서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1997)

김재홍,문득곤,김정수,김용준,임동진,박상훈,김희성,이민수,송기훈,김갑형,김형석,성소영,이인섭,김석우,황지환,조창근,김경문,부태성 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods : For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results : In 1997. 99 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 45(45.5%) were PPNG. Conclusion : The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 45.5% in 1997.

Focal adhesion kinase and src expression in premalignant and malignant skin lesions

( Ju Yeon Choi ),( Jae Yun Lim ),( Han Saem Kim ),( Jung Min ),( Jung In Kim ),( Hyun Min Seo ),( Sang Hyeon Hwang ),( Chong Won Choi ),( Yoon Hwan Kim ),( Jin Hee Sohn ),( Hyunjoo Lee ),( Won Serk Ki 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2

Background: Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Src are non-receptor tyrosine kinases. FAK and Src play a critical role in inducing malignant transformation in tumor cells. Objectives: We performed immunohistochemical staining for total and phosphorylated forms of FAK and Src, to evaluate the role of FAK and Src in the development of premalignant and malignant skin lesions. Methods: A total of 59 facial skin samples (30 actinic keratoses, 10 Bowen``s diseases, 13 squamous cell carcinomas and six perilesional skins) were immunohistochemically stained for Ki-67, total (t) and phosphorylated (p) form of FAK and Src. Methods: A total of 59 facial skin samples (30 actinic keratoses, 10 Bowen``s diseases, 13 squamous cell carcinomas and six perilesional skins) were immunohistochemically stained for Ki-67, total (t) and phosphorylated (p) form of FAK and Src. Results: Cells positive for t-Src, p-Src-y530, t-FAK and pFAK-s722 were detected in premalignant intra-epithelial lesions (PELs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), but not in the perilesional skin. There was a tendency towards high correlation between Ki-67 and t-FAK or pFAK-s722, suggestive of the active role of FAK in cell proliferation. Conclusion: Our findings of higher t-Src and p-Src-y530 positive cells in PELs, as compared to SCCs (with higher Ki-67 level), are suggestive of the other role of Src in tumor formation and progression, which requires further investigation.

Systemic administration of low dosage of tetanus toxin decreases cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the mouse hippocampal dentate gyrus

Bing Chun Yan,In Hye Kim,Joon Ha Park,Ji Hyeon Ahn,Jeong-Hwi Cho,Bai Hui Chen,Jae-Chul Lee,Jung Hoon Choi,Ki-Yeon Yoo,Choong Hyun Lee,Jun Hwi Cho,Jong-Dai Kim,Moo-Ho Won 한국실험동물학회 2013 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.29 No.3

In the present study, we investigated the effect of Tetaus toxin (TeT) on cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation using specific markers: 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) as an exogenous marker for cell proliferation, Ki-67 as an endogenous marker for cell proliferation and doublecortin (DCX) as a marker for neuroblasts in the mouse hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) after TeT treatment. Mice were intraperitoneally administered 2.5 and 10 ng/kg TeT and sacrificed 15 days after the treatment. In both the TeT-treated groups, no neuronal death occurred in any layers of the DG using neuronal nuclei (NeuN, a neuron nuclei maker) and Fluoro-Jade B (F-J B, a high-affinity fluorescent marker for the localization of neuronal degeneration). In addition, no significant change in glial activation in both the 2.5 and 10 ng/kg TeT-treated-groups was found by GFAP (a marker for astrocytes) and Iba-1 (a marker for microglia) immunohistochemistry. However, in the 2.5 ng/kg TeT-treated-group, the mean number of BrdU, Ki-67 and DCX immunoreactive cells, respectively, were apparently decreased compared to the control group, and the mean number of each in the 10 ng/kg TeT-treated-group was much more decreased. In addition, processes of DCX-immunoreactive cells, which projected into the molecular layer, were short compared to those in the control group. In brief, our present results show that low dosage (10 ng/kg) TeT treatment apparently decreased cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the mouse hippocampal DG without distinct gliosis as well as any loss of adult neurons.

상행성 운동마비와 보행 실조로 발현한 비전신성 혈관염성 신경병증 1예

김현석,김성민,권기한,이병철,신준현,강인수 대한노인병학회 1999 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.3 No.4

전산화단층사진을 이용한 하악골 3차원 영상에서 비대칭진단 계측항목의 재현도에 관한 연구

김고운,김재형,이기헌,황현식 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.38 No.5

본 연구는 하악골 3차원 입체영상에서 비대칭계측항목들의 재현도 비교를 통하여 안면비대칭 진단 시 유용한 계측점 설정에 도움이 되고자 시행되었다. 40명의 두경부 전산화단층사진을 이용하여 생성한 3차원 영상에서 하악골 형태를 결정짓는 부위로 하악과두, 하악우각부, 하악정중부를 선택하고 각 부위의 세부위치에 따라, 그리고 측정 시 보는 각도에 따라 구분하여 하악과두의 경우 Cd_(sup_sup) 등 6개, 하악우각부의 경우 Go_(inf_lat) 등 10개, 하악정중부의 경우 Me_(ant), Me_(inf) 등 총 18개의 계측점을 설정한 후 이를 이용하여 하악골 비대칭 시 좌우 차이를 보일 수 있는 25개의 계측항목을 설정 및 계측한 후 조사자간 및 조사자내의 재현도를 비교 평가하였다. 조사자간 재현도의 경우 25개의 계측항목 중 3개를 제외한 모든 계측항목에서, 조사자내 재현도의 경우 2개 항목을 제외한 모든 계측항목에서 높은 재현도를 보였다. 아울러 본 연구에서 설정한 18개의 계측점 중 Go_(mid_lat), Go_(mid_obl)가 포함된 계측항목이 조사자간 및 조사자내 재현도가 떨어지는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 연구 결과 본 연구에서 사용된 18개의 계측점 중 16개의 계측점(과두를 나타내는 Cd_(sup_sup), Cd_(lat_ant), Cd_(lat_lat), Cd_(post_lat), Cd_(post_post), S, 하악우각부를 나타내는 Go_(inf_lat), Go_(inf_inf), Go_(lat_ant),Go_(lat_lat), Go_(post_lat), Go_(post_post), Ag_(lat), Ag_(inf), 하악정중부를 나타내는 Me_(ant), Me_(inf))은 높은 재현도를 보이므로 전산화단층사진을 이용한 하악골 3차원 영상에서 안면비대칭 환자의 진단에 유용하게 사용될 수 있음을 시사하였다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of measurements representing asymmetry of the mandible and to identify which landmarks would be more useful in 3-dimensional (3D) CT imaging. Methods: Facial CT images were obtained from forty normal occlusion individuals. Eighteen landmarks were established from the condyle, gonion, and menton areas, and 25 measurements were constructed to represent asymmetry of the mandible; 8 for ramus length, 12 for mandibular body length, 1 for condylar neck length, 2 for frontal ramal inclination, and 2 for lateral ramal inclination. Inter- and intra-examiner reproducibility of the measurements was evaluated. Results: Inter-examiner reproducibility of the measurements proved to be high except for 3 measurements. Intra-examiner reproducibility also proved to be high except for 2 measurements. Interand intra-examiner reproducibility of the measurements including Gonion proved to be low. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that the landmarks and measurements constructed in 3D CT images can be used for the diagnosis of facial asymmetry.

레트로바이러스의 표면단백질 : 인슐린의존형 당뇨병의 동물모델인 NOD 쥐의 혈청과 반응하는 새로운 자가항원 A New Autoantigen Reactive with Non Obese Diabetic (NOD) Mice Sera

김경수,김기환,김현만,윤지원,강엽 아주대학교 1997 아주의학 Vol.2 No.2

IDDM (Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus) is believed to be an autoimmune disease and characterized by the immune activation against insulin-producing pancreatic beta cell. The identification and characterization of new autoantigens reactive with an activated immune System would heip to elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of this disease. Several autoantigens are trying to apply for diagnosis and prevention of IDDM. The NOD (non obese diabetic) mice have been the best model for studying the pathogenesis of human IDDM. To identify new autoantigens reactive with activated humoral immunity of NOD mice, the lambda gt11 cDNA library was constructed from NOD-derived pancreatic beta cell (MIN6N8a: mouse insulinoma cell) and screened with prediabetic NOD sera. Mine positive dones were selected from 2x10^(5) phage plaques. The 5'-end sequencing and homology searching showed that six clones from nine clones had over 98% sequence homolgy with the retroviral envelope gene. Full sequendng reveated that the cloned gene was a fragment of ecotropic retrovirus (emv-3) envelope gene. To confirm the immunoreactivity of doned retroviral envelope protein, the cloned gene fragment was expressed in an E.coli expression vector System. Western blotting showed that the recombinant envelope protein fragment also reacted with prediabetic NOD sera.

저혈청 배지에서 인간 전골수세포(HL-60)를 이용한 tPA 생산과 세포사멸기작에 관한 연구

김현구,성기돈,김태호,안주희,함문선,박진서,이현용 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.1

tPA 생산과 세포 사멸의 연구를 하기 위해서 인간 전골수세포가 배양되었다. 연속 관류 배양하에서 최대 tPA 생산량은 324 ng/ml이며 최대 세포 농도는 5.27×10 exp (6) cells/ml였다. Phorbol ester를 넣었을 때 tPA 생산량은 420 ng/ml까지 향상되었다. 형광 현미경으로 관찰했을 때, apoptosis는 세포 배양 초기부터 중반까지 우세했고 빠른 교반 속도에서도 우세했다. 그러나 necrosis는 세포배양 말기와 동결된 세포가 해동 되었을 때 우세했다. HL-60 was cultivated to produce tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) and study the mechanism of cell death. Maximum cell density and tPA production were obtained as 5.27×10 exp (6) cells/ml and 324 ng/ml, respectively under perfusion cultivation. tPA production was enhanced to 420 ng/ml in adding 160 nM of phorbol ester. The cells were gradually differentiated to granulocytes rather than proliferation. By Fluorescent microscope, apoptosis was prevailed except the death phase and in high agitation speed, but necrosis was prevailed in thawed cells and during the latter periods of the cultivation. It was also proved that tPA was most produced in apoptosis. To obtain higher tPA productivity, the cells must be maintained in apoptosis, not necrosis phase when the cells were dying.

안면비대칭자의 3차원 전산단층사진 분석에서 경·연조직간 비대칭 정도 차이

김왕식,이기헌,황현식 대한치과교정학회 2005 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.35 No.3

본 연구는 안면비대칭 환자에서 경조직의 비대칭 정도와 연조직 비대칭 정도의 차이를 3차원적으로 밝히고자 시행되었다. 안면비대칭으로 보이는 성인 남녀 34명을 대상으로 두경부 전산단층사진을 촬영하고 3차원 입체영상으로 재구성한 후 기준평면에 대해 비대칭을 나타내는 6개의 계측항목을 경조직에 설정하고, 이에 대응하는 연조직계측항목을 각각 설정한 후 3차원 계측을 시행하고 경조직과 연조직의 계측항목간 차이를 비교하였다. 이부편위측과 반대측간의 계측치 차이를 비교한 결과, 경조직과 연조직 모두에서 좌우측 계측치관에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 관찰되었으며 경조직과 연조직의 비대칭 계측항목을 비교한 결과. 0개의 계측항목 모두에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 이부편위를 나타내는 chin deviation, 하악지와 하악골체를 나타내는 frontal ramal inclination difference. frontal corpus inclination difference 항목은 경조직의 비대칭 정도에 비하여 연조직 비대칭정도가 작게 나타난 반면, 입술경사를 나타내는 lip cheilion height difference. lip canting은 maxillary height difference, occlusal plane canting보다 크게 나타나 입술부위의 비대칭 정도는 하부 경조직의 비대칭정도보다 큰 것으로 나타났다. 안면비대칭자에서 경조직과 연조직간 비대칭 정도 차이를 규명한 본 연구 결과는안면비대칭 평가 시 경조직 외에 연조직 계측항목을 이용한 비대칭 분석도 필요함을 시사하였다. The purpose of this study was to compare the asymmetric degree between maxillofacial hard and soft tissues in individuals with facial asymmetry. Computerized tomographies (CT) of 34 adults (17 male, 17 female) who had facial asymmetry were taken. The CT images were transmitted to personal computers and then reconstructed into three-dimensional (3D) images through the use of computer software. In order to evaluate the degree of facial asymmetry, 6 measurements were constructed as the hard tissue measurements while 6 counterpart measurements were taken as the soft tissue measurements. The means and standard deviations were obtained for each measurement using 3D measure, then t-test was used to investigate the differences between each hard tissue measurement and the corresponding soft tissue measurement. All measurements used in the present study showed statistically significant differences between the hard and soft tissues. The degree of soft tissue asymmetry was smaller than that of corresponding hard tissue asymmetry in case of chin deviation, frontal ramal inclination difference, and frontal corpus inclination difference. On the other hand, the degree of soft tissue asymmetry was greater than that of underlying hard tissue asymmetry in the measurement of lip canting and lip cheilion height difference. The present study suggests that asymmetric differences of hard and soft tissue is observed in facial asymmetric subjects, and thus soft tissue analysis is needed in addition to hard tissue analysis when making an evaluation of facial asymmetry.

분만 전·후 사료급여 형태가 젖소의 생산성에 미치는 영향

기광석,김현섭,이왕식,이현준,김상범,정하연,은정식,김용국 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2007 농업과학연구 Vol.34 No.2

This experiment was carried out to protect drops of feed intake should be plural prepartum and postpartum to reduce metabolic diseases after calving to know how feeding systems, which is divided as a low quility, a high quility and total mixed rations(TMR), affects on postpartum productivity of Holistein cows. Three diets (low or high quality forage separately fed with concentrate and TMR containing high quality roughage) were fed to 21 cows from 3 weeks prepartum to 8 weeks postpartum to examine their effects on the productivity of cows. DM intakes was noticed significantly higher with TMR (17.11kg/day) than low- quality (13.48 kg/day) and high-quality forage (13.10kg/day). TDN and CP intakes were also higher with TMR compared to other experimental diets. Mean daily milk yield was non-significant among the cows fed different diets. Blood non-esterified fatty acids(NEFA) content was higher in cows fed low-quality or high-quality forage separately with concentrate compared with those fed TMR. The results concluded that TMR feeding to transitional cows is better than feeding the low or high quality forage separately for their health and productivity. 본 시험은 분만 전 3주부터 분만 후 3주까지 전환기라고 지칭되는 시기의 젖소들에 대한 대사적 변화를 최소화하기 위한 방법으로 사료 섭취량 저하를 방지하고 분만 후 대사성 질병의 발생을 줄이기 위한 목적으로 수행되어졌다. 대사성 질병에 관여하는 주요 요인으로는 건물섭취량, 혈중 glucose 함량, NEFA 함량, 반추위 환경, 면역 등인데, 분만 전·후 Holstein 젖소에 사료급여 형태를 조·농분리(저질 조사료와 양질 조사료 급여구) 및 TMR로 다르게 하였을 때 사료섭취량 변화와 혈중 NEFA 및 glucose 함량 변화를 측정하고 분만 후 젖소의 생산성에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 처리별 사료건물 섭취량은 저질 조사료 조·농 분리, 양질조사료 조·농 분리, TMR 급여구에서 각각 13.48, 13.10, 17.11kg으로 TMR 급여구에서 유의성 있게 높았으며(P〈0.05), TDN 섭취량은 처리구별 각각 7.35, 7.19, 5.66kg으로 처리간에 차이가 없었다(P〉0.05). 신체충실지수(BCS)는 저질조사료구에서는 3.03이였으며, 양질 조사료구와 TMR 급여구에서는 각각 3.19, 3.16이었다. 분만후 1주부터 5주까지 측정한 평균 산유량은 저질조사료 조·농 분리, 양질 조사료 조·농 분리, TMR 급여구에서 각각 34.1, 35.1, 35.6kg 였으며, 분만 후 4∼5주에 최고 비유기에 달했다. 처리별 평균 유지율은 저질 조사료 조·농 분리, 양질 조사료 조·농 분리, TMR 급여구에서 각각 3.74, 3.68, 3.95%였다. 혈청내 NEFA 함량은 저질 조사료 조·농 분리, 양질 조사료 조·농 분리, TMR 급여구에서 각각 744.4, 381.8,266.7μEq/L로 처리간에 큰 차이를 보여 양질 조사료 급여와 TMR 급여시 혈중 NEFA 함량이 저질 조사료 급여에 이해 유의성 있게 낮았다(P〈0.05). 혈청내 glucose함량은 저질조사료 및 양질 조사료 조·농 분리, TMR 급여구에서 각각 39.3, 56.3, 62.4mg/dl로 양질 조사료 급여와 TMR 급여시 혈중 glucose 함량이 저질 조사료급여에 비해 유의성 있게 높았다(P〈0.05). 이상의 결과들을 종합해 볼 때, 분만 전 3주부터 분만 후 3주까지의 전환기 동안 사료섭취량 증가와 대사성 질병의 지표로서 혈중 NEFA 및glucose 함량 변화를 살펴 본 결과 분만 전 3주부터는 양질의 조사료나 TMR 형태로 급여하는 것이 사료섭취량 증가와 대사성 질병의 발생을 감소시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.

조선산업에서의 블록 배량계획과 일정계획에 관한 연구

김기동,전인우,김태현 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2002 産業技術硏究 Vol.22 No.B

The shipbuilding scheduling has many possible alternatives because of its long time horizon and a lot of jobs, so it is required that the scheduling system can generate and search feasible alternatives rapidly. The scheduling in the assembly shop is initiated by allocating, namely loading, the assembly blocks to each shop. In this step, the resource capacities (such as available man/hour, available crane) of each shop must be considered. The result of loading without above consideration can make the scheduling result based on that infeasible or worse one. In this paper, we developed the optimal scheduling system of shipbuilding, specifically for loading and scheduling of assembly block, using ILOG Solver/Scheduler. ILOG Solver/Scheduler is a general-purposed commercial software which supports to find a feasible or optimal solution using object oriented technique and constraints satisfaction programming, given constraints and objectives. Also, in order to enhance the system performance, we conducted various experiments of ILOG search strategies. The experimental results showed that the impact of search strategies is significant.