아세트酸-물 溶媒系에 의한 木材의 有機酸 蒸解效果

李宣鎬,趙炳默 江源大學校 林科大學 森林科學硏究所 1993 Journal of Forest Science Vol.9 No.-

무공해 대체 펄프화법 개발의 일환으로 비교적 최근에 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있는 아세트산-물 용매 중해법을 이용하여 현사시나무와 소나무를 펄프화 하였다. 펄프 특성의 변화에서 현사시나무는 거의 모든 아세트산 중해조건에서 우수한 펄프화 경향을 보였지만 소나무는 저온에서 중해가 거의 일어나지 않았다. 현사시나무의 최적 중해조건은 중해농도 95%, 중해온도 185℃, 중해시간 0.5hr이었다. 구성당 성분의 거동은 현사시나무와 소나무에서 glucose만이 소량 감소하는 반면 그외의 당성분들은 다량 용출되었다. 폐액중의 용출 아세트산 리그닌에 대한 기초적인 성질을 살펴본 결과 현사시나무의 아세트산 리그닌의 원소조성은 C가 63.88%, H가 5.45%, O가 30.67%이며 C의 formular는 였고 소나무의 아세트산 리그닌의 조성은 C가 61.85%, H가 6.14%, O가 32.01%이며 C의 formular는 이었으며 두 수종의 아세트산 리그닌 중합 평균분자량은 현사시나무가 731이며 소나무는 725였다. There are a lot of serious problums associated with conventional pulping processes, such as kraft and sulfite. In order to tackle these difficulties, organic acid pulping of Populus tomentiglandulosa T. Lee and Pinus densiflora S. et Z. have been investigated as on alternative method. The acetic acid cooking of Populus tomentiglandulosa T. Lee achieved good delignification with pulp yields of 55-65% under almost all cooking conditions. In the acetic acid cooking of Pinus densiflora S. et Z., it was not cooked at a low temperature. The strength properties of the acetic acid pulps from Pinus tomentiglandulosa T. Lee showed the optimum with 95% acetic acid concentration at 185℃ maximum cooking temperature for 0.5hr cooking time. The strength properties of the acetic acid pulps from Pinus densiflora S. et Z. displayed excellent tear strength in comparison with those of the other softwoods. In the process of acetic acid cooking, glucose has been removed a little, but other sugars have been eliminated. The elemental compositions and formulas of acetosolv lignins from Populus tomentiglandulosa T. Lee were 63.88% carbon, 5.45% hydrogen and 30.67% oxygen and . The elemental compositions and formulas of acetosolv lignins from Pinus densiflora S. et Z. were 61.85% carbon, 6.14% hydrogen and 32.01% oxygen and . The Wt.av.MWT's of the acetosolv lignins from Pinus tomentiglandulosa T. Lee and Pinus densiflora S. et Z. were 731 and 725.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

광대역 고출력 공간 전력 증폭 소자에 관한 연구

이성호,권세웅,이병무,윤영중 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 2002 논문집 Vol.33 No.2

In this paper, spatial amplifier using wideband printed dipole antennas is proposed for spatial power combining. The input and output printed dipole antennas have wide bandwidth of 22 %(5.44 ㎓∼6.75 ㎓) and 26.3 %(5.2 ㎓∼6.78 ㎓), respectively. Gain of the designed amplifier is 9.5 ㏈ at 6 ㎓. As a result, the proposed spatial amplifier using wideband printed dipole antennas and amplifiers shows that the gain is 16.8 ㏈ at 6 ㎓ and 3-㏈ gain bandwidth is 1.04 ㎓.

Pentoxifylline과 그 製劑의 GLC에 依한 分析

이명연,윤병호 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1987 論文集 Vol.38 No.1

A rapid and specific gas liquid chromatographic assay for the quantitative determination of pentoxifylline and its dosage form was described. GLC was performed on a stainless steel column packed with 1.5% OV-101 on chromosorb G and flame ionization detector. Quantitation was accomplished by peak height or peak area with a disk integrator using cinchocaine HCl as the internal standard. The retention time of pentoxifylline was 2.0 min. and cinchocaine HCl as the internal standard was 3.7 min. The mean percent recovery for pentoxifylline was 100.05% and relative standard deviation was 1.72%. The calibration curve was linear in a range of 1.25∼7.5㎍(r=0.9992). This method was simple, precise, accurate and rapid.

휘발성 유기오염물질의 물리적 특성이 활성탄의 흡착능에 미치는 영향

이병호,류성일,이상배 대한상하수도학회 2002 상하수도학회지 Vol.16 No.3

Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs) are known to be carcinogenic chemicals. Use of activated carbon has been recommended to remove the carcinogenic VOCs. VOCs have their own physical characteristics such as Henry's constants, boiling point, solubility, vapor pressure, and molecular weight. Relationships between the adsorption capacities and the physical characteristics of a few VOCs were investigated. The adsorption capacity increased with Henry's constant, boiling point, and molecular weight. However, it decreased with solubility and vapor pressure of the VOCs, Solubility, vapor pressure, and boiling point showed strong relationship with adsorption capacity while Henry's constant and molecular weight showed less.

주요우울증에 대한 벤라팍신의 효과 및 안전성

이민수,남종원,강성민,연병길,오병훈,이철,정인과,채정민,백인호 대한신경정신의학회 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.6

연구목적 : 주요우울증 환자에서 벤라팍신의 치료 효과와 안정성을 조사하기 위해 다기관 개방연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : DSM-IV 진단 기준에 의거하여 주요우울증으로 진단된 환자중 벤라팍신 투여에 동의한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 선택된 환자에서 다른 항우울제를 복용하고 있는 경우 14일 이상의 약물 배설기간을 가진후 벤라팍신을 6주간 투여하였으며, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 6주 후에 HAM-D, MADRS, 그리고 CGI등을 사용하여 평가하였다. 본 연구기간중 발생된 모든 부작용은 부작용의 발생 및 소설 시기, 심한 정도, 발생 빈도, 벤라팍신과의 관련성, 관련 조치 및 결과에 대하여 증례기록서에 기록하도록 하였다. 결 과 : 총 141명을 대상으로 하였으며, 이중 94명(66.7%)이 6주간의 연구를 완결하였고, 47명(33.3%)이 중도탈락하였다. HAM-D총점수는 벤라팍신 투여 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었으며, 2주,4주, 6주후에도 지속적인 감소를 보였다. MADRS의 총점수도벤라팍신 투여 1주 후부터 유의한 호전을 나타내었으며, 2주, 4주, 6주 후에도 지속적인 감소를 보였다. CGI에서도 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 6주 후 각각의 시점 사이에 유의한 호전이 보였다. 활력징후, 일반 혈액학, 생화학, 심전도 검사 등에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 벤라팍신과 관련된 부작용으로 흔히 보고한 증상은 오심(10.6%), 소화불량(9.5%), 변비(8.5%), 현기증(8.5%)등 이었다. 결 론 : 다기관 개방연구를 통해 주요우울증 환자에 대한 벤라팍신의 투여는 우울증상의 호전에 효과적이었으며 안전하였다. Objective : A Multicenter open-label study was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of venlafaxine for the tretment in patients with major depression. Method : The study was done in patients with major depression diagnosed by DSM-IV who accepted venlafaxine medication. In cases of the patients taking other antidepressants, 6 weeks of venlafaxine medication was carried out after 14 days of drug excretion period and evaluation using HAM-D, MADRS, and CGI was done at baseline, and after 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks. Regarding all side effects that had occurred during the period of our study such as their developed/disappeared time, severities, incidences, relationship with venlafaxine, managements and results have been putted into the records. Results : A total of 141 patients were enrolled. Among 94 of them finished the 6 weeks of research and 41 of them did not make it through the research. Total HAM-D scores showed significant decrease after 1 week of venlafzxine medication and continous decrease through the study period. Total scores of MADRS also showed significant improvement after 1 week and continuous decrease through the study period. Similarly, CGI showed significant improvement between baseline, 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks. There were no significant changes in vital sign, CBC, chemistry, and EKG. The commonly reported side effects of venlafaxine were nausea(10.6%), indigestion(9.5%), constipation(8.5%), and dizziness(8.5%). Conclusion : According to the results, venlafaxine was effective and safe in the treatment of patients with major depression.

組積메움壁의 耐震性 評價에 關한 硏究

李皓,崔棅極,金炫山 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1990 연구보고 Vol.18 No.1

Due to concentration and high density of population, the style of building becomes high rise. Therefore, the buildings require structures such as braces and shearing walls capable to resist various lateral forces caused by wind and earthquake. Domestically, the masonry wall with frame is used as partition walls, which is considerate as a simple wall and the bearing capacity of which is neglected. It is accepted that when masonry wall and frame interacts each other, the bearing capacity acts to some degree. In this study, to find the interaction of masonry wall frame, the author selects ten models and to analysis models by finite element method which is used widely in engineering method. The author has studied rigidity contribution of wall and the ratio of bearing force increasement to frame. The equivalent brace is substituted for in filled masonry wall and is compared with the existing method. The results are as follows. 1. When masonry Wall and frame interacts each other, horizontal rigidity of frame increases remarkably. 2. When the ratio of length/height (L/H) of masonry wall become larger, horizontal rigidity increases, deflection decrease by the equivalent diagonal strut. 3. In case the ratio of length/height (L/H) below 0.5, the establishment of girder at an interval of H/2 effects in increasement of horizontal rigidity of frame.

외고정 장치를 이용한 경골 원위부 개방성 분쇄골절의 치료

이병호,하상호,김경호 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.1

Background and Objectives : To assess the clinical results of the open comminuted distal tibia fractures managed with two types of external fixators. Materials and Method : Thirty-nine patients, who were treated with Ilizarov (n=23) or Orthofix (n=16), were classified according to the AO classification: 8 B2; 9 B3; 5 C2; 10 C3. The average follow-up periods were 22 months. The clinical results were compared between the two types of external fixators based on the fracture pattern, severity of soft tissue injury, union rate, and complications. Results : The bony union rates were 65.2%(15/23) in Ilizarov external fixator group without secondary procedure, 25%(4/16) in Orthofix group without secondary procedure, and 87.5%(7/8) in Ilizarov group with secondary procedure, and 83.3%(10/12) in Orthofix group with secondary procedure. The incidence of complications was 52.2%(12/23) in Ilizarov group and 56.3%(9/16) in Orthofix group. Conclusion : Ilizarov external fixator is considered as a more useful method for treating the open comminuted distal tibia fractures of the adult compared with Orthofix external fixator. However, careful intraoperative management needs to avoid angular instability which can occur in Ilizarov method.

공동탐사 시스템의 비교에 관한 연구

이호재,조병서,허웅,김현중 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1995 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.14 No.-

In this study, we report the characteristics of three Kinds of Radar Exploration Systems, which are used in geological cavity detection, for effective use. The systems are RAMAC, PEMSS and KAIST CW. We repeated measurements each system for same geological model. The AMAC System has a unique capability in finding fracture zones from the reflected waves, and represents the cavity as a hyperbola because the cavity responds as a point source. In the PEMSS systems the relative velocity and attenuation of the electromagnetic wave which varies by geological medium represents geological structures. The main merit of the PEMSS system is cavity localization. The location of the cavity is determined the depths of cavity signals in each offset data. The KAIST CW system also detects a cavity from the attenuation pattern of continuous waves. This uses the phenomenon of 180'phase change of the wave when it propagates the cavity, producing the high attenuation at that point. Our study shows that the RAMAC is suitable in cavity scanning, the PEMSS is adaptive in precise geology exploration, and KAIST CW is best in cavity detection.

ISO 9000의 추진동기 및 품질요건 이행이 기업성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 국내 전기ㆍ전자 제조업을 중심으로 In Electronic and Electric Manufacturing Industry

이병찬,김승호,김정우 한국의사결정학회 1998 경영과학연구 Vol.7 No.-

The objective of this study is to examine the influence factors for successive performance of ISO 9000. Especially we focus to propelling motives and quality requirements in certifying ISO 9000. The data for empirical test was gathered from the obtaining firms of ISO 9000 quality certification among electronic and electric manufacturing industry. The results of empirical study suggested that there is significant positive impact competitive advantage motive to quality requirement enforcement. And we found that quality management system establishment, employee's perception and behavior change about quality were impacted very strong to competitive advantage motive and quality improvement requirement enforcement. But competition improvement was impacted to customer claim motive very strong. Also we investigated the problems in certification obtaining progress, post-operational management, and the ISO regulation & system. The result appeared very important factors to overloading of worker in certification obtaining progress, less participation of company-wide employee in post-operational management, and much maintaining cost in the ISO regulation & system.