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이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1
연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.
Large Scale 2차원 자연지형 위에서 대기유동에 관한 수치적 연구
윤준용,강승규 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1997 工學技術論文集 Vol.6 No.1
The objective of this paper is to develop a computational model for the prediction of the pollutant spread from a complex terrain. The model comprises a two-dimensional, steady state and incompressible flow. This paper is to suggest velocity profile which is very important in the prediction of air pollution. This computational result can apply to predict the spread of pollutants for Sanbon city.
표면 거칠기가 난류 유동장에 미치는 효과에 대한 실험적 연구
윤준용 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1998 工學技術論文集 Vol.7 No.1
유동장의 속도나 난류 분포를 변화시키는 표면 거칠기 효과는 공학적으로 중요한 연구대상중의 하나이다. 현재까지 거칠기가 존재하는 표면위에서의 난류 유동장에 관한 연구자료는 많지 않으며, 그간의 연구자료는 거칠기 요소를 단순화시키거나 일정한 조건의 거칠기에 대해서만 다루었다. Patel, Yoon(1996)등이 거칠기 효과를 충분히 고려할수 있는 난류 모델을 개발하는등 수치 해석에서도 거칠기에 대한 응용이 이루어지고 있지만, 다양한 거칠기 효과를 연구한 자료는 미미하다. 이에 보다 다양한 거칠기 조건과 유동 조건에 기초한 유동장을 실험적으로 해석였다. 원하는 유동장을 생성시키고 다양한 거칠기 조건의 변화를 위해 직사각단면의 덕트에서 실험하였으며, 2차원 유동장의 난류 특성을 파악하기 위해 열선 유속계를 사용하였다. The effect of surface roughness that changes velocity profile or turbulent distribution of flow field is among the important engineering research area. Until now, there are few research works done on turbulent flows over rough surfaces. A little works dealt with simplified or constantly conditioned roughness elements. Even though study of roughness in the numerical analysis like that Patel and Yoon(1996) had developed about the turbulent model applicable to the roughness effect, only few studies of various roughness effect exist. So, the experimental analysis of the flows in more realistic and plausible conditions based on more various roughness types and flow conditions has done. To acquire the good flow conditions and to change the roughness conditions, duct with rectangular cross section was used as experimental apparatus, and hot-wire anemometer was used for the measurements of 2-dimensional turbulent characteristics.
하악골 골절 환자에 있어 수술후 합병증으로 발생한 골수염의 치험례
윤규호,전인성,신용길,박준호,허남오,방석준 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1996 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.18 No.4
The term osteomyelitis literally means inflammation of bone marrow. It is described as an inflammatory condition of bone primarily engaging the medullary Following circulatory collapse and ischemia, the involved portions of the bone become necrotic. Cellulitis and osteomyelitis are the most frequent complications of fractures of the mandible and maxilla, because there is an abscessed tooth in the line of fracture. Since most fractures are compound fractures, infection may develop because of contact with oral secretions or outside air. The treatment of chronic osteomyelitis is still under debate. Some authors rely on antibiotics alone, while others advocate combination with surgery. But when infection occurs, establish proper drainage and administer antibiotics. Author treated a case of infected mandibular fracture with mandibular osteotomy, sequestrectomy, iliac bone graft and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, who had suffered suppurative osteomyelitis and mandibular nonunion following the open reduction of the mandibular fracture.
국내 건설 환경 변화에 따른 여성 인력의 효율적인 활용 방안에 대한 연구
장상용,윤준선,백준홍 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1
The propose of this study is to present the possible solutions for the shortage of skilled labor in Korean construction industry that is currently encountered. This study examined employment trends in construction industry in Korea and U.S.A. The construction industry is highly influenced by economic cycle. The aging of the crafts and shortage of workers are pressing issue in this industry. In order to solve this problem, The construction industry must lead women labor to enter the their industry with appropriate education. This answer to the shortage is to retain those workers currently worked in other industry and to streamline construction practices to reduce labor strain.
국내 살모넬라 분리주에서 spvR 유전자 분포와 단일 뉴클레오티드 다형 연구
권혁준,박경윤,박주연,박용호,김선중,유한상 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.6
목적 : 지금까지 병원성 살모넬라를 확인하기 위해 분자량이 큰 플라스미드의 존재 유무를 확인하여 왔으나 살모넬라 혈청형 및 검출 방법에 따라 양성율에 큰 차이를 보이고 있고, 일부 병원성 살모넬라 분리주에서 병원성 플라스미드가 관찰되지 않아 spv 유전자들의 유무에 대한 아른 확인방법이 필요하다. 본 실험은 국내 동물 유래 주요 살모넬라 혈청형에서 spvR 유전자의 분포를 알아보고, 병원성 살모넬라 분자진단을 위한 분자표지로써의 가치를 평가하기 위해 실행하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 국내 가축 유래 S. lyphimurium (ST, 26주), S. enteritidis (SE, 10주), S. pullorum (SP, 40주), S. gallinarum (SG, 53주)에 대해 GenBank에 등록된 ST, SE, SP의 spvR 유전자를 비교하여 ST와 SE 간에 차이를 보이는 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP, 625번 뉴클레오티드)을 포함하도록 시발자를 합성하여 집락-PCR을 수행하였다. 증폭 산물(194bp)은 자동 염기서열장치를 이용하여 염기서열을 결정하였고, 제한효소인 MseI을 사용하여 PCR-RFLP를 실시하였다. 결과 : 집락-중합효소연쇄반응 결과 SP, SG, SE의 모든 (100%) 분리주에서 특이 증폭산물이 검출되었으나 ST의 경우 19주(73%)에서만 증폭되었다. 특히 병원성 관련 플라스미드가 관찰되지 않았던 SP 4주에서 특이적인 증폭산물이 검출되었다. 염기서열 분석결과 SE, SG, SP는 625번 뉴클레오티드에 아데닌을, ST는 구아닌을 가지고 있어 PCR-RFLP를 이용하여 쉽게 구분할 수 있었다. 결 론 : spvR에 대한 집락-중합효소연쇄 반응법은 병원성 플라스미드 검출법보다 SE, SP, SG 병원성 주를 신속하게 검출하는데 유용하고, 625번 뉴클레오티드의 SNP는 ST와 SE, SG, SP를 구분하는 분자표지로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대되며, ST에 비해 SE는 진화적으로 SG와 SP에 가까운 것으로 생각되었다. Background : The Salmonella virulence plasmid (spv) genes (spvR, A, B, C and D) on the large virulence plasmids of pathogenic Salmonella serotypes can replace the virulence of the whole plasmid. Recently, virulence plasmid-negative pathogenic Salmonella isolates were isolated. However, positive rates of spv genes among Korean Salmonella serotypes have been obscure. spv genes are conserved in compared to other virulence genes but there are single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) conserved in only certain serotype. Such SNPs are useful for differentiation and understanding evolution of certain serotypes. Materials and Methods : Salmonella serotypes isolated from live stocks [Salmonella typhimurium (ST, 26), S. enteritidis (SE, 10), S. gallinarum (SG, 40) and S. pullorum (SP, 53)] were used for colony-PCR. A primer set covering single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at 625th nucleotide of spvR was designed. The nucleotide sequences of amplicons were determined by cyclic sequencing method and RFLP was performed by using MseI. Results : All isolates of SE, SG and SP, including four plasmid-negative isolates, showed specific amplicons but not all of ST (19/26, 73%) were positive to spvR. Based on the nucleotide sequence of 625th nucleotide and PCR-RFLP, SE, SG and SP [A(625)] and ST [G(625)] could be differentiated. Conclusion : spvR can be used as a molecular marker to detect virulent SE, SG, SP and the SNP may be useful for differentiation of SE, SG, SP and ST. According to the SNP study SE may be evolutionarily closer to SG and SP than ST.
가로변건축물의 외관디자인 특성과 인지평가에 관한 연구 : 광주광역시 충장로 1~3가를 중심으로 Focused on Choongjang-ro 1~3ga, Kwangju city
나경천,윤지민,조용준 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 1999 建設技術硏究 Vol.19 No.2
As the sense of value is changed into focus on quality from quantity according to the improvement of living standard, the concerns on the street landscape is greatly increasing. It means the urban value is extended to the cultural value of beauty and comfort in the formation of efficiency-centered industrial society. The city with beautiful street landscape is varied depending on the observer's viewpoint, but it must offer the pleasure with visual and thinking excitement with beautiful and ordered maintenance of the city. But, the current street has merely function of road for passage and move to destination and shows confusion and disorder in its. appearance because building owners and architects approached the street with private position for the expression of inner space rather than public position for beautiful landscape and administrative departments also developed construction and maintenance without independent landscape construction system for each street. Especially, administration focuses on the pursuit of urban convenience and efficiency, but it neglects the preservation and regeneration of local characteristics and after all the city is unified without special personality. This study reveals the physical characteristics of street landscape of Choongjang-ro, the typical pedestrian street of Kwangju city, offers the basic materials required for setting the future street plan for making it discriminated and characteristic street of Kwangju and the concrete research results are as follows. 1. The buildings at Choongiang-ro, Kwangju have mostly patterns of narrow and long front by the influence of small site location, the density of such small buildings led to discontinuance of visual stream and there is rare to back the building front for the security of commercial supremacy or secure the public site and it has low qualitative level of street landscape for pedestrians. Sufficient considerations should be given in the stage of planning the building faced with Choongiang-ro for the qualitative improvement of skeet landscape. 2. Street landscape of Choongjang-ro, Kwangju city has disordered appearance of buildings due to the confusion and disharmony of outdoor signboards for public relation and the quality of street landscape is reduced. So the design which can recognize the use of buildings in harmony with design patterns of neighboring buildings is required. That is, design should be made to make the exterior of buildings show it function and use. 3. Since the frequent interception and qualitative lowering of street landscape are resulted from the inconsistent number, size and location of all signboards attached to buildings on Choongjang-ro street, the size of outdoor signboards should be limited according to the concrete standards including the area of occupancy or front area of building of each business and the arrangement of maintenance policy of outdoor signboards is very urgent. It is found that the quality of street landscape is determined by interactions of various factors including the form of fixtures such as ad signboard, kind of business and the supply of public site as well as the form of design pattern of buildings faced with the street.