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Increased immunoreactivity of c???Fos in the spinal cord of the aged mouse and dog.
Ahn, Ji Hyeon,Shin, Myoung Chul,Park, Joon Ha,Kim, In Hye,Lee, Jae-Chul,Yan, Bing Chun,Hwang, In Koo,Moon, Seung Myung,Ahn, Ji Yun,Ohk, Taek Geun,Lee, Tae Hun,Cho, Jun Hwi,Shin, Hyung-Cheul,Won, Moo-H SPANDIDOS PUBLICATIONS 2015 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.11 No.2
<P>Expression of c-Fos in the spinal cord following nociceptive stimulation is considered to be a neurotoxic biomarker. In the present study, the immunoreactivity of c-Fos in the spinal cord was compared between young adult (2-3 years in dogs and 6 months in mice) and aged (10-12 years in dogs and 24 months in mice) Beagle dogs and C57BL/6J mice. In addition, changes to neuronal distribution and damage to the spinal cord were also investigated. There were no significant differences in neuronal loss or degeneration of the spinal neurons observed in either the aged dogs or mice. Weak c-Fos immunoreactivity was observed in the spinal neurons of the young adult animals; however, c-Fos immunoreactivity was markedly increased in the nuclei of spinal neurons in the aged dogs and mice, as compared with that of the young adults. In conclusion, c-Fos immunoreactivity was significantly increased without any accompanying neuronal loss in the aged spinal cord of mice and dogs, as compared with the spinal cords of the young adult animals.</P>
Scientific Comparison Study on the Joseon Dynasty Palace Roof Tiles and Modern Handmade Roof Tiles
Ahn, Kyoung Suk,Lee, Min Hye,Kim, Ji Hye,Ha, Ji Hyang,Jang, Won Jin,Kim, Du Hyeon,Jeong, Ji Youn,Han, Min Su The Korean Society Of Conservation Science For Cul 2021 보존과학회지 Vol.37 No.1
The purpose of this study is to scientifically analyze physicochemical characteristics of the roof tiles used for palaces in the Joseon Dynasty which stored in Changdeokgung material storage and Seooreung Jaesil and the modern handmade ones which made by N company to understand the differences between their manufacturing techniques. Through chromaticity, cross-sectional observation, component analysis, and crystal structure analysis, it was possible to confirm the physicochemical properties and fired properties of the roof tile. Roof tiles from the Joseon Dynasty have a wider colorimetric range and higher apparent porosity and water absorption, on average, than the modern roof tiles. The cross section of the Joseon Dynasty roof tiles shows that most clay minerals have not been vitrified, remaining in the form of atypical particles, while the modern roof tiles have denser clay materials. X-ray diffraction analysis identified low-temperature minerals such as micas in Joseon roof tiles but no peak of these minerals was observed in the modern roof tiles, implying that the modern ones are fired at higher temperature than the Joseon ones. Therefore, the modern roof tiles are fired at higher temperature and have higher density than the Joseon ones due to the use of pugmills. The general content of main ingredients was similar between the two. Additionally, the principal component analysis of trace elements in the Joseon roof tiles showed that most samples were from similar areas. It seems that the Joseon roof tiles were manufactured using soils supplied from a specific region at the same timeframe and their consistency in the content of principal components implies that they also have similar mix proportions of clay.
Ahn, Ji Hyeon,Park, Joon Ha,Yan, Bing Chun,Lee, Jae-Chul,Choi, Jung Hoon,Lee, Choong Hyun,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Hwang, In Koo,Kim, Jin Sang,Shin, Hyung-Cheul,Won, Moo-Ho Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2013 Cellular and molecular neurobiology Vol.33 No.1
<P>Alpha-synuclein (α-syn), as a neuroprotein, is expressed in neural tissue, and it is related to a synaptic transmission and neuronal plasticity. In this study, we compared the distribution and immunoreactivity of α-syn and related gliosis in hippocampus between young adult (2-3?years) and aged (10-12?years) beagle dogs. In both groups, α-syn immunoreactivity was detected in neuropil of all the hippocampal sub-regions, but not in neuronal somata. In the aged hippocampus, α-syn immunoreactivity was apparently increased in mossy fibers compared to that in the adult dog. In addition, α-syn protein level was markedly increased in the aged hippocampus. On the other hand, GFAP and Iba-1 immunoreactivity in astrocytes and microglia, respectively, were increased in all the hippocampal sub-regions of the aged group compared to that in the adult group: especially, their immunoreactivity was apparently increased around mossy fibers. In addition, in this study, we could not find any expression of α-syn in astrocytes and microglia. These results indicate that α-syn immunoreactivity apparently increases in the aged hippocampus and that GFAP and Iba-1 immunoreactivity are also apparently increased at the regions with increased α-syn immunoreactivity. This increase in α-syn expression might be a feature of normal aging.</P>
Ahn, Ji Hyeon,Shin, Myoung Cheol,Kim, Dae Won,Kim, Hyunjung,Song, Minah,Lee, Tae-Kyeong,Lee, Jae-Chul,Kim, Hyeyoung,Cho, Jun Hwi,Kim, Young-Myeong,Kim, Jong-Dai,Choi, Soo Young,Won, Moo-Ho,Park, Joon MDPI 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.20 No.3
<P>Fucoidan, a natural sulfated polysaccharide, displays various biological activities including antioxidant properties. We examined the neuroprotective effect of fucoidan against transient global cerebral ischemia (tGCI) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese gerbils and its related mechanisms. Gerbils received HFD for 12 weeks and fucoidan (50 mg/kg) daily for the last 5 days during HFD exposure, and they were subjected to 5-min tGCI. Pyramidal cell death was observed only in the CA 1 area (CA1) of the hippocampus in non-obese gerbils 5 days after tGCI. However, in obese gerbils, pyramidal cell death in the CA1 and CA2/3 occurred at 2 days and 5 days, respectively, after tGCI. In the obese gerbils, oxidative stress indicators (dihydroethidium, 8-hydroxyguanine and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal) were significantly enhanced and antioxidant enzymes (SOD1 and SOD2) were significantly reduced in pre- and post-ischemic phases compared to the non-obese gerbils. Fucoidan treatment attenuated acceleration and exacerbation of tGCI-induced neuronal death in the CA1–3, showing that oxidative stress was significantly reduced, and antioxidant enzymes were significantly increased in pre- and post-ischemic phases. These findings indicate that pretreated fucoidan can relieve the acceleration and exacerbation of ischemic brain injury in an obese state via the attenuation of obesity-induced severe oxidative damage.</P>
Ahn, Ji Hyeon,Shin, Myoung Cheol,Park, Joon Ha,Kim, In Hye,Cho, Jeong-Hwi,Lee, Tae-Kyeong,Lee, Jae-Chul,Chen, Bai Hui,Shin, Bich Na,Tae, Hyun-Jin,Park, Jinseu,Choi, Soo Young,Lee, Yun Lyul,Kim, Dae Wo SPANDIDOS PUBLICATIONS 2017 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.15 No.6
<P>Therapeutic exercise is an integral component of the rehabilitation of patients who have suffered a stroke. The objective of the present study was to use immunohistochemistry to investigate the effects of post-ischemic exercise on neuronal damage or death and gliosis in the aged gerbil hippocampus following transient cerebral ischemia. Aged gerbils (male; age, 22–24 months) underwent ischemia and were subjected to treadmill exercise for 1 or 4 weeks. Neuronal death was detected in the stratum pyramidale of the hippocampal CA1 region and in the polymorphic layer of the dentate gyrus using cresyl violet and Fluoro-Jade B histofluorescence staining. No significant difference in neuronal death was identified following 1 or 4 weeks of post-ischemic treadmill exercise. However, post-ischemic treadmill exercise affected gliosis (the activation of astrocytes and microglia). Glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoreactive astrocytes and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1-immunoreactive microglia were activated in the CA1 and polymorphic layer of the dentate gyrus of the group without treadmill exercise. Conversely, 4 weeks of treadmill exercise significantly alleviated ischemia-induced astrocyte and microglial activation; however, 1 week of treadmill exercise did not alleviate gliosis. These findings suggest that long-term post-ischemic treadmill exercise following transient cerebral ischemia does not influence neuronal protection; however, it may effectively alleviate transient cerebral ischemia-induced astrocyte and microglial activation in the aged hippocampus.</P>
Whole pelvic intensity-modulated radiotherapy for high-risk prostate cancer: a preliminary report
Ji Hyeon Joo,Yeon Joo Kim,Young Seok Kim,Eun Kyung Choi,Jong Hoon Kim,Sang-wook Lee,Si Yeol Song,Sang Min Yoon,Su Ssan Kim,Jin-hong Park,Yuri Jeong,Hanjong Ahn,Choung-Soo Kim,Jae-Lyun Lee,Seung Do Ahn 대한방사선종양학회 2013 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.31 No.4
Purpose: To assess the clinical efficacy and toxicity of whole pelvic intensity-modulated radiotherapy (WP-IMRT) for high-risk prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: Patients with high-risk prostate cancer treated between 2008 and 2013 were reviewed. The study included patients who had undergone WP-IMRT with image guidance using electronic portal imaging devices and/or cone-beam computed tomography. The endorectal balloon was used in 93% of patients. Patients received either 46 Gy to the whole pelvis plus a boost of up to 76 Gy to the prostate in 2 Gy daily fractions, or 44 Gy to the whole pelvis plus a boost of up to 72.6 Gy to the prostate in 2.2 Gy fractions. Results: The study cohort included 70 patients, of whom 55 (78%) had a Gleason score of 8 to 10 and 50 (71%) had a prostate-specific antigen level > 20 ng/mL. The androgen deprivation therapy was combined in 62 patients. The biochemical failure-free survival rate was 86.7% at 2 years. Acute any grade gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicity rates were 47% and 73%, respectively. The actuarial rate of late grade 2 or worse toxicity at 2 years was 12.9% for GI, and 5.7% for GU with no late grade 4 toxicity. Conclusion: WP-IMRT was well tolerated with no severe acute or late toxicities, resulting in at least similar biochemical control to that of the historic control group with a small field. The long-term efficacy and toxicity will be assessed in the future, and a prospective randomized trial is needed to verify these findings.