The Role of Skeletal Muscle Mass in Development of Metabolic Syndrome

( Byung Sam Park ),( Jun Sung Moon ),( Ji Sung Yoon ),( Kyu Chang Won ),( Hyoung Woo Lee ) 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2013 No.1

Introduction: It has been well known that abdominal adiposity is related with insulin resistance and greater risk of metabolic disorder. Skeletal muscle plays central role in insulin mediated glucose disposal of whole body, but we only know a little about the association between skeletal muscle mass and MetS (MetS). The aim of this study is to clarify the clinical role of skeletal muscle mass in developing MetS through using skeletal muscle parameters by body impedance analysis (BIA). Methods: 1,042 healthy adults aged from 20 to 75 years who visited Yeungnam university health promotion center from Jun. 2008 to Jun. 2010 were enrolled. 204 subjects who had prior MetS or chronic disease that can affect to skeletal muscle mass were excluded. After 24 months from baseline, the metabolic parameters were assessed and the development of MetS was diagnosed using modified NCEP-ATP III criteria. From the BIA (Inbody 720), we obtained skeletal muscle mass (SMM, Kg), body fat mass (BFM, Kg), and visceral fat area (VFA, cm2). Then, we had defined as follows; percent of skeletal muscle mass (SMM%, %): SMM (kg)/weight (Kg), skeletal muscle index (SMI, Kg/m2): SMM (Kg)/height (m)2, skeletal muscle to body fat ratio (MFR): SMM (kg)/BFM (Kg) and skeletal muscle to visceral fat ratio (SVR, Kg/cm2): SMM (Kg)/VFA (cm2) Results: Mean follow up periods were 28.7±5.4 months. Among total 838 subjects (46.9±9.9 years, M:F=477:361), 88 (10.5%) were newly diagnosed MetS. 5th quintile of the SMM%, MFR and SVR was associated with decreased risk of development of MetS after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusion: Decreased skeletal muscle mass may play critical role in development of the MetS and not absolute amount of skeletal muscle mass but relative ratio to body composition may be more important.

개에서 이중 결찰법을 통한 동맥관 개존증의 완치 예

윤헌영,정순욱,박희명,박철,정만복,김준영,한현정,황민,노병국,박상혁,장하영,박정윤 한국임상수의학회 2004 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

A ten months old, female Yorkshire terrier weighing 2.88 kg referred to veterinary teaching hospital of college of veterinary medicine, Konkuk University because of syncope, cough and dyspnea. First hematological and serum chemical test revealed thrombocytopenia, mild anemia, and increase of concentration of ALP (195 U/L). On 57 days later, second hematological and serum chemical test revealed polycythemia, increase of concentration of ALP (211 U/L), and Tchol (387 mg/dl). Right atrium enlargement, main pulmonary artery bulge and cardiomegaly (VHS = 11.5) were observed in radiographic findings. Ultrasonographic images showed both right and left ventricular dilation and turbulent flow between the descending aorta and the main pulmonary artery in color Doppler imaging. ECG showed left ventricular enlargement, SA block, and electrical alternant. Thoracotomy was performed through left fourth intercostal incision under isoflurane anesthesia. Patent ductus arteriosus was double ligated with 1-0 silk. Cough and dyspnea disappeared on 5 days after operation. Turbulent flow was not found in color doppler imaging of ultrasonography on 10 days after operation. Ten months later after the operation, syncope could not exist any more.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

비디오테이프 KR이 테니스 첫 서비스 수행과 자기효능감에 미치는 영향

박기용,박영명,박병규,백인준 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Video Tape KR on First Serve Performance and self-efficacy. The 16 subjects were intentionally assigned to 2 different conditions groups : 8 involved in Video Tape KR A group(experimental group 1), and 8 involved in control group. Each experimental group participated in Video Tape KR A group and B group for 5 weeks. The experimental task was First Serve Performance. The experimental instruments were Video Tape KR A, and self-efficacy questionnaires. The Video Tape KR suitable for tennis was comprised of general instructions, t-test was conducted to test the data. The conclusions are as followings: 1. The Video Tape KR has an affirmative influence upon First Serve performance. 2. The Video Tape KR has an influence upon self-efficacy. 3. The Video Tape KR has an influence upon First Serve performance and self-efficacy.

中小企業의 外部技術源泉 利用特性에 關한 硏究

朴俊柄 大田産業大學校 1994 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.11 No.0202

To be innovative, Small & Medium-sized Firms(SMFs) must cooperate with External Sources of Technology(EST). But each sources are so different in technological characteristics that SMFs have many difficulties in using these sources. And so, the research is needed on the relationship between SMFs and EST. This paper seeks specifically to respond to the following questions. (a) Under what circumstances do different kinds of external sources seem to fuction more effectively to SMFs, and what kinds of technological services are provided? (b) How useful each technological services provided by EST are to enforce SMF's technological capabilities supporting the technological supports, what benefits does SMFs. (c) In suing EST's technological supports, what benefits does SMF have, and what problems en- counter with? The overall objectives of the research is to identify characteristics of SMF-EST interactions, and methods of interaction which contribute to the successful technological performance of SMFs.

五生丸의 抗癎疾性 效果에 대한 實驗的 硏究

朴映俊,成彊慶,文炳淳 한국전통의학연구소 1998 한국전통의학지 Vol.8 No.1

이 실험은 음간의 치료방으로 사용되는 오생환의 진경효과, 강온효과, 진통효과, 진정효과 및 GABAergic system에 미치는 영향 등을 조사하기 위해 실험용 마우스에 오생환 추출액을 경구 투여하여 아래와 같은 실험결과를 얻었다. 1 오생환 추출액은 strychine에 의해 유발된 경련의 유발 시간을 연장시켰다. 2. 오생환 추출액은 EeTunit의 전기충격에 의해 유발된 경련으로 인한 사망시간을 연장시켰다. 3. 오생환 추출액은 정상체온 및 endotoxin에 의해 유발된 발열에 대해 강온효과가 없었다. 4. 오생환 추출액은 acetic acid 주입에 의한 진통실험에서 writhing syndrome의 횟수를 감소시켰다. 5. 오생환 추출액은 자발운동을 감소시켰다. 6. 오생환 추출액은 뇌의 GABA-T의 활성도를 감소시켰다. 7. 오생환 추출액은 뇌의 GABA 활성농도를 증가시켰다. 8. 오생환 추출액은 뇌의 GAD 활성도를 증가시켰다. This study has been carried out to investigate the effects of Osaenghwan(OSW) extracts on anti-convulsive, antipyretic, analgesic, sedative and GABAergic system of experimental animals. The results of this study were as follows: 1. OSW extract prolonged significantly the beginning time to convulsion and death induced by strychnine. 2. OSW extract prolonged significantly the time to death induced by electrical shock of ECT unit.(3 sec, 200 F, 25 mA) 3. On the experiment of hypothermic effects of OSW extract on the rectal temperature of mice, OSW extract did not decrease significantly the rectal temperature of mice. 4. On the experiment of antipyretic effects of OSW extract on the febrile induced by the subcutaneous injection of 150 ㎍/㎏ endotoxin in mice, OSW extract decreased significantly the rectal temperature of mice. 5. On the experiment of analgesic effects of OSW extract on the writhing syndrome induced by intraperitoneal injection 0.7% acetic acid 1 ml/1oog in mice. the writhing syndrome induced by acetic acid was reduced significantly by administration of OSW extract. 6. On the experiment of effects of OSW extract on spontaneous motor activity measured by wheel cage method in mice, the spontaneous motor activity was reduced significantly by administration of OSW extract. 7. On the experiment of effects of OSW extract on the activity of GABA - transaminase (GABA-T) in mouse brains after 21 days of oral administration of OSW extract, the activity of GABA-T was reduced significantly by administration of OSW extract. 8. On the experiment of effects of OSW extract on the activity concentration of GABA in mouse brain after 21 days of oral administration of OSW extract, the activity concentration of GABA was reduced significantly by administration of OSW extract. 9. On the experiment of effect of OSW water extract on the activity of GAD in mouse brain after 21 days of oral administration of OSW extract, the activity of GAD was reduced significantly by administration of OSW extract. According to the these results, Osaengwhan extracts reveal the effects on the anti-convulsive, antipyretic, analgesic, sedative and GABAergic system.

한국 제조기업의 품질경영 발전단계와 특성

박준병 大田産業大學校 1999 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.16 No.1

解放供託金의 法的 性質과 權利行使 方法에 관한 硏究

朴相晧,全秉翼,柳在喆 東義大學校 法政硏究所 1998 공공정책연구 Vol.14 No.-

ZnS:Cu,Cl형광체의 제조와 발광특성

박조용,한상도,김병권,정영호,S. P. Khatkar,Liang, Yu Jun 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 2002 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.13 No.1

중금속오염을 고려한 온산만 조간대 및 아조대의 무척추동물 군집분석

박중기,이인숙,박경숙,송준임,최병래,노분조 이화여자대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 이화환경연구 Vol.1 No.-

한국 동해연안의 하나인 온산만 지역의 해양오염 실태를 파악하기 위해 저서동물 군집구조에 대한 정성, 정량적 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 조사지역별 습중량-개체수의 누적 κ-dominance curve 변화양상을 근거로 판단해 분석한 결과, 온산만의 내만에 위치한 춘도는 여름, 겨울 오후에 ()어서 오염지역으로, 대조군인 당사는 비오염지역,()각각 판정되었다. 이외에도 조사지역별 출현() () 있어서 대조구인 당사지역에 비해 춘도의 생물상이 ()대적으로 빈약하였으며 연체류중 패각만 채집된 ()에 있어서도 각각 춘도에서 16종, 당사에서는 (0로 커다란 차이를 나타내었다. 온산만에 대한 이러한 저서동물 군집결과는 이 주변의 비철금속 및 석유화학 공업단지로부터 ()입된 중금속으로 인하여 해수 및 생물농축량이 누적됨으로써 나타나는 중금속의 높은 농도와 관련이 있을 것으로 추측된다. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of macrozoobenthic communities sampled from Onsan bay of the eastern coast of Korea were conducted, in this study, to investigate the status of marine pollution. In each survey site, judging from the results of the combined κ-dominance curve for species biomass and individual numbers, it may be assessed that Chundo island, located in innerside of Onsan bay, was in the state of polluted condition both in the summar and winter seasons; on the other hand, Tangsa, the control site of this study, was in the state of unpolluted condition. The species composition of the Chundo island, in addition, was rather lower than that of the Tangsa in richness and showed critical differences with the control site in the number of molluscan species collected as dead shell(16 spp. from Chundo island; 2spp. from Tangsa respectively) It is inferred that the resultant macrozoobenthic community structure of the Onsan bay was related to the high concentration of heavy metals in seawater and bioaccumulation, attributed to the influx of the heavy metals from the surroundings, the nonferrous and the petrochemical industrial complex.