditions) after seed-green vernalization. Critical daylength for heading was analyzed from heading date of all daylength treated, and genetic studies for barley heading under all daylength conditions including critical daylength were analyzed from diallel cross. The results oftained are summarized as follows; (1) All parents and F_1-hybrids headed earlier under long daylength conditions than under short daylength conditions. Among the parents the earliest heading was obtained from Haganemugi followed by Barsoy, Suweon 18, and Suweon 4 under all daylength -conditions except critical daylength. (2) Critical daylength to parents and F_1-hybrids for heading was analyzed, that is; Suweon 4, Suwoon 18, and their F_1-hybrids being late were appeared under long critical daylength, while Haganemugi was shown under short critical daylength as 11.35 hour. However, F_1-hybrids of Haganemugi was under the long critical daylength conditions. Barsoy had the intermediate critical daylength for heading, and its F_1-hybrids revealed the shorter critical daylength rather than their parents. (3) Heritability is relatively high over daylength conditions, that is, a major part of the total phenotypic variability in this diallel cross is genetic. (4) Epistasis is not an important feature of the genetic system, that is, most of the genetic variability can be attributed to additive and dominant effects of genes. (5) Degree of dominance in heading to daylength differences was the highest under critical daylength condition. However, increase and/or decrease daylength based upon the critical daylengh makes the degree of dominance reduce. Thus, the lowest degree of dominance obtained respectively from 9-and 24-hour daylength conditions. This result may suggest that genetic studies and selection for early heading under long daylength beyond critical daylength are no or little valuable. (6) Averaged over all genes, the degree of dominance is partial and in the direction of earliness. Among the parents regarding to inheritance of earlinees, Barsoy appeared to be patrially dominant while Haganemugi showed to be partially recessive.

生長抑制劑 "RH-531" 處理에 의한 麥類의 生長 및 收量形質 變化에 관한 硏究

金鳳九,金基駿 건국대학교 1976 論文集 Vol.3 No.1

To investigate the changes of physical characteristics of culm related to lodging, of growth, and of yield components as influenced by RH-531 (cc DP) (3-Carboxy-1-(p-chlorophenyl)-4,6-dimethyl-Z-pyridone) treatments in wheat and barley varieties, we had carried out this experiment in the field during the period of 2 years from 1973 to 1974 at the Crop Experiment Station in Suwon. Four varieties-Suwon #18 and Buheung in barley, WongKwang and Sukae # 196 in wheat-were tested under 3 growth stages of treatment-the high tillering stage, booting stage and heading stage- and 3 concentration of treatment including check. Results obtained from the experiment could be summarized as follows ; 1). Lodging was largely decreased with making the chum length shortening by RH-53I treatments compare with the check, Buheung with the long calm length showed the most effect to shorten the cults length among the varieties tested. 2). The length of 1st internode showed the most decrease among the different internodes by RH-531 treatments, especially more increased concentration at booting stage. 3). The spike ailed own length was observed shorten in varieties with long spike and long awn. 4). More favorable physical characters of culm were showed in the investigation of 20 days after heading than of maturing dates in the all varieties tested. 5). Yield and its components such as number of grains per head and number of spikes per Im2 were remarkably decreased upon the increased concentrarion of RH-531 compare to the non-treated check. This trends were clearly appeared in the treatment at booting stage.

편도절제술을 받는 소아에서 수술 후 오심 및 구토에 대한 Propofol과 Ondansetron의 예방적 효과

김영재,구봉근,이정한,이근무,정순호,최영균,신치만 白中央醫療院 2005 仁濟醫學 Vol.26 No.1

Objective: To examine the prophylactic effect of ondansetron and propofol against postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV) in children undergoing tonsill ectomy Methods and Materials: Sixty children(aged 3-11 years) who underwent tonsillectomy received antiemetics (ondansetron group; ondansetron 0.1mg/kg, propofol group; propofol 0.5mg/kg) or not (control group) at the end of surgery. Anesthesia was induced with ketamine(1mg/kgiv) and rocuronium(0.5mg/kg) and maintained by inhalation anesthesia with 2-3vol% sevoflurane in 50% N_(2)O/O_(2). Premedication was given as atropine 0.01mg/kg iv. Ketorolac(1mg/kg) was injected for postoperative analgesia immediate after induction. They were monitored the incidence of PONV at operation room, postanesthetic care unit(PACU) and admission room. Results: No significant differences were observed in the total incidence of PONV among the groups. But ondansetron and propofol group made a difference(p<0.05) in the incidence of PONV at operation room compared with control group. Conclusion: In children undergoing tonsillectomy, ondansetron(0.1mg/kg) and propofol(0.5mg/kg) may have a prophylactic effect against PONV at operation room.

大麥의 倒伏時期가 收量 및 品質에 미치는 影響 : 主로 山間地인 忠南 靑陽郡을 中心으로 With Chong-Yang country, Chungchong-namdo, most of which are mountainous, as its center

金鳳九 단국대학교 1977 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

In order to investigate the changs of yield, yield characteristics, and grain quality by different lodging times, this experiment was carried out at the experimental hill site in Chongyang Kun, Chungchong-namdo. Varities―Suweon 18 and Buheung―were tested on this experiment and the results obtained are as follows; 1. Culm lengths were shortened because of lodging shortly after heading. There was the tendency for the culm lengths of Buheung to be shorter than those of Suweon 18. 2. 2. Yield and yield characteristics were reduced because of lodging. When lodging was induced there was a wider range in the number of grains per head. The number of grains per head, the number of head per m^2, and test weight showed a highly positive correlation with grain yield. 3. There was a highly positive correlation between grain yield and pearlingt ate. The earlier after heading that lodging occurs, the greater reduction of grain yield and pearling rate. 4. The protein contents of the barley grain are increased when lodging occurs early, but late lodging causes litter effects on the protein contents. 5. Total protein yield per unit area are decreased by either early or late lodging. 6. There was a highly positive correlation between pearling rate and total protein yield per unit area. 7. Effect on the yield decrease of barley by lodging practiced under the hill side showed no or little differences compared to the results of farming land.

酸度에 따른 Molybdenum 施用이 大豆의 生育과 根瘤形成에 미치는 影響

金鳳九 단국대학교 1990 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

To investigate the effect of molybdenum application to soybean(Glycine max. var. Paldalkong), two levels of soil acidity, pH 5.0 and 6.8 and two levels of molybdenum application were treated at very low soil acidity and infertile soil. Great differences of growth and nodule formation of soybean were observed between two levels of molybdenum application, treated and non-treated, at low-soil acidity(pH 5.0). Plant height, the number of branches, number of internodes and pods per plant, and number and weight of nodules were increased as application of molybdenum at pH5.0 soil. It was considered that molybdenum application could be substituted Ca application at the soil where Ca was needed.

난자의 회수시기, BSA, Cysteine 및 Myoinositol이 개 난자의 체외성숙에 미치는 영향

김상근,이봉구,이규승 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2007 농업과학연구 Vol.34 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of ovarian estrus stage of oocytes and supplementation of medium with BSA, cysteine and myoinositol on in vitro maturation of canine oocytes. The in vitro maturation(IVM) rate to metaphase II (M II) stage of oocytes recovered from different stage of the reproductive cycle (inactive, follicular and luteal stage) cultured in TCM-199 media were 0.0±0.0%, 10.0±4.1% and 5.7±1.6%, respectively. The IVM rate of oocytes collected from follicular stage was significantly higher in inactive or luteal stage of oocytes. The IVM rates of oocytes recovered from different stage of the reproductive cycle cultured in TCM-199 media with 5% BSA and 0.1 mM cysteine were 0.0+0.0%, 15.8+4.7%, 5.6+1.5%, respectively. The IVM rates of oocytes recovered from different stage of the reproductive cycle cultured in TCM-199 media with 5% BSA and 10 mM myoinositol were 0.0±0.0%, 18.4±4.6% and 5.7±1.9%, respectively. The IVM rate of follicular stage oocytes was significantly higher in oocytes collected from follicular stage and with cultured 5% BSA and 0.1 mM cysteine or 5% BSA and 10 mM myoinositol compared to other experimental group.

栽植密度 및 施肥量의 差異가 麥稈의 形態的 및 物理的 特性과 收量에 미치는 影響에 관한 硏究

金鳳九 단국대학교 1976 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

In order to study the effects of fertilizer level and planting density on morphological and physical traits of straw as well as yield in barley, Haganemugi, Suwon#18, Buheung and Olbori has been tested and the results obtained could be summarized as followings. 1, No differences were found in maturing time by changes of fertilizer level, but early maturing was ordered as spaced, drill, narrow ridge, wide ridge along with planting density. 2. Yield was remarkably increased under heavy fertilizr and densed population especially in those varieties such as Haganemugi and Olbori. 3. Length of each internodes were almost consistant over fertilizer level, but were longer in wide ridge and narrow ridge than drill and spaced. Also length of 2nd internode of Olbori was the longest among the varieties tasted. 4. No differences were found in thickness of culm wall by fertilizer level, while thinned thickness of culm wall was ordered as spaced, drill, narrow ridge and wide along with planting density. 5. Breaking strength of culm was more increased in the standard fertilizer level and sparsed planting density than heavy fertilizer level and densed planting density. More differences were found in the planting density than fertilizer level. 6. Breaking strength and thickness of culm wall were showed low correlation cofficient with culm length and test weight each other. Significant positive correlation was found between the number of grains per spike and 1000 grains weight, and between breaking strength and thickness of culm wall. Also it was showed significant negative correlation coefficient between number of spikes per 1m^ and yield. 7. It is considered that decision of lidging resistance is very difficult by investigation of one characteristic because lodging appears by overlapping of several factors such as ability of variety, fertilizer, planting density and environment.

직업적 연폭로에서 혈중 연량 수준에 따른 선별검사로서의 혈중 ZPP 검사의 타당도

한구석,안현철,김용배,리갑수,김화성,황규윤,장봉기,이성수,안규동,이병국 순천향대학교 산업의학연구소 1999 순천향산업의학 Vol.5 No.1

In order to evaluate the validity of current screening criteria of lead exposure and to provide effective information for the better health management of lead workers, author investigated the interrelationship between blood lead and blood zinc protoporphyrin(ZPP) and evaluate the validity of blood zinc protoporphyrin as the screening test and blood lead as gold standard of diagnostic test. The total of 2245 lead workers (male workers: 1982, female workers : 263) from 12 lead using industries were studied. Blood lead, ZPP, hemoglobin and hematocrit were selected as lead exposure variables. Personal information on sex, age and work duration were also checked. Blood lead was measured with flameless atomic absorption spectrometry (model: Hitachi 8100) using standard addition method. Blood ZPP was measured with portable hematoflurometer (model: Aviv 206). The results obtained were as follows: 1. The mean blood lead of all lead workers were 0.7±14.3㎍/㎗(Male: 31.0±14.4㎍/㎗, Female: 28.2±12.9㎍/㎗), whereas the mean blood ZPP of those were 68.1±47.5㎍/㎗(Male: 63.9±43.7㎍/㎗, Female: 100.1±61.0㎍/㎗). The mean value of hemoglobin and hematocrit of all lead workers were 14.5±1.5g/㎗(Male: 14.7±1.3g/㎗, Female: 12.3±1.2g/㎗) and 45.4±3.6(Male: 46.2±2.8, Female: 39.5±3.1) respectively. 2. Validity of test using blood zinc protoporphyrin as screening test for blood lead levels of 30㎍/㎗ as gold standard of diagnostic test revealed that the highest validity value for male and female lead workers were 50 and 90 ㎍/㎗ of ZPP respectively, showing 50 and 60 ㎍/㎗ of ZPP for all lead workers. While those test for blood lead levels of 40㎍/㎗ as gold standard of diagnostic test revealed that the highest validity value for male and female lead workers were 60 and 90 ㎍/㎗ of ZPP respectively, showing 60 ㎍/㎗ of ZPP for all lead workers, those test for blood lead levels of 50 and 60㎍/㎗ as gold standard of diagnostic test revealed that the highest validity value for male and female lead workers were 60 or 70 and 100 ㎍/㎗ ZPP respectively, showing 60and 70 or 80 ㎍/㎗ of ZPP for all lead workers. 3. Predictive value of test using blood zinc protoporphyrin as the screening test for different blood lead levels of 30, 40, 50 and 60㎍/㎗ as gold standard of diagnostic test revealed that positive predictive value of screening test were decreased by the increase of blood lead level regardless of csreening criteria value ZPP and negative predictive value of screening test were increased accordingly regardless of screening criteria value of ZPP. On the other hand, within same blood lead level as a gold standard positive predictive values were inceased by the increase of screening criteria value of ZPP, whereas the negative predictive value were decreased accordingly by the the increase of screening criteria value of ZPP. 4. The correlation analysis of all lead workers among study variables revealed that CPbB and natural log transformation ZPP(LZPP) were better correlated with other variables and found to be better estimate than PbB and ZPP themselves. The age was correlated with all other variables, but the work duration was not. The correlation analysis of male and female workers among study variables revealed the same results with all lead workers. 5. The slope of simple linear regression of CPbB (independent variable) with ZPP in female workers(3.223)was steeper than in male workers(2.144). That of lead workers with work duration of less than 1 year was steeper than that of lead workers whose work duration was more than 1 year. But there was no slope difference between two groups divided by their work duration of 2 years less and more. The slope of simple linear regression of CPbB lead (independent variable)with ZPP in lead workers whose blood lead were higher than 30㎍/㎗and 40㎍/㎗ were steeper than those whose blood lead were less than 30㎍/㎗ and 40㎍/㎗. 6. The slope of simple linear regression of CPbB (independent variable) with ZPP in lead industries with low mean blood lead were less steeper than those with high mean blood lead. 7. The slope of simple linear regression of CPbB (independent variable) with LZPP in female workers(0.0308was steeper than in male workers(0.0253). That of lead workers with work duration of less than 1 year was steeper than that of lead workers whose work duration was more than 1 year. But where was no slope difference between two groups divided by their work duration of 2 years less and more. While the slope of simple linear regression of CPbB lead (independent variable) with LZPP in lead workers whose blood lead were hogher than 30㎍/㎗ was not steeper than those whose blood lead were less than 30㎍/㎗, there was no slope difference between two groups whose blood lead were less than 40㎍/㎗ and more than 40㎍/㎗. 8. The slope of simple linear regression of CPbB (independent variable) with LZPP in lead industries with low mean blood lead were less steeper than those with high mean blood lead, but the difference was not significant then that of CPbB and ZPP. With above results, it is recommended that the screening criteria value of ZPP should be down to 60-70㎍/㎗ from 100㎍/㎗ for male lead workers and screening criteria of ZPP for female lead workers was all right with current value of 100㎍/㎗. So it is recommended to make different screening criteria of ZPP for male and female workers like the hemoglobin and hematocrit screening criteria. It is also preferable to use CPbB and LZPP rather than uncorrected PbB and ZPP in the evaluation of lead exposure for lead workers.

PCR을 이용한 국내 및 수입 축산물 유래 Listeria monocytogenes의 유전학적 분석연구

우용구,이수화,이철현,최정수,류재두,김영일,이오수,김봉환 한국수의공중보건학회 2003 예방수의학회지 Vol.27 No.2

One hundred-fifty two of Listeria strains were isolated from domestic chicken carcasses, a slaughter-houses from nationwide from 1996 to 1997 and imported livestock products from a ten foreign countries including the USA, China, France and Thailand. To substitute the laborious and time consuming procedures of clinical laboratory standard diagnostic methods, the rapid and specific multiplex PCR(M-PCR), which was designed to amplify a three kinds of genes simultaneously f3r specific detection and differentiation of L. monocytogenes(LM) by one step procedure, was established. The LM strains confirmed with M-PCR were analysed to their genetic diversities by RAPD using the two primers(D87 & MMTl), and also evaluated on their discriminatory abilities(na) between two primers. our study also conducted the REP-PCR and ERIC-PCR for evaluation of the possibility of REP and ERIC elements for genetic subtyping of LM strains. According to the REP-PCR and ERIC-PCR fingerprinting patterns, LM strains were divided into 7(ERIC-type) and 4(REP-type) major clusters at the relative clone cut off value of 80%. According to the computer analysis of PCR results using the GelCompar Ⅱ software, ERIC-PCR(DI=0.955) had expressed the most high discriminatory ability and followed by REP-PCR(DI=0.952), RAPD(D87; 0.954, MMT1; 0.937), in order. The combined analysis of the present PCR results was also expressed the reliable and useful discriminatory ability(DI=0.916). This study suggested that PCR based methods could be used as an reliable, reproducible, rapid, and highly discriminatory method for the genetic differentiation of genus Listeria.