Development of a Mobile Application, "Wild Flowers of Bukhansan National Park (version 1.0)", for Identification of Plants in Bukhansan National Park

Kim, Sang-Tae,Lee, Seung-Yeon,Kim, Seung-Chul,Byun, Hye-Won,Lee, Sang-Tae,Kim, Mu-Yeal,Hong, Seok-Pyo,Chung, Young-Jae,Park, Ki-Ryong,Lee, Chung-Hee,Lee, Joong-Ku,Heo, Kyeong-In,Lee, Ji-Ye,Lee, Eun-Je National Science Museum of Korea 2011 Journal of Korean nature Vol.4 No.3

We developed the educational purpose mobile application, named "Wild Flowers of Bukhansan National Park (version 1.0)", aiming for easy identification of wild flowers for students and visitors in the park. When visitors find a flower or part of plant in the park, visitors can search for its name utilizing the pictures and characters provided in their own smartphone mobile devices or tablet PCs. The application provides pictures of wild flowers in the park and character-based searching system based on 12 diagnostic features (e.g., growth form, leaf arrangement, flower symmetry, petal color, petal number, sepal number, etc). We adopted the complete floristic survey of Chung and Lee (1962) and added species that we confirmed their distribution in the park during the development of this application. In summary, number of vascular plants in this park was estimated to be 428 taxa including 100 families, 280 genera, 327 species, 1 subspecies, 50 varieties, and 5 formas. We provided a total of 588 pictures representing 358 taxa and each taxon includes multiple pictures in many cases. Included identification quizzes can be an efficient educational tool as well as fun activity for students and visitors who are learning plant species in Korea. Our next step will include GPS function in the application for indicating visitor's location and for providing previously reported sites of the species that we interested in the map of the park. The future application which includes GPS function will be a valuable tool for the monitoring of rare plants, plant researches related to the climate changes, etc. We currently provide Korean iPhone version only, and English version and both of android versions will be serviced soon.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Elevated TRAF2/6 expression in Parkinson's disease is caused by the loss of Parkin E3 ligase activity.

Chung, Ji-Yun,Park, Hee Ra,Lee, Su-Jin,Lee, Sun-Hye,Kim, Jin Sik,Jung, Youn-Sang,Hwang, Sang Hyun,Ha, Nam-Chul,Seol, Won-Gi,Lee, Jaewon,Park, Bum-Joon United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology [e 2013 Laboratory investigation Vol.93 No.6

<P>Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second leading neurodegenerative disease, and is known to be induced by environmental factors or genetic mutations. Among the verified genetic mutations of PD, Parkin, isolated from the PARK2 locus, shows an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern and is known to be an E3 ligase. However, the physiological target of Parkin and the molecular mechanism of Parkin-deficiency-induced PD have not been clearly demonstrated until now. It has recently been proposed that inflammation, suggesting as a causal factor for PD, is enhanced by Parkin deficiency. Thus, we examined the relationship between inflammation-related factors and Parkin. Here, we provide the evidence that Parkin suppresses inflammation and cytokine-induced cell death by promoting the proteasomal degradation of TRAF2/6 (TNF-α receptor-associated factor 2/6). Overexpression of Parkin can reduce the half-lives of TRAF2 and TRAF6, whereas si-Parkin can extend them. However, mutant Parkins did not alter the expression of TRAF2/6. Thus, loss of Parkin enhances sensitivity to TNF-α- or IL-1β-induced JNK activation and NF-κB activation. Indeed, si-Parkin-induced apoptosis is suppressed by the knockdown of TRAF6 or TRAF2. We also observed elevated expression levels of TRAF6 and a reduction of IκB in an 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced PD mouse model. Moreover, elevated expression levels or aggregation of TRAF6 were detected in approximately half of the human PD tissues (7/15 cases) and 2 cases, respectively. In addition, TRAF6 and Parkin expression levels show a reverse relationship in human PD tissues. Our results strongly suggest that the reduction of Parkin or overexpression of TRAF2/6 by chronic inflammation would be the reason for occurrence of PD.</P>

[논문]Operational Characteristics of CO2 Laser Adopted by Superposing-Discharge

Hee-Je Kim,Hyun-Ju Chung,Byoung-Dae Min,Jong-Han Joung,Sung- lun Park 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2003 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.62 No.-

오늘날 현저한 CO2 레이저의 응용 추세에 발맞추어 보다 다양한 형태의 출력 제어 기술이 대두되고 있다. 본연구에서는multi-Pulse Superposing-Discharge 기술을 이용하여 다양한형태의 CO2 레이저의 펄스를 성형 하였다. 펄스 성형을 위한 방법으로 PIC one-chip microprocessor를 이용하여 삼중 PFN 모률의 SCR을 각각 고유의 지연시간을 가지도록 제어하였다. 실험에 사용된 삼중 PFN 모률의 전원 회로는 각각 캐패시터 인덕터,SCR,고압 펄스 트랜스 그리고 고압 트랜스 2차측에 브릿지 정류기로 구성 하였다. 고압 펼스 트랜스의 1차측을 제어하므로서 PFN 모률의 동작을 저 전압에서 수행 할 수 있다. 트랜스의 2차측에 연결된 전파 정류기는 펄스 에너지를 부하에 지속적으로 전달한다. 본 연구에서는 삼중 PFN 모률의 각각의 SCR을 다른 시간 가격을 두고 트리거 하므로서 다양한 Long pulse shaping을 실현하였다. 또한 약 250-1000μs 의 주기를 가지는 다양한 펄스형 레이저 빔을 얻었다.

조혈모세포이식을 받은 급성 골수 백혈병 환자에서 발생한 cyclosporine에 의한 양측 시신경병증

정진권,김한조,박명진,하승주,최경식,이성진,박성희,이상철,이남수,박희숙,원종호 순천향대학교 의학연구소 2007 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.13 No.2

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지역소주 패키지디자인 리뉴얼에 관한 연구 -(주)충북소주의 "시원한 청풍"을 중심으로-

박상규 ( Snag Gyu Park ),고희청 ( Hee Chung Ko ) 한국정보디자인학회 2013 정보디자인학연구 Vol.20 No.-

본 연구는 (주)충북소주에서 생산되는 시원한 청풍의 디자인 변경에 있어서 방향성이 다른 4가지 디자인 시안에 대해 각각의 호감도를 알아보았고, 좋아하는 요인에 대해서 살펴보았다. 그 결과 다음과 같은 세 가지 결론을 알 수 있었다. 먼저 지역 특성을 표현한 시안, 제품의 특성을 표현한 시안, 제품명의 의미를 표현한 시안, 젊은 느낌을 표현한 시안 등 4가지 디자인 시안 중에서 지역 특성을 표현한 시안의 호감도가 가장 높게 조사 되었다. 둘째, 4가지 디자인 시안 중 남성들은 지역 특성을 표현한 시안(4.06)을 가장 좋아하였으며, 여성들은 제품명의 의미를 표현한 시안(4.00)을 가장 호감도가 높은 것으로 조사 되었다. 셋째, 4가지 디자인 시안 중에서 20대들은 젊은 느낌을 표현한 시안을 가장 좋아했으며(3.74), 30대는 제품명의 의미를 표현한 시안을 좋아했다(3.91). 40대와 50대는 지역 특성을 표현한 시안을 가장 좋아하는 것(각각 3.88, 3.92)으로 조사 되었다. In this study, four design plans that would come up with different directions on design changing of Siwonhan Chungpung by Chung-buk Soju were examined to understand the public desirability about each design plan, and factors that would affect such desirability were also investigated. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First of all, amongst a plan to describe local characteristics, a plan to describe product features, a plan to describe meaning of the product name and lastly, a plan to describe young feelings, the very first one, the plan to describe the local characteristics, was observed to be preferred the most. Second, among the four design plans, men would rather go for the plan to describe the local characteristics while women take the greatest interest in the plan that would describe the meanings of the product name. Third, among the four design plans again, the twenties loved the plan with the young feelings the most (3.74) which was quite different from what the thirties would prefer the most that was the plan to describe the meanings of the product name (3.91). Regarding preferences of the forties and the fifties about the design plans, they appeared to love the plan that describes the local characteristics the most (3.88 and 3.92 respectively).

중등학교의 성교육 개선방안을 위한 연구 : 경남지역 여학생을 중심으로 Gyeong Nam Area

박정희,구자옥,이남기 한국 가정과 교육 학회 1997 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.9 No.2

The purpose of this study was to collect fundamental data for sex education by investigating the actual conditions of sex education, concerns about sex, knowledge of sex and consciousness about sex. The subjects were 212 middle school girls and 219 high school girls in Ggyeong Nam. The results were as follows 1.There was no significant difference between middle school girls and high school girls in knowledge of sex. 2.The most frequently experienced problem concering other sex was about dating and the many consultants were friends. 3.The stimulation of sexual desire was brought by filmㆍTVㆍVTR, andc advertisement, and sex information was acquired from friends or magazines in both schools students. 4.The reason of high school students for needing sex education was to solve moral problems and the reason of middle school students was to solve the anxiety in adolescence. 5.The students wanted their sex educator to be the expert in the field of sex education, home economist and nurse teacher, in order.

초등학교 교사의 건강지식과 건강행위에 관한 조사연구

박용희,안옥희,정연강 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 1998 중앙간호논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The purpose of this study was to understand teachers consciousness of health and behavior, and exmamine if there was any relationship between health knowledge and health behavior, which might serve as a basis for increasing the rate that teachers put health management into practice. The subjects in this study were 484 teachers selected from 24 elementary schools in Dondoochun and Yanjoo districts, kyunggido. The term of data collection was total 15 day from March 10 through March 24, 1997. The instruments used were 30 items generated by revising and supplementing Ki kyung Sook's questionnaire for measuring the health knowledge of the subjects, and 32 items produced by revising and supplementing Cho Won Chung's questionnaire for measuring the health behavior of the same. The reliability of the instruments used was found to be Cronbach's a=0.62 for health knowledge and Cronbach a=0.97 for health behavior from the collected data, the demographic characteristics of the subjects were derived using real number and percentage, and the degree of their health knowledge and health behavior were derived by figuring out average and standard deviation. T-test and ANOVA were employed to find the relationship among the demographic characteristics, health knowledge and health behavior. SAS program including Person Corelation, was applied for identifying the relationship of health knowledge and health behavior. The finding of this study could be summarized as follows ; (1) The subjects recorded 74.0 grade on the average about the health knowledge, which was relatively high one. The indicated the health knowledge of the teachers surveyed was on the high level. (2) The test on the subjects, implementation of health behavior produced 79.1 grade on the average. This relatively high grade shower the teachers surveyed implemented the health behavior well in general. (3) The relationship of the general characteristics to the health knowledge was that higher level of the health knowledge was shown by female teachers than male teachers in the aspect of gender, by the teachers in their fortieth in the aspect of age, by those who served for 16 through 20 years with regard to the service term, and by those who graduated from four-year college of education. No significant difference was found in the characteristics of marital status and religion. (4) With regard to the relationship of the general characteristics to health behavior, higher degree of implementing the health gender aspect and those who served for 11 through 15 years in the aspect of service term. No significant difference was found according to the characteristics of gender, educational level, marital status, or religion. (5) As a result of analyzing the corelation between the subjects' health knowledge and their health behavior by means of Person corelation, the teachers who had higher level of health knowledge appeared implement the health behavior better(r=.1925, P<.05). The above-mentioned findings suggested the conclusion that teachers had a relatively good health knowledge and did health behavior relatively well, and that those who knew about health better did health behavior better.

관광산업정보망 구축에 관한 연구

박충희 啓明專門大學 産業開發硏究所 1999 啓明硏究論叢 Vol.17 No.1

본 연구는 관광산업정보망 구축에 따른 시스템 모형을 제시하였다. 현재 우리나라 관광산업이 안고 있는 당면과제는 「국가경쟁력 강화」와 「관광수용태세완비」에 있다. 이와 같은 해결책의 방안으로 관광정보 인프라 구축 즉 관광산업정보망 구축에 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 지식기반 서비스 산업으로 정부가 선정한 관광산업의 육성발전이 관광산업정보망구축에 있다고 보고 이에 따른 정부의 정보화 정책 및 관련부처의 정보화현황을 파악하고 이어 관광산업정보망구축을 위한 모형제시와 더불어 정보망구축에 따른 기대효과 및 활용방안 등을 제시하였다. The study aims to present a model of tourism industry information system network. The issue that local industries face are to strengthen international competitiveness and receptiveness attitude of tourism promotion. The study is important, for it will help to solve problems of tourism industry through tourism industry information system network. The study also helps to improve tourism business management and international competition advantage through presenting tourism information technology.

하악 전돌증 환자의 구내 하악골 상행지 골절단술전후의 하악골 운동양상 및 저작근 근전도 변화에 관한 연

박영철,황충주,유형석,한희경 대한치과교정학회 1997 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.27 No.2

악구강계는 측두하악관절, 근육신경계, 치아, 그리고 지지조직의 복합적 구성체로 되어있어 다양한 구조를 이루고 있으며, 밀접한 생리적 관계를 유지하고 있다. 특히 하악은 저작근을 포함한 여러 근육을 운동원으로 하여 각종 기능을 수행하고 있으며, 이들 근기능의 활성도는 치근막을 비롯한 악관절과 근육 등의 여가 가지 형태의 수용기를 거쳐 말초 신경계와 중추신경계의 복잡한 경로와 기전에 의해서 조절되어지는데, 교정치료, 특히 교정을 동반한 악교정 수술시에는 이러한 악구강계의 변화와 구강내 여러감각 수용기의 변화, 근활성도의 변화가 심하게 나타나며, 이는 하악골의 기능변화를 초래하게 된다. 이에 저자는 최근 급증하는 악교정수술환자의 하악골 근육의 생리적 활성도나 하악골의 운동변화를 분석하여 보다 r객관적인 술전 및 술후의 평가기준을 제시하고자, Biopak을 이용하여 정상교합자와 하악전돌증을 주소로 내원하여 악교정수술을 시행받은 골격성 III급 부정교합자의 하악기능 양상을 총괄적으로 비교분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 각 군간의 근활성도 비교시 resting시에는 술전군이 정상군에 비해 더 큰 근활성도를 나타내었고, 수술후 그 측정치가 점차 감소함을 볼 수 있었다. clenching시에는 술전군의 교근과 전측두근의 근활성도가 정상군에 비해 더 감소되어 있었고 수술후 다시 증가하여 수술전과 술후 6개월군 사이에 통계적 유의차가 관찰되었다. 2. 각 근육 활성도 간의 비교시 resting시에는 전측두근의 활성도가 나머지 근육에 비해 다소 증가된 양상을 보였으나 통계적 유의차는 없었고, clenching시네는 모든 group에서 전측두근과 교근의 활성도가, swallowing시에는 악이복근의 활성도가 통계적 유의차를 보이며 크게 나타났다. 3. 하악운동범위의 비교시 전반적으로 술저군에서 제한된 운동 범위를 나타내었으며 최대개구량은 술후 6개월에, 전방 운동량은 술후 3개월에 유의성 있는 증가를 보였다. Stomatognathic system is a complex one that is composed of TMJ, neuromuscular system, teeth and connective tissue, and all its components are doing their parts to maintain their physiological relationships. Mandible, in particular, performs various functions such as mastication, speech, and deglutition; the muscular activities that determine such functions are signalled by numerous types of proprioceptors that exist in periodontal membrane, TMJ, and muscles to be controlled by complicated pathways and mechanics of peripheral and central nervous system. Orthodontic treatment, especially when accompanied by orthognathic surgery, brings dramatic changes of stomatognathic system such as intraoral proprioceptors and muscle activities and thus, changes in patterns of mandibular function result. The author tried to analyze changes in patterns of mandibular movement and physiologic activities of surrounding muscles in Skeletal Class III orthognathic surgery patients who presently show a great increase in numbers. The purpose of this study was to draw some objective guidelines in evaluation functional aspects of orthognathic surgery patients. Mandibular functional analysis using Biopak was performed for skeletal Class III prognathic patients who underwent IVRO(Intraoral Vertical Ramus Osteotmy), and the following results were obtained: 1. Resting EMG was greater in pre-surgical group than the control group, and it showed gradual decrease after the surgery. Clenching EMG of masseter and anterior temporalis of pre-surgical group was smaller than those of control group; they also increased post-surgically, and significant difference was found between pre-surgical and post-surgical(6 months) groups. 2. Resting EMG of anterior temporalis was greater than that of all the other muscles, but there was no significant difference. Clenching EMG of anterior temporalis and masseter were greater than those of the other muscles with statistical difference. In swallowing, digastric muscle showed the highest EMG with statistical significance. 3. Limited range of mandibular movement was shown in pre-surgical group. Significant increase in maximum mouth opening was observed six months post-surgically, and significant increase in protrusive movement was observed three months post-surgically.