압축성 코드에서 예조건화 코드로의 이진

한상훈(Sang-Hoon Han),김명호(Myeong-Ho Kim),최정열(Jeong-Yeol Choi) 한국항공우주학회 2007 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.35 No.3

이차원 범프 유동에 대한 다양한 예조건화 행렬의 수렴 특성을 살펴 Choi와 Merkle의 예조건화 행렬을 선택하여, 압축성 및 예조건화 Roe의 Riemann 해법의 수치 소산항을 수학적으로 비교하였다. 이 결과 코드의 구조는 동일하게 유지한 채, 고유치의 작은 수정만으로 압축성 해법을 예조건화 해법으로 이전할 수 있는 방법을 알 수 있었다. 아울러 점성 유동 영역에서의 안정성 및 정확성을 향상시키기 위하여 von Neumann 안정 조건 및 점성 자코비안을 고려하였으며, 개발된 코드는 표준 검증 문제에 적용하여 검증을 수행하였다. Comprehensive mathematical comparison of numerical dissipation vector was made for a compressible and the preconditioned version Roe's Riemann solvers. Choi and Merkle type preconditioning method was selected from the investigation of the convergence characteristics of the various preconditioning methods for the flows over a two-dimensional bump. The investigation suggests a way of migration from a compressible code to a preconditioning code with a minor changes in Eigenvalues while maintaining the same code structure. Von Neumann stability condition and viscous Jacobian were considered additionally to improve the stability and accuracy for the viscous flow analysis. The developed code was validated through the applications to the standard validation problems.

백서 척수후근절로부터 슈반세포의 효과적인 체외 배양법

김성민,이종호,김남열,안강민,최원재,최시호,차미주,이주영,황순정,장정원,명훈,최진영,서병무,정필훈,김명진 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.4

Schwann cells(SCs), an important component of the peripheral nervous system, intract with nerous to mutually support growth and replication for the peripheral nerve regentation. Recently, ading SCs to the lumen of guidance channel is widely tried to improve regeneration or to make regeneration possible over otherwise irreparable gaps. however, it is not easy to isolate and multiplicate SCs as much as enough to help the axonal regeneration. For the allogeneic SCs source for tubular nerve guidance, we developed a little bit improved technique of harvesting and multiplicating SCs. by culturing dispersed dorsal root ganglia in specially designed medium with growth factors and serial processing, we repeatedlly generate relatively homogenous SC cultures. Our technique was compared with other methods of literature using immunostaining methods such as GFAP, S100, BDNF and the total SC count assessment at different time interval after primary culture.

호흡율 측정기를 이용한 폐수의 외부탄소원 이용가능성 평가

최은희,고주형,임정훈,부경민,김창원 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2000 環境硏究報 Vol.18 No.-

In this research, we measured Readily Biodegradable COD(Ss) using respiration meter which measured OUR and calculated respiration rate due to calculate organic matter portion of external carbon sources because known organic matter analysis methods i.e. COD, BOD did not measure amount of organic matter which was used in denitrification. Based on the experimental results, leather wastewater had 40.3% Ss in TCOD and food fermentation liquid, alcoholic wastewater and petrochemical wastewater was 38%, 38% and 28.3% respectively. However in case of considering of flowrate and concentration, flood fermentation and alcoholic wastewater was revealed that they were effective external carbon sources

다발성 간종괴의 형태로 나타난 특발성 과호산구 증후군 치험1예

최승오,연규민,이승민,김순제,왕준호,박형석,이재동,진춘조,이창훈,신현준,김정은 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2004 건국의과학학술지 Vol.14 No.-

Hypereosinophilic syndrome is characterized by persistent blood eosinophilia of 1,500/ul or more in the absence of known causes and multiorgan dysfunction by eosinophil-related tissue damage. In Korea, some cases of hypereosinophilic syndrome with hepatic involvement have been described with prolonged benign clinical courses. Most of them were diffuse or multifocal lesions in imaging studies, and a few case presenting as a single mass has been described. Here we report a case of hypereosinophilic syndrome with hepatic involvement in a 65-year-old man who presented with multifocal mass lesions. By abdominal US and CT scan, multiple, ill-defined nodules were detected in throughout the liver. Liver biopsy revealed severe eosinophilic hepatitis, suggestive of hypereosinophilic syndrome. Hepatic mass lesions improved after steroid administration for several weeks.

군위지역 오이 시설 재배지의 토양특성 변화

이동훈,최충렬,김광섭,김평열,서정우,박만 경북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2006 慶北大農學誌 Vol.24 No.-

군위군 오이재배지역을 정밀토양도를 이용하며 토양특성을 조사하구 군위군 노지 및 시설오이 재배지토양의 물리화학적 특성을 조사하여, 연작과 관행적인 토양관리로 인하여 저하된 토양의 이화학적 특성을 오이재배에 적합한 토양으로 개량하기 위한 기초자료로 이용하고자 토양조사를 실시하였다. 조사지역은 군위군 군위읍 외랑리 오이재배단지로서 주요토양통은 토양토에 나타난 단북통과 신정들이 가장 넓게 분포하였으며, 점토함량은 시설재배지내 토양의 경우 양토이었으며, 시설재배지의 외부 토양의 경우 23.8%로 높게 나타났다. 오이 재배지 토양의 화학적 특성 결과에 대한 오이재배지 토양의 적정범위와비교하여 보면 일반적인 화학적 성질에서 서는 유효인산의 함량이 적정범위보다 높은 것을 알 수 있으며, 치환성 양이온 함량은 시설재배지의 외부토양은 적정범위에 속하나 시설재배지 내부토양은 모두 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 최상부 토양은 매우 높으나 l0cm이하는 깊이에 따라 뚜렷한 차이는 없었다. 오이 재배지 토양 중 중금속 함량은 모두 기준치보다 높게 나타났는데, 구리의 함량이 시설재배지가 노지재배지보다 높게 나타났다. The soils of plastic film houses in which intensive cultivation takes place suffer from the serious problems such as severe salinity and accumulation of heavy metals etc. The objective of this research was to examine the change in soil properties with repeated cucumber cultivation under plastic film house at Gunwi-Gun area. The soils were classified mainly to Danbuk and SinJung series. Clay content is lower in the soils of plastic film house than in the field soil. Available P205 and exchangeable cations were accumulated at the level higher than the optimum range. The content of extractable heavy metals were higher in the soils of plastic film house than in those of the field. For optimum yield, much attention should be paied to the management of soils by the pre-soil survey.

인공 치아우식 발생 모델에서 디지털 방사선 공제술을 이용한 인접면 치아우식증의 진단

박정훈,최용석,황의환,이기자,최삼진,박영호,김경숙,진현석,홍경원,오범석,박헌국 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2009 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.39 No.1

Purpose : The purpose of the experiment was to evaluating the diagnostic ability of dental caries detection using digital subtraction in the artificial caries activity model. Materials and Methods : Digital radiographies of five teeth with 8 proximal surfaces were obtained by CCD sensor (Kodak RVG 6100 using a size #2). The digital radiographic images and subtraction images from artificial proximal caries were examined and interpreted. In this study, we proposed novel caries detection method which could diagnose the dental proximal caries from single digital radiographic image. Results : In artificial caries activity model, the range of lesional depth was 572-1,374 μm and the range of lesional area was 36.95-138.52mm². The lesional depth and the area were significantly increased with demineralization time (p<0.001). Furthermore, the proximal caries detection using digital subtraction radiography showed high detection rate compared to the proximal caries examination using simple digital radiograph. Conclusion : The results demonstrated that the digital subtraction radiography from single radiographic image of artificial caries was highly efficient in the detection of dental caries compared to the data from simple digital radiograph.

분자역학적 방법을 이용한 부산시내 대형건물 냉각탑수의 레지오넬라균의 형별 분류

김정만,정석훈,서대영,박은희,송은주,최재철,이은엽,장철훈 대한임상미샐물학회 2004 Annals of clinical microbiology Vol.7 No.1

도시하천 악취물질의 발생원조사에 대한 연구

조정구,배병훈,최금찬,임경택 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 硏究報告 Vol.20 No.1

This study has been carried out to investigate odor characteristics and removal methods on the water quality and sulfuric material of four urban sewage. The results from these experiments are as followings ; 1. For sediment, N contents(%) was shown 0.068mg/l at S-1, 0.109mg/l at S-2, 0.043mg/l at S-3, 1.233mg/l at S-4 and S contents(mg/g) was shown 2.192mg/l at S-1, 2.410mgA at S-2, 1.564mg/l at S-3, 15.146mg/l at S-4. The sample of S-4 was indicated the worst value to 1.233mg/l 2. NH₃, one of the representative odor materials, which was showed the highest value at S-1 in the water, showed the highest value at the S-4 in the air. It means that the cause of odor comes from the disintegration of sediment orgamisms, which has more important effect than the water pollution. 3. To control the odor materials, it is desirable to minimizes the inflow of sewage from pollutant source itself. One of the considering odor method is H₂O₂ or activated carbon input into the sewage, which has several advantages as chemical treatment of odor materials is to be desirable.

아연 전처치가 카드뮴 급성 중독에 미치는 영향에 대한 실험적 연구

이정훈,최정목,강대영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1996 충남의대잡지 Vol.23 No.2

In an attempt to elucidate the effects of zinc on rat tissue changes induced by cadmium, the present study was undertaken in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were intraperitoneally pretreated with zinc chloride(15.0mg/kg) for 3 days, and then were intraperitoneally given CdCl_2(3.0mg/kg). The body and organ weights of the experimental rats were weighed on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 15th, 30th and 60th day after CdC_12 injection. The lungs, livers, kidneys and testes were microscopically illuminated and examined under the electron microscope. The results were as follows: 1. The cadmium induced toxicity were most prominent in the testes. The testes showed diffuse hemorrhage, followed by massive hemorrhagic necrosis, calcification and complete disappearance of normal parenchymal tissue(severe atrophy). 2. In the zinc treated group, there were no specific light microscopic changes in the organs. Marked ultrastructural changes were not observed, however the number of glycogen particles increased. 3. The cadmium toxicity to the lung was proportional to the number of days. The lung changes showed chronic bronchitis and progressive interstitial fibrosis of the alveoli. 4. In the cadmium treated group, the liver showed ultrastructural changes such as mitochondrial swelling, dilatation of rough endoplasmic reticulum, myelin figure formation, and decreased number of glycogen particles. The degree of ultrastructural changes slightly decreased in the zinc pretreated group. Also nuclear membrane irregularity was noted after experimental 30th day. 5. After 30th experimental day in the cadmium treated group, ultrastructural appearence of the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidneys showed detachment of microvilli, absence of basal cytoplasmic membrane invagination and irregular mitochondrial shape. In the zinc pretreated group, the degree of ultrastructural changes were mild compared to those of the cadmium only treated group. In conclusion, these experimental results suggest that cadmium toxicity was most prominent in the testes and can be the cause of infertility, and that zinc reduces ultrastructural cellular damage induced by cadmium in the rat tissues.

Clozapine이 백서의 억제된 자발적 교대 행동에 미치는 영향

천강훈,이기철,이정호,최영민,전성일,정홍경,류정환,최미 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.5

연구목적 : 강박장애의 생물학적 원인론중 세로토닌-도파민 상호작용 가설에 적합한 5-HT₂ 수용체와 도파민 D₂수용체를 동시에 차단하는 약물의 일종인 cloazpine과 세라토닌 재흡수 차단약물인 clomipramine, 그리고 도파민 D₂수용체 차단 약물인 haloperidol을 실험백서의 강박장애 동물모형에 투여하여 자발적 교대 행동에 미치는 영향을 비교, 측정하였다. 그 결과로서 1) 세라토닌 수용체와 도파민 수용체를 동시에 차단하는 약물의 효과를 확인하고, 2) 세라토닌과 도파민 수용체 동시차단 약물의 효과가 확인되면 임상적으로 기존의 세라토닌 재흡수 차단약물에 반응을 보이지 않는 강박장애 환자 치료에 세라토닌 수용체와 도파민 수용체를 동시에 차단하는 비전형적인 항정신병 약물들이 강박장애의 치료에 유용하게 사용될 수 있는 가능성을 제시하고자 하였다. 실험재료 및 연구방법 : 실험동물은 동일한 배에서 출생한 수컷 Spraque-Dawley 백서를 사용하였다. 자발적 교대 행동(spontaneous alternation behaviour : 이하 SAB)을 시험하기 위해 SAB의 기준치를 구하고 난 후, SAB을 차단하기 위한 방법으로 비선택적 세라토닌 순응제인 5-MeODMT(5-methoxy-N, N-dimethyltrytamine)를 투여하였다. 실험백서들을 clomipramine(5㎎/㎏), clozapine(10㎎/㎏), clozapine(20㎎/㎏), haloperidol(0.1㎎/㎏), 그리고 saline(0.2cc) 투여군으로 나누고 21일에 걸쳐서 복강내 주사하였다. 실험약물 투여가 끝난 다음날인 22일째에 5-MeODMT(5-methoxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine : 1.25㎎/㎏/IP)를 각각의 실험동물군에게 투여하고 실험약물의 만성투여가 5-MeODMT 투여로 억제되는 SAB을 얼마나 호전시키는 지를 측정하였다. 모든 자료는 SPSS for window 7.5으로 통계처리 하였다. SAB의 기준치 5-MeODMT 투여로 억제되는 SAB의 효과, 실험약물의 만성투여에 따른 SAB의 변화는 일원분산분석을 사용하였으며, 사후검증은 Scheffe 검증을 적용하였다. 각 군내에서 기준치와 5-MeODMT 투여로 억제되는 SAB의 변화, 그리고 실험약물의 만성투여에 따른 SAB의 변화는 다중변량분석을 시행하였다. 결과 및 결론 : 역구결과 실험동물은 T-형 미로의 SAB에서 평균 1.33±0.36회의 훈련 기준치를 보였다. 5-MeODMT 주사후 , 실험동물의 SAB치는 3.12±0.63회를 보여 강박행동이 유발하였다. 21일간의 실험약물 투여후, 22일째에 5-MeODMT 주사에 대한 SAB의 반응은 clozapine 투여군과 clomipramine 투여군이 halo-peridol 투여군과 saline 투여군에 비하여 유의하게 낮은 수치를 보여 5-MeODMT투여로 억제된 SAB을 호전시키는 소견을 나타냈다. 각 실험동물군 내에서 각각의 SAB 훈련 기준치와 실험약물 투여 전후에 5-MeODMT 투여로 인한 SAB을 비교한 바, clomipramine 투여군은 약물투여 전에 5-MeODMT로 억제된 SAB이 약물투여후 의미있게 호전되었다. 한편, clozapine 투여군도 약물 투여전에 5-MeODMT로 억제된 SAB가 약물투여후 의미있게 호전되었으며, 이런 SAB의 호전은 clomipramine 투여군보다 우수하였다. 이상의 연구결과로 보아, 강박장애의 생물학적 병리론을 이해하는데 있어 세라토닌-도파민 상호작용 가설이 의미가 있음을 추정할 수 있었다. 향후, 강박장애의 임상치료에서 전형적인 SSRIs 치료에 반응치 않는 환자들에게 세라토닌-도파민 동시차단제인 비전형적인 약물의 단독투여를 시행하는 후속연구를 기대해 본다. Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the role of the 5-HT₂and dopamine D₂antagonist on spontaneous alteration behaviour which is an animal modal of obsessive-compulsive disorder in rat. On the basis of serotonin-dopamine interaction hypothesis, the effect of clozapine was evaluated by applying the suppressed spontaneous alternation behaviour model. Methods : The apparatus for spontaneous alternation behaviour was a black plexiglas T-maze with distinctive black and white goal boxes. Black guillotine doors separated the start box and the goal boxes from the main body of the T-maze. Small cups of chocolate milk were placed in the corners of both goal boxes. At 24 hours prior to experiment, rats(Spraque-Dawley) food-deprived. The food-deprived rats were put into T-maze, in which both goal boxes were baited with small amounts of chocolate milk. Each rat was given 2 set of 7 trials during which it was placed in the start box and allowed to choose one of the goal boxes for each time. The mean number of choices until the occurrence of spontaneous alternation behaviour were checked. After baseline of the number of choices of spontaneous alternation behaviour was stabilized, the spontaneous alternation was disrupted by nonselective 5-HT agonist, 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/Kg/IP), The experimental animals were stratified into 5 groups :clomipramine(5mg/Kg/IP), clozapine(10mg/Kg/IP), clozapine(20mg/Kg/IP), haloperidol(0.1mg/Kg /IP), and saline(0.2cc/IP) control groups. They all went through 21 days fo treatment(intraperitoneal). The protective effects against the 5-MeODMT-induced disruption of spontaneous alternation behaviour were evaluated on the next day of drug treatment in each group. Results : 1) SAB was suppressed by 5-MeODMT injection. 2) After 21 days of the drug treatment, the clozapine and the clomipramine groups showed significant difference from the haloperidol and the saline control groups in the reversal of 5-MeODMT-induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. 3) The clozapine (20mg/kg/IP) group was superior to the clomipramine group in the protective effect of 5-MeODMT-induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. Conclusion : In clinical situation, the we think that atypical antipsychotic drugs those acting as serotonin and dopamine receptor antagonist with no extrapyramidal side effect can be beneficial to improve the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder.