우리나라 작업환경 측정기관의 분석능력에 영향을 미치는 요소

백남원 한국산업위생학회 1994 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.4 No.1

우리나라 작업환경 측정기관의 분석능력에 대한 전도관리제도는 1992년 처음으로 도입되었으며 금속과 유기용제를 대상으로 매년 2회씩 실시되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 제1회 및 제2회의 정도관리 결과를 중심으로 우리나라 작업환경 측정기관의 분석능력에 영향을 미치는 여러 가지 요소를 분석하였으며 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 제1회 정도관리 결과 우리나라 작업환경 측정기관의 분석능력은 매우 낮아서 금속과 유기용제에서 모두 기준에 적합한 결과를 보인 기관은 33%미만이었다. 제2회 정도관리에서는 두개의 물질에서 모두 기준에 적합한 결과를 보인 기관이 63.6%로서 분석능력이 매우 향상되었다. 2. 분석능력에 영향을 미치는 일반적인 요소로는 분석자의 교육과 경험, 분석 책임자의 자격 및 책임자의 감독 등이었다. 분석자에 대한 적절한 훈련이 매우 필요하였다. 3. 분석의 영향을 미치는 직접 요소(direct factor)로는 표준액 제조, 분석기기 선택 및 실험조건 설정, 시료 처리 과정, 계산, 및 분석방법 적용 등이었다. 4. 오류의 대부분은 계통 오차 (systematic error)였고 대부분의 오차에 대하여 원인을 파악한 후 교정할 수 있었다. 측정기관에 대한 전문가의 방문 및 취약점 개선방법에 관한 토론은 매우 좋은 결과를 가져왔다.

국내 일부 주유소 내에서의 휘발성 유기화합물 노출에 관한 연구

백남원,하권철,송상환 한국산업위생학회 2000 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.10 No.1

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate BTEX exposure to gas station service attendants and the critical affect of benzene and MtBE airborne concentration. Methods : the degree of exposure to airborne BTEX and MtBE was examined in the service attendants at seven gas stations across the country during a summer season. The TWAs(time-weighted averages) of atmospheric concentration of substances in personal and area samples, were calculated. The component ratio of BTEX and MtBE in the samples of bulk gasoline from each station studied was also measured. Results : The airborne concentrations of BTEX and MtBE showed a lognormal distribution and The TWA concentrations of benzene in personal samples from each station were 0.089 ppm - 0.18 ppm, and those of toluene were 0.097 ppm - 0.2 ppm. The average TWA concentrations of xylene and ethyl benzene was 0.03 ppm and 0.001 ppm, respectively. The TWA concentrations of MtBE were 0.4 ppm - 1.3 ppm. The volume concentrations of MtBE, toluene, ethy1 benzene and xylene in the bulk gasoline samples were 3 - 7.4 %, 3 - 12%, 0.64% and 1.5 - 10 %, respectively. Conclusions : The benzene concentration was detected to exceed the ACGIH threshold benzene level of 0.5 ppm, in one of 74 personal and area samples. MtBE, a substitute for aromatic compounds such as benzene in gasoline, was found to bring about a greater chance of exposure to carcinogen, due to its high vapor pressure and carcinogenicity.

우리나라 石綿産業場 勤勞者의 石綿暴露實態에 關한 硏究

白南園 서울大學校 保健大學院 1989 보건학논집 Vol.26 No.1

저온 대기압 플라즈마의 실내공기 중 곰팡이 생장억제 효과

백남원,허성민,이일영 한국산업보건학회 2019 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.29 No.3

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate fungal contamination in a 31-year old university building in Seoul, Korea, and to study the inactivation of fungi using cold atmospheric pressure plasma(CAP). Methods: To investigate the fungal contamination in a university building, air samples were collected from five locations in the building, including two study rooms, a storage room, a laboratory, and a basement. The sampling was performed in a dry season(February to April) and in a wet season(July). To study the inactivation efficacy of fungi by CAP, airborne fungal concentrations were measured before and after the operation of the CAP generator. Results: Humidity was an important factor affecting fungal growth. The airborne fungal concentrations determined in the wet season(July) were significantly higher than those determined in the dry season(February to April). In the basement, the values determined in the dry and wet season were 319 and 3,403 CFU/m3, respectively. The inactivation efficiency of fungi by CAP was 83-90% over five to nine days of operation. Conclusions: The university building was highly contaminated by airborne fungi, especially in summer. It is concluded that humidity is an important factor affecting fungal growth and CAP is a highly useful technique for inactivation of indoor airborne fungi.

사무실의 환경측정

백남원 카톨릭 대학 산업의학 센타 산업의학연구소 1973 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.12 No.4

생화학적 요소와 직업성 건강장해의 평가

백남원 가톨릭대학산업의학센타 산업의학연구소 1976 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.15 No.2

일부 병원 실내에서의 공기중 미생물 오염에 관한 연구

백남원,정선회 한국산업위생학회 1998 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.8 No.2

To assess biological indoor air quality in hospital, concentrations of viable airborne microbes were determined at intensive care unit(ICU), patient room (PR), outpatient waiting room(OPWR) in hospitals of large(1000 beds), middle(500 beds), small(100 beds) hospitals, respectively. Gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria, fungi were sampled using suctional sampling method by RCS sampler (Reuter centrifugal air sampler) and RCS GK-A agar plate. In gram positive bacteria groups, CNS(Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus), Micrococcus, Lactobacillus, S. aureus, Enterococcus, St. viridans identified. In gram negative bacteria groups, A. baumannii, Kl. peumoniae and E. coli were identified, and Penicillium was identified in fugi groups. Results of the study were as follows. 1. The highest concentrations of airborne microbes was 971 CFU/㎥ at 5:00 PM in small hospital patient room, and average concentrations of airborne microbes in large, middle and small hospitals were 282 CFU/㎥, 289 CFU/㎥ and 625 CFU/㎥, respectively. Average concentrations of airborne microbes in office(control) was 90 CFU/㎥. Thus, the small hospital showed the worst condition. 2. Representatives of 8 different genera were identified in 150 samples. The most frequently isolated organisms were Staphylococcus (73.0%), Micrococcus (20.7%) and Lactobacillus (4.7%), respectively. Pathogenic microbes isolated were A. baumannii, E. coli, Enterococcus, Kl. peumoniae, S. aureus, St. viridans and Penicillium as fungi. In office, no pathogenic microbes were identified. Average concentrations of airborne pathogenic microbes in large, middle and small hospital were 5 CFU/㎥ (2%), 11 CFU/㎥ (4%) and 12 CFU/㎥ (2%), respectively. Thus, condition in a large hospital was better than those in a middle and a small hospital.

第 6 次 ILO/WHO 連席産業保建委員會 會義報考書

白南園 카톨릭대학산업의학센타 산업의학연구소 1970 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.9 No.3

ILO/WHO연석산업보건위원회가 1968년 6월 4일부터 10일까지 Geneva에서 開催되어 空氣中 有害物質曝露의 許容限界에 對하여 討論하였다. 同委員會에서 取扱한 案件은 다음과 같다. ① 有害物質曝露를 測定評價하는 方法과 기준 ② 작업장에서의 유해물질허용한계와 이를 설정하는 기준 ③ 허용한계의 定義에 對하여 ④ 環境폭로와 生物學的 數値와의 關係

일부 신나의 구성성분과 공기중 증발에 관한 연구

백남원,조경이 한국산업위생학회 1997 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.7 No.2

For twelve solvent thinners, evaporation rates of components were investigated and models to estimate the actual concentration have been evaluated. Also, the current ACGIH TLVs (Threshold Limit Values) for the concentration of organic mixtures have been adjusted. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Airborne concentrations of solvent thinner components were related to their respective vapor pressure (r=0.96). On the other hand, there was no significant relation between the concentrations in the air of the thinner compounds and the original amount in liquid form. 2. Airborne concentrations of each chemical were estimated by temperature at 8.5 1, 16.7 1 and 31.5±2℃ with an air velocity of 1.5 m/s. The concentrations were increased by increasing temperature (p$lt;0.05). The percentage of concentrations were proportionate to their respective percentage of vapor pressure. Among the chemicals studied, n-butyl acetate, n-butyl alcohol, m-xylene, p-xylene and o-xylene showed a clear relationship to temperature. 3. Airborne concentration of each chemical was estimated by air velocity at 0.05, 1.50 and 2.50 m/s, with a constant temperature at 17±2℃. The concentrations were increased by increasing air velocity (p$lt;0.05). The percentage of concentrations were proportionate to their respective percentage of vapor pressure. Among the chemicals studied, n-butyl alcohol, m-xylene and p-xylene showed a clear relationship to velocity. 4. In estimating the concentrations of solvent thinners by temperature and air velocity. ACGIH TLVs for mixtures tended to be larger than the values obtained by ACGIH exposure index. It shows that ACGIH TLVs for mixtures are not adequate for evaluating the airborne concentration of thinners and other organic mixtures. 5. The evaporation rate of the thinners were compared to the theoretical equations of Hummel, Braun and Mackay. The Hummel and Braun methods were close to exposure index but Makay's showed an underestimated value. In order to see the accuracy of each three models, the SSE (Error Sum of Squares) calculated for Hummel's was 1.73, being the closest to the actual values. 6. Present ACGIH TLVs for mixtures are not appropriate evaluate industrial environments. In this study, a correction of TLVs using vapor pressure of respective components was suggested. In order to evaluate the corrected TLVs a paired t-test was performed. There was no significant difference between the exposure index and the concentration corer suggested TLVs (p$gt;0.05). Thus, this corrected TLVs seem appropriate in order to evaluate actual industrial workplaces organic chemical concentration in the air.

영국의 산업보건

백남원 가톨릭대학산업의학센타 산업의학연구소 1976 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.15 No.1