정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

환경 가치지향에 따른 피해 지각 유형별 수업의 효과

손명희,남영숙,정재우 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.4

The education effect of environmental impact cognitive instruction on high school students was investigated. Environmental values of students could be classified into egocentric, social-altruistic and biospheric values like those of Schultz's three kinds of categories. The value distribution of students consists 44.7% of egocentric and biospheric value groups and 12.5% of social-altruistic value group, respectively. The environmental function such as knowledge and skill did not show remarkable differences between value groups. The environmental value only affected the attitude function. The biospheric value group had the higher attitude function than other value groups. The environmental impact cognitive instruction enhanced the environmental functions irrespective of the value group or instruction type. However, significant variables were different according to environmental functions. Environmental functions such as knowledge and skill were influenced by the instruction itself. The attitude function was dependent on instruction itself, value type and instruction type. The optimum application of the environmental impact cognitive instruction can be efficiently achieved through class division into egocentric value group and biospheric value group. Alternatively, the proper combination of instruction methods focused biospheric and egocentric impacts in a class can be recommended.

하악 제3대구치 발거 시기가 Ⅲ급 부정교합의 치료에 미치는 영향 : Effect of the lower third molar on the treatment of Class Ⅲ malocclusion

손명호,장영일 대한치과교정학회 2004 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.34 No.5

본 연구의 목적은 Ⅲ급 부정교합의 치료 시에 하악 제3대구치의 존재가 하악 치열의 원심 치군 이동(distal en masse movement) 및 치료 기간에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위한 것이다. 서울대학교병원 교정과에 내원하여 Ⅲ급 부정교합으로 진단을 받고, 이에 대한 교정 치료를 받은 36명(남자 9명, 여자 27명)을 선택하였다. 모든 환자는 제3대구치 이외의 다른 치아는 발거하지 않았다. 이를 하악 제 3대구치의 발거 시기에 따라 세 군으로 분류하였는데, 제1군은 하악 제 3대구치를 발거하지 않고 MEAW를 사용하여 치료를 종료한 12명이며, 제 2군은 MEAW 적용 후에 하악 제 3대구치를 발거한 8명, 제 3군은 MEAW를 적용하기 전에 하악 제3대구치를 발거한 16명이다. 각 환자들에 대하여. 전체 치료 기간 및 MEAW 적용 기간을 구하였으며, 치료 전 후의 측모 두부 계측 방사선 사진을 분석하였다. 각 군에 대한 치료 기간 및 치료 전 후의 변화를 ANOVA를 이용하여 통계 처리 하였으며. 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 전체 치료 기간은 각 군 사에 유의성 있는 차이가 없었으나, MEAW를 적용한 기간은 제 2군(MEAW 적용 후에 하악 제3대구치를 발거한 군)에서 가장 길었다. 제3군(MEAW를 적용하기 전에 하악 제3대구치를 발거한 군)에서, 치료 후에 형성된 overjet이 가장 컸다. 제3군(MEAW를 적용하기 전에 하악 제3대구치를 발거한 군)의 경우 치료 후에 IMPA가 감소화였으나, 제1군(하악 제3대구치를 발거하지 않고 치료를 종료한 군)과 제 2군(MEAW 적용 후에 하악 제3대구치를 발거한 군)에서는 IMPA가 증가하였다. 제2대구치의 원심 치체 이동량은 세 군 사이에 유의성 있는 차이가 없었으나, 원심 경사 이동량은 세 군 사이에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 제 2군, 제 3군, 제 1군의 순이었다. 따라서, MEAW를 적용하기 이전에 하악 제3대구치를 발거하는 것이 Ⅲ급 부정교합의 교정적 치료에 더 좋을 것으로 판단된다. 제 2군의 경우 하악골의 전방 회전 결과, 하악 평면각의 감소가 있었으며. 이러한 골격 변화가 치료 기간의 연장에 영향을 주었다고 판단된다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the lower third molar on treatment time and distal en masse movement of the lower dentition in Class Ⅲmalocclusions. Thirty subjects (9 males and 27 females) were selected, all of whom were diagnosed as Class Ⅲ malocclusion and treated by fixed appliances without premolar and/or molar extraction. They were divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of 12 subjects, whose lower third molars were not extracted during the whole orthodontic treatment. Group 2 consisted of 8 subjects, whose lower third molars were extracted after MEAW application and before removal of the orthodontic appliances. Group 3 consisted of 16 subjects, whose lower third molars were extracted before MEAW application. For each subject, overall treatment time and duration of MEAW application were determined. In addition, pre-treatment and post- treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs were analyzed. All data were processed statistically with ANOVA, and the conclusions were as follows: There was no significant difference among the groups in overall treatment time. However, duration of MEAW application was longer in Group 2 than in Group 1 or Group 3. The overjet that was established after orthodontic treatment was largest in Group 3, in which the lower third molars were extracted before MEAW application. After orthodontic treatment, IMPA decreased in Group 3, but increased in Group 1 and Group 2. There was no significant difference among the three groups in the translation of lower second molars. However, the tipping movement of lower second molars was significantly different, highest In Group 2 and lowest in Group 1. Therefore, it is thought to be better for the orthodontic treatment of Class Ⅲ malocclusions to extract the lower third molars before MEAW application. In Group 2, the mandibular plane angle was decreased as a result of forward rotation of the mandible. This skeletal change was thought to bring about the difficulty of treatment.

PLASMA 이온 질화처리 한 Ti-6Al-4V의 표면물성에 관한 연구

손명숙,허성강,윤재홍,이영생,박노광 國立 昌原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1997 産技硏論文集 Vol.11 No.-

The purpose of this study is to improve the surface hardness and corrosion resistance of Ti-6Al-4V by ion nitriding treatment. As well known, the ion nitriding is widely used an effective surface hardening method and principal parameters of the ion nitriding are temperature and time. Ti-6Al-4V alloys were ion-nitrided under the atmosphere of the nitrogen-hydrogen mixture gas and surface modified layers were observed. Experimental results represent that the surface modified layers are formed as a multiphases of TiN and Ti₂N. The hardness of the layers are in the range Hv of 1000 to 2000. The multiphase layers also showed excellent corrosion resistance in 2 Mol HCl solution at room temperature, comparing to the non-coated layers. The kinetics show that the growth of the layers by N₂ diffusion were proportional to t½. The kinetics energy for the formation of nitride layers was 174KJ/mol.

우리나라 일부 석면사업장의 석면폐 유병률

백도명,백남원,최정근,손미아,임정기,이원진,문영한,박정선,최병순 大韓産業醫學會 1995 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Asbestos industry has been in operation over 60 years in Korea. However, the prevalence of asbestosis has not been yet reported. With rapid turn-over of workers, previous cross-sectional studies of current workers on the job could not find cases with exposures long enough for the development of asbestosis. This study was done to evaluate asbestosis prevalence of those worksites with operation history of more than 20 years. In total, 139 workers from 5 worksites were examined. Asbestos industries covered in the study include 2 asbestos textile, 1 brake lining, and 2 ship repairing worksites. Chest x-ray was taken from all workers and read by two experts familiar with pneumoconiosis classification according to 1980 ILO guidelines. Those with findings compatible with asbestosis were further ckecked with high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT). Pulmonary function tests were done according to ATS guidelines, and occupational and previous medical history was taken through a standardized interview. Air-borne asbestos was measured according to NIOSH method 7400. The air-borne asbestos concentrations ranged from 0.2-1.3 f/cc for asbestos textile, from 0.7-1.0 f/cc for brake lining, and from 6.3-7.8 f/cc during asbestos removal at ship repairing worksite. Of the 139 workers 25 had abnormal chest radiographic findings, and 10 of them had findings compatible with pneumoconiosis. When work history and current asbestos measurements were accounted, 9 workers who had more than 10 years of asbestos exposure history showed chest radiographic findings of pneumoconiosis with Finally, 4 workers showed finding of pulmonary fibrosis and/or pleural thickening at HRCT, and 2 of them had restrictive lung function changes. The study results showed that, among 139 subjects, there were 4(3%) definite asbestosis cases confirmed with HRCT. The prevalence of probable asbestosis was 7% for 10-14 years of exposure, 13% for 15-19 years of exposure, and 23% for 20 or more years of exposure. The prevalence of compensable asbestosis with abnormal lung function was 4-6% for those with 15 or more years of exposure.

스포츠 소비결정권자의 태권도 선택 이유와 수련장에 대한 만족도

신영균,하제형,손명준 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.3

This study was to satisfaction agree and reason selection for Practice a fair of Decision-maker Consuming Taekwondo. The objects of this study have been chosen 233 in total; 170 persons in the 30's and 63 in the 40's who have a child engaged in both Taekwondo training centers and elementary schools. The results that calculates x2, t test are as follows; First, the reason to select Taekwondo was mostly to intensify the power of concentration and train their physical strength. The persons in the 30's thought much of the location to select a training center and those in the 40's thought much of notability of coach. Second, the educational purposes of Taekwondo were to intensify the power of spiritual strength in the 30's and maintain their health in the 40's. In the training programs, the leadership program was much preferred in the 30's to the 40's. In the importance of environment and furnishings, there was no significant difference between the 30's and the 40's, however, the 30's thought much of protective equipment than the other. Under these circumstances, it shall set up the suitable marketing strategy to the training center focusing on both the health program required by the 40's and the intensive training of the power of spiritual strength and the art for self-defence by the 30's, on the basis of the good location and facilities, the improvement of capability of coaches.

스포츠 소비결정권자의 태도권 선택 이유와 수련장에 대한 만족도

신영균,하제형,손명준 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.4

This study was to satisfaction agree and reason selection for Practice a fair of Decision-maker Consuming Taekwondo. The objects of this study have been chosen 233 in total; 170 persons in the 30's and 63 in the 40's who have a child engaged in both Taekwondo training centers and elementary schools. The results that calculates x², t test are as follows; First, the reason to select Taekwondo was mostly to intensify the power of concentration and train their physical strength. The persons in the 30's thought much of the location to select a training center and those in the 40's thought much of notability of coach. Second, the educational purposes of Taekwondo were to intensify the power of spiritual strength in the 30's and maintain their health in the 40's. In the training programs, the leadership program was much preferred in the 30's to the 40's. In the importance of environment and furnishings, there was no significant difference between the 30's and the 40's, however, the 30's thought much of protective equipment than the other. Under these circumstances, it shall set up the suitable marketing strategy to the training center focusing on both the health program required by the 40's and the intensive training of the power of spiritual strength and the art for self-defence by the 30's, on the basis of the good location and facilities, the improvement of capability of coaches.

방사선 방어작용이 있는 인삼 단백질과 핵산과의 상호작용

최순영,손명희,최선 梨花女子大學校 藥學硏究所 1986 梨花藥學硏究 Vol.- No.25

Ginseng proteins have been isolated and partially purified and three fractions named GⅠ, GⅡ and GⅢ were studied. GⅠ fraction which has antiradiation effect showed significant precipitation with Nucleoprotein, while GⅡ fraction showed much lesser effect, which was not significant.

몰핀이 신경아세포종 SH-SY5Y 세포에서 Peroxynitrite에 의한 세포고사를 막는 것은 아편양 수용체나 Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI-3 kinase) 경로의 활성화에 의한 것이 아니다

정영표,이동렬,손용,김태요,윤재승,송윤강,김명선,박래길 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1999 圓光醫科學 Vol.15 No.2

Background: The effect of opioids on nitric oxide (NO)- and peroxynitrite-induced neuronal cell death is largely unknown. In the present study, we examined the effect of morphine on NO- and peroxynitrite-induced cell death using a human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line, which abundantly expresses μ, δ, k-opioid receptors. Methods: The cultured cells were pretreated with morphine and exposed to 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) that simultaneously generates NO and superoxide, thus possibly forming peroxynitrite. The cell damage was assessed by using MTT assay ana crystal violet staining. Exposure of the cells to SIN-1 for 24 hours induced apoptotic cell death, as evaluated by the occurrence of morphological nuclear changes characteristics of apoptosis using 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and measurement of pro-apoptotic protease, caspase-3, activity. Results: Pretreatment of SH-SY5Y with morphine, significantly inhibited the apoptotic cell death in a dose-dependent manner. Morphine also inhibited SIN-1-induced proapoptotic protease, caspase-3, activity in a dose-dependent manner. However, naloxone (20 μM) hardly antagonized the effect of morphine in SIN-1-induced cell death. The selective ligands for opioid receptor subtypes, [D-Ala^2, N-Me-Phe^4, Gly-ol^5]enkephalin (DAMGO, μ-opioid receptor agonist), [D-Pen^2.5]enkephalin (DPDPE, δ-opioid receptor agonist) and U-69593 (k-opioid receptor agonist) at the concentration of 10 μM did not prevent the cell death induced by SIN-1. PI3-kinase inhibitors, Wortmannin and LY294002, did not inhibit the action of morphine on apoptotic cell death. The neuroblastoma cells treated with morphine significantly elevated glutathione levels (GSH). Conclusions: The present study showed that morphine protected human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY45Y, from the peroxynitrite-induced apoptotic cell death through elevated GSH levels. However, it is suggested that the elevation of GSH by morphine is not via the activation of opioid receptors and/or PI3-kinase pathway but via other unknown mechanism.

청소년의 체육활동 가치 인식에 관한 연구

신영균,손명준 東亞大學校附設스포츠科學硏究所 2001 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.19 No.-

This study aims to investigate the Recognition of Worth for physical Activity in Juvenile. in order to 1050 students among the middle school students and the high school students in Busan are selected as sampling. This questionnaire consist of 6 sub-categories. Findings from this investigation can be obtained as follows: 1. The questionary in the recognition of the value about physical activity is as follows. health and increasing physical power(63.5%), the pleasure of physical activity in itself(16.5%), reducing stress(9.7%), the management of the body pattem(5.1%), satisfying thrill and pleasure(3.5%), social activity(1.7%) 2. The questionary in the importance of physical activity about health and the maintaining physical power is as follows. very important(46.7%), a little important(36.6%), not so important and not so unimportant(14.6%), very unimportant(0.5%) 3. The questionary in athletes' social position is as follows. a little high(44.1%), not so high not so low(36.2%), very high(10.7%), a little low(7.8%), very low(1.2%) 4. The questionary in the contribution of physical activity as academic activity is follows. a little helpful(39.2%), not so helpful not so helpless(35.2%), not so helpful(11.0%), very helpful(10.0%), never helpful(4.6%) 5. The questionary in the importance of physical activity in school education is as follows. a little important(40.6%), not so important not so unimportant(36.0%), very important(15.5%), a little interrupted(5.4%), very interrupted(2.5%) 6. The questionary in the contribution of physical activity about protecting adolescence misbehavior is as follows. a little helpful(32.3%), very helpful(2.9%), not so helpful not so helpless(20.0%), never helpful(9.7%)