정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

악관절내장증을 동반한 Eagle's Syndrome

윤중호,김기정,정상훈,박광호,박정현,김형곤 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1994 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.16 No.4

A thirty two year-old male was referred with a chief complaint of mouth opening limitation, and maxillofacial pain including left TMJ area. The patient had been treated in a private clinic with medications and conservative treatments, without any improvements in symptoms. MRI findings showed a limitations in condylar head movements, and signs of disc adhesion without the Positional change. Panoramic views showed elongation of stylohyoid process. Brain C-T was taken due to the patient's complaint of headache, facial pain, and paresthesia of tongue, and the result showed no abnormalities. The first surgery included meniscoplasty and the removal of disc adhesion of left TMJ under the preliminary diagnosis of internal derangement with adhesion, and the patient displayed marked improvements in opening movements despite of persistent hemiparesthesia of left facial areas and tongue, and mild dysphasia. Therefore, the second surgery was carried out with the preliminary diagnosis of Eagle's Syndrome, and a resolution of neurologic symptoms was obtained. The final diagnosis of this case was Eagle's Syndrome with internal derangement, and the difficulties in diagnosis and treatment might be due to the existence of two separate diseases with similar symptoms.

센서 융합을 이용한 자율이동로봇의 위치추정

정석윤,진광식,윤태성 國立 昌原大學校 產業技術硏究院 2004 産技硏論文集 Vol.18 No.-

Accurate position estimation is required for mobile robot navigation. To estimate current position, mobile robot uses sensors. As one sensor or two sensors system is insufficient to estimate accurately, it is necessary to use sensor fusion method. Mobile robot can obtain redundant and complementary information by using sensor fusion method. It is possible to estimate current position more accurately than one sensor or two sensors system. Sensor fusion system is composed of vision sensor, ultrasonic sensors and encoder sensor. Personal computer and interface board control three different sensors. Extended Kalman Filter(EKF) method using three different sensors is proposed for sensor fusion. The validity of the proposed sensor fusion method is proved by experimental results in indoor environment.

스트레스 대처방식이 조혈모세포 이식 환자의 우울과 불안에 미치는 영향

윤수정,이철,임성후,채정호,전태연,김광수 한국정신신체의학회 2002 정신신체의학 Vol.10 No.1

연습조직과 결과지식의 제공방식이 타이밍 과제 학습에 미치는 영향

윤기운,정광님 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of the present study was to determine generalizability of context interference effect and reduced KR (knowledge of result) relative frequency on the motor learning. Subject characteristics of this study are sixty students of middle school. All subjects were assigned randomly to one of six groups individually. The task of the experiment used a coincident-timing task that can be viewed as a laboratory analogue of a ball-batting task. The Acquisition and retention data of this study were analyzed separately. The trials to criterion data were analyzed using a 2(high-context interference and low- context interference) X 3(summary KR, faded KR, bandwidth KR) X 4(block) ANOVAs with repeated measures on blocks. The post hoc comparisons of means were performed on significant ANOVA effect using the Students Newman Keuls(SNK) test. The results of experiment were as follows ; During acquisition phase, First, the performance of anticipation timing task revealed differences as a function of degree of context interference. Higher the performance of task was found for block context group than for random context group. Two, the performance of task was not found difference in group as a function of reduced KR relative frequency. Three, The interaction effect of context interference and reduced KR relative frequency on the anticipation timing task was marginally significant. That is, Higher the performance of task for block context-faded KR group than for random context-faded KR group, and Higher the performance of task for random context-3 summary KR group than for random context-bandwidth KR group. During retention phase, Four, the performance of anticipation timing task revealed differences as a function of degree of context interference. Higher the performance of task was found for random context group than for block context group. Five, the performance of anticipation timing task was not found difference in group as a function of reduced KR relative frequency. Six, The interaction effect of context interference and reduced KR relative frequency on the anticipation timing task was not significant. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that one major of determinant of anticipation timing task is contextual interference condition in practice schedule.

김치의 제조 및 유통중 가스발생 방지에 관한 연구

윤경영,강미정,이광희,윤광섭,김광수 대구효성가톨릭대학교 식품과학연구소 1997 식품과학지 Vol.9 No.-

대량생산을 위한 김치의 산업화에 있어서 가장 큰 문제점인 유통시의 산패현장과 포장팽대 및 파손을 지연시켜 김치의 저장기간을 연장하고자 이산화탄소 흡수능력을 가진 물질을 가스흡수제로 처리하여 저장중 김치의 품질을 검토하였다. 품질평가를 위한 측정항목은 pH, 산도, 색상, 이산화탄소 함량 및 젖산균수 그리고 총균수를 측정하였다. 수산화칼륨, 수산화칼슘, 수산화나트륨과 같은 알칼리물질과 연화마그네슘, 염화칼슘과 같은 염화합물을 가스흡수제로 사용한 결과, 수산화칼륨과 수산화나트륨처리구가 타처리구에 비해 pH의 감소가 적었으며, 또한 산도의 증가가 다소 낮았다. 수산화칼륨과 수산화나트륨을 각각 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% 세단계의 농도로 처리한 결과 pH와 산도에 있어서 수산화칼륨처리구가 수산화나트륨처리구에 비해 높은 pH와 낮은 산도를 나타내었다. 또한 각 처리구의 농도에 따라 큰 차이가 나타나지 않아 간편성과 경제적인 면, 그리고 시각적인 면을 고려해 볼 때 0.25% 수산화칼륨처리구가 탄산가스흡수에 의해 김치의 저장기간을 연장하는데 다소 효과를 보였다. PE bag으로 포장된 수산화칼슘과 PE flim(0.02㎜)으로 포장한 0.25% 수산화칼륨을 가스흡수제로 사용하여 무처리구와 비교하여 저장중 김치의 품질을 검토하였다. 저장중 0.25% 수산화칼륨처리구와 시판용 김치의 가스흡수제인 수산화칼슘처리구를 비교할 때, 수산화칼륨처리구가 무처리구에 비해 pH 및 산도의 차이가 컸으며, 김치의 조직과 국물속에 용해되어 있는 이산화탄소의 함량도 적었다. 그리고 총균수에 있어서 타처리구에 비해 수산화칼륨처리구가 높은 값을 나타내었다. When kimchi was manufactured and circulated, largest question is rancidity phenomenon and packing swelling. This study was conducted to prevent these phenomenon and prolong the shelf-life of kimchi. KOH, NaOH, Ca(OH)_2, MgCl_(2), and CaCl_(2) were used to gas-absorbent. The pH of kimchi used KOH, NaOH was higher than the others. The acidity of kimchi used KOH, NaOH was lower than the others. The concentration of KOH, NaOH was 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%. The decrease of pH and increase of acidity that kimchi dealt with KOH were lower than kimchi used NaOH. There in no significant difference in concentration of gas-absorbent. Comparision of kimchi used 0.25% KOH and Ca(OH)_2. Ca(OH)_2 packaged PE bag and 0.25% KOH packaged PE film(0.02㎜) were used to gas-absorbent. On comparision to control, kimchi dealt with 0.25% KOH was higher than kimchi used Ca(OH)_2 at pH and acidity. The CO_(2) contents of kimchi dealt with 0.25% KOH was lowest. The number of total microbe kimchi dealt with 0.25% KOH was highest.

인간 재조합 인터루긴-32 면역조절작용에 대한 유세포 분석

이광수,김영관,채정일,심정현,김은미,강형식,김수현,윤도영,명평근 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 2006 생물공학연구지 Vol.12 No.-

Xenotransplantation of porcine organs has the potential to overcome the severe shortage of human tissues and organ available for human transplantation. however, it remains various hurdles for clinical xenotransplantation. In pig and mouse xenotransplantation, porcine xenograft evoke a strong cellular rejection response in immunocompetent host and grafts are destroyed within a week. This cellular immune response could involved both T cells and NK cells. A number of groups have shown that human NK cells can recognize and damage porcine endothelial cells. In addition, human T cells can respond to porcine endothelial cells through both direct and indirect mechanisms. Cellular rejection of porcine tissues requires T cells, particularly CD4^(+) cells. A new cytokine recombinant human interleukin-32α,β(IL-32α,β) has a role innate and acquired immune system. In order to investigate the role of recombinant mouse IL-18 and recombinant human IL-32α,β in xenograft rejection, we transplanted the PK(15) cells to C57BL/6 mice with or without intraperitoneal injection of recombinant mouse IL-18 or recombinant human IL-32 α,β. It was analyzed the population of NK cell, T cell and B cell in the C57BL/6 mice transplanted with PK(15) cells and recombinant mouse IL-18 or recombinant human IL-32α,β by flow cytometry analysis. As a result, lymph node and thymus of PK15/IL18, PK15/IL32α and PK15/IL32β injected group were increased to T cell activation population than normal injected groups. CD8^(+) T cells were decreased in lymph node of PK15/IL18, PK15/IL32α and PK15/IL32β injected groups. CD4^(+) T cells were increased in lymph node cell of PK15/IL32α and PK15/IL32β injected group and also, B cell population were increased in lymph node cell and spleen of PK15/IL18, PK15/IL32α and PK15/IL32β injected group. Therefore, we suggest that recombinant mouse IL-18 and recombinant human IL-32α,β suppress xenograft rejection in cellular xenotransplantation.

웹 문서 자동 분류를 위한 학습 방법에 관한 연구

韓光錄,尹德鎬,李仁政 湖西大學校工業技術硏究所 1999 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.18 No.-

In this paper, we implemented learning system and categorization system for categorizing internet documents. Learning system uses back propagation algorithm of neural network and, categorization system categorizes documents by using learning data from learning system. Web agent was used for retrieving documents from internet. We set 90 categories for learning and categorization. We evaluate the performance of learning and categorization system. Also, in this paper, we compare documents categorization performance to similarity measure of linear document vector.

만성정신분열병 환자에서 항정신병 약물과 병합한 Lithium의 임상적 효과

이정국,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1988 신경정신의학 Vol.27 No.2

The authors studied the clinical effects of Lithium combined with antipsychotics in 24 subjects who were diagnosed as chronic schizophrenia according to DSM-Ⅲ criteria ; they had not responded well to 2 or more classes of antipsychotics. And they have been maintained on the same dose for more than 2 weeks prior to this study. This study was conducted by placebo-controlled double-blind cross-over design, and BPRS(Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale), HDS(Hamilton Depression Scale), and MAS(Mania Scale) were used as rating scales. The results Were as follows; 1) Four of the 24 subjects were regarded as responders. Two of these four showed significant changes both on BPRS and HDS. The other two showed singificant changes in 3 comparisons out of 4 per each subject. In one comparison, the two-tailed P-values of both subjects were 0.0679, which almost reached significant level. 2) Discriminant analysis was done with the present age, age at onset, duration of illness and the baseline scores of BPRS of the responders and non-responders. Only the combination of 7 items in BPRG was found to be significant(p<0.00025). Of these 7 items, four were related to the depressive symptom(No 1,5,9,13), and three related to the schizophrenic symptom (No.4,8,11). 3) Discriminant function, which could predict Lithium responder and non-responder, was elicited by the combination of above 7 items. Applied to the subjects in this study, the discriminant function classified correctly all the responders and the non-responders. The group centroid of the responders was 4.18174, that of the non-responders was -0.83635, and on the discriminant score of 2.28687, the probability of being a responder or a non-responder was the same 50%. 4) There was no irreversible neurotoxicity induced by the combination of Lithium and antipsychotics, especially Haloperidol. With the above results, the authors suggested that although most of schizophrenic patients according to the DSM-Ⅲ criteria would not respond to the Lithium treatment, some would benefit from it, that the discriminant function might be useful in selection possible Lithium responder, and that within the usual therapeutic blood level of Lithium, the combination of antipsychotics and Lithium could be used even in the schizophrenic patients without the risk of irreversible brain damage.

포장재질에 따른 김치의 저장성Ⅰ

강미정,윤경영,이광희,윤광섭,김광수 대구효성가톨릭대학교 식품과학연구소 1997 식품과학지 Vol.9 No.-

수출용 김치에 주로 사용되고 있는 유리병을 대상으로 유통과정 중 상품성 유지와 더불어 저장성 향상을 도모하고자 포장방법에 따른 저장성 효과를 비교ㆍ실험하였다. 포장방법은 유리병을 이용하여 밀폐포장과 투과성 포장을 하였으며 내부 포장재로 사용한 PE film 두께별(0.01, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1㎜) 저장성 향상능력을 비교하였다. 포장김치는 10℃에서 28일간 저장하면서 pH 및 산도, 색도의 변화와 관능적 품질변호를 측정하였다. 저장기간에 따른 pH와 산도의 변화에서 포장방법간에 큰 차이는 없었으나 밀폐 포장의 경우 film 두께가 다소 얇은 0.06, 0.01㎜ 처리구에서, 투과성 포장의 경우 film 두께가 다소 두꺼운 0.06, 0.08㎜ 처리구에서 높은 pH와 낮은 산도를 나타내었다. 특히 0.06㎜ 처리구의 경우 포장방법에 관계없이 control이나 타처리구에 비해 완만한 pH와 산도변화를 나타내었고, 상미한계점이 연장될 뿐만 아니라 효모에 의한 연부현상이나 탄산가스에 의한 뚜껑의 개봉이나 폭발음 등의 현상이 나타나지 않았다. 색도 측정시 저장 14일을 전후로 증가하던 L, a, b값이 감소하는 경향이었으며 이는 밀폐 포장과 투과성 포장에서 동일하게 나타났다. 관능적 품질평가에서 포장방법간에 큰 차이는 없었으나 신맛과 조직김이 유의적인 관계가 있는 것으로 보였고, 상미한계점을 경과할수록 조직감이 기호도를 좌우하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 0.06㎜ 투과성 포장시 밀폐 포장보다 신맛이 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 저장 14일 이후부터는 0.06㎜ film 처리시 관능적 품질평가 전반에 걸쳐 우수한 것으로 인정(5%의 범위)되었다. 이상의 결과로 유리병포장의 경우 기체투과성이 높은 PE film으로 내부포장하는 것이 저장성 연장효과를 기대할 수 있으며, 특히 0.06㎜ film으로 밀폐 포장 또는 투과성 포장시 높은 저장성 연장효과와 더불어 탄산가스에 의한 팽창방지를 완화시킬 것으로 기대된다. The effect of various packaging methods on kimchi quality was investigated in order to develop the packaging techniques for preventing bottled kimchi products from inflation and expolsing, due to fermentative gas evolved during storage and distribution. Kimchi was packaged in bottle(400g) under atomosphere different methods; 1) control, 2) airtight packaging, 3) permeable packaging, Kimchi packaged with polyethylene(PE) film was stored at 10℃ and film thickness were used 0.01, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.1㎜. To evaluated quality change of kimchi, pH, acidity, color, and sensory score were measured periodically. Although pH and acidity change was not significant depending on the packaging method, airtight packaging with 0.06, 0.01㎜ film and permeable packaging with 0.06, 0.08㎜ film showed higher pH value and lower acidity then those of the others. Color change at kimchi as L, a, b value increased until 14 days and the decreased in airtight and permeable packaging. Sensory evaluation were not significant among packaging method during storage, but sour taste and texture scores were significant. Also, sour tast of permeable packaging with 0.06㎜ film showed higher than airtight packaging. After 14 days of storage, total sensory evaluation was excellent of packaging with 0.06㎜ film. Therefore, 0.06㎜ was found to be the most effective packaging method, although airtight and permeable packaging were not significant for storage properties.