Acrylate기를 갖는 Polydimethylsiloxane계 코팅 액의 제조와 그 특성

박승우(Seung Woo Bak),강호종(Ho Jong Kang),강두환(Doo Whan Kang) 한국고분자학회 2014 폴리머 Vol.38 No.2

α,ω-Hydroxypropyl기를 갖는 polydimethylsiloxane을 합성하고 이를 hexamethylenediisocyanate(HDI)의 고리화 반응으로 제조된 HDI trimer와 반응시켜 말단에 이소시아네이트 기를 갖는 PDMS 변성 urethane(PSU)을 제조하였다. 이소시아네이트기를 갖는 PSU와 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate를 urethane 반응으로 acrylate기를 갖는 PDMS변성 urethane base 수지(PSUA)를 제조하였으며, 이를 FTIR, NMR로 구조를 확인하여 분석하였다. 제조한 base 수지에 아크릴계 경화제, 광 개시제, 용매들을 혼합하여 코팅 액을 제조하였으며 이를 PET 필름에 도포하고 자외선으로 조사하여 고경도의 유연성을 갖는 코팅 막을 얻었다. 얻어진 코팅 막의 광 투과도는 89.7%, 연필경도는 3H, 접촉각은 88o였다. α,ω-Hydroxypropyl polydimethylsiloxane (HO-PDMS) was prepared by hydrosilylation of hydrogen ter-minated polydimethylsiloxane with allyl alcohol. Polydimethylsiloxane modified urethane with isocyanate group (PSU) was prepared from cyclic trimer of hexamethylenediisocyanate with HO-PDMS. PDMS modified urethane base resin with acrylic group (PSUA) was prepared from the urethane reaction of PSU with isocyanate group and 2-hydroxy-ethylmethacrylate. Their structures were characterized using FTIR and NMR. Coating materials were prepared by mixing PSUA, acrylic hardner, photo-initiator, and solvent and coated on PET film to obtain flexible and hard coating film by UV irradiation. Transparency of coating film was 89.7%, contact angle, 88o, and pencil hardness, 3H.

韓國의 山村마을 開發實態와 改善方向

孫喆鎬,張宇煥 한국산림경제학회 2002 산림경제연구 Vol.10 No.2

이 연구는 1995년 이후 현재 추진되고 있는 산촌마을 개발의 평가를 위해 2000년까지 사업이 완료된 산촌마을을 대상으로 하여 투자실적, 계획수립단계, 사업집행단계, 사업사후관리단계의 측면에서 개발실태와 문제점을 규명한 다음, 이를 토대로 향후 산촌마을 사업의 개선 방향을 모색코자 하였다. 산촌마을 개발실태의 평가 결과, 첫째, 계획수립단계에서 주민의 의사 반영 미진과, 마을간 개발계획의 차별성 부족이 제기되었고, 둘째, 사업추진단계에서 지역주민의 참여부족, 사업비에 토지매입비의 미반영, 지역주민들의 융자사업기피로 사업의 집행에 어려움을 겪고 있으며, 셋째, 사후관리단계에서 도입시설의 사후관리체계의 미비 및 사후관리비용의 부족으로 사후관리가 미약한 것으로 나타났다. 이를 개선하기 위해서는 첫째, 산촌마을 개발의 계획 수립단계에서 지역주민을 중심으로 산촌개발협의체 구성과 수립된 계획의 타당성 검토를 강화, 둘째로, 산촌개발사업의 집행 단계에서는 지역주민 중심의 사업추진체제로의 점진적 전환과 사업비의 효율적 집행을 위해 보조사업 분야 조정 및 확대, 융자금의 이용조건 완화, 셋째로, 산촌개발사업의 사후관리 단계에서는 사후관리체계 및 도입 시설에 대한 사후관리비 지원 관련 제도적 장치를 강구하도록 한다. This research was carried out to closely examine the status and problems of mountain village development completed until 2000 by processing steps of the project such as the plan establishment step, the project execution step, and the post management step, and then to grope improvement direction of the project. According to the results, at the plan establishment step, mountain village development plan did not sufficiently reflect inhabitants' suggestions and the distiction among mountain village. Secondly, at the project execution step, the execution of the project was suffered from non-reflection of land purchase cost, finace business evasion of residents, and weak organic cooperation system among residents, company, and local government. Thirdly, at the post management step, local residents' dissatis - faction was grown up because of unprepared post management system and the non - appropriateness of management cost for introduced facilities. The direction to improve these controversial points is as follows : Firstly, at the plan establishment step of the project, it is needed to compose the organization of mountain village development negotiation with local residents so that local residents' intention can be sufficiently reflected. And it is needed to solidify the propriety examination of the plan. Secondly, at the execution step of the project, it is needed to change gradually the propulsion burden of the project from local govemment officer to local residents, to mitigate the condition of loan, and to adjust the subsid items of the project. Thirdly, at the post management step, it is needed to clarify the post management system of the project, and to reflect the fund for the facilitied that post management is required.

韓國의 山村振興 現況과 展望에 관한 硏究

張宇煥,孫喆鎬 한국산림경제학회 2002 산림경제연구 Vol.10 No.2

이 연구는 첫째, 산촌의 개념과 범위, 산촌의 실태와 문제상황 등을 이론적으로 검토하고, 둘째, 1995년 이후 현재 추진되고 있는 산촌개발사업의 효과와 문제점을 규명한 다음, 셋째, 이를 토대로 향후 산촌진흥의 기본방향과 정책개선 방향을 모색코자 하였다. 1995년 시작된 산촌개발사업은 2002년 현재 47개 마을이 완료되었으며, 61개 마을이 사업추진 중이거나 사전설계중이다. 이 사업은 지자체와 지역주민으로부터 호응도가 높지만, 사업의 성격, 계획수립단계, 사업집행단계, 사업사후관리단계 등의 측면에서 상당한 문제점도 내포하고 있다. 따라서 산촌진흥을 포괄적으로 규정할 수 있는 독립적인 산촌진흥법(안)을 제정함으로서 산촌개발사업의 원활한 추진과 효과를 제고할 필요가 있다. 그리고 산촌지역의 지속적인 발전을 도모하기 위해서는 산촌 관련 이해 당사자간의 횡적ㆍ종적 연대를 강화하고, 조건불리지역 산촌에 대한 직접지불제, 우수 산촌개발마을에 대한 인센티브제, 도농교류 활성화 프로그램 및 산촌유학제도 등의 신규제도를 도입할 필요가 있다. This study was tried to discuss the concept, area, status, and problems of mountain village, to identify the effects and the difficulties of package development project of mountain village, and to find out principles and political improvement directions. Package development project of mountain villages has been carried out since 1995; 15 villages on initial design, 46 villages on the business propulsion, and 47 villages in project completion. The project is judged to be effective to keep or increase mountain village's population and households, to increase income, and to improve liveing environments. But the project has also many problems in the identity, planning, processing, and post management. So, it inferior liveing condition. And also, to take sustainable development of mountain village, it is needed to intensify across and downward joint of respondence related to mountain development, and to introduce the schemes such as incentive, studying in mountain village, intercourse between mountain and urban area.

Retinoic acid에 의해 유발된 흰쥐의 구개열에서 Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1, 2, 3의 발현의 변화

김종환,박진혁,신선호,윤혜경,김우형,이희철 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.4

Objective : Craniofacial malformations are among the most frequent congenital birth defects in humans : cleft palate, that is inadequate fusion of the palatal shelves. Retinoic acid is teratogenic in many species, producing multiple malformations, including cleft palate. Also it plays an important role in embryogenesis, by regulating morphogenesis, cell proliferation, differentiation, and deposition of the extracellular matrix. The effects of retinoic acid which leads to cleft palate vary depending on the stage of development exposed. After exposure of embryonic mice to retinoic acid on gestational day(GD) 10, abnormally small palatal shelves form. And the elevation of palatal shelves is delayed. The growth and differentiation factor, transforming growth factor-beta(TGFβ) family is thought to play important roles in multiple developmental processes, especially, the development of the embryonic palate. The expression of the TGFβ family in embryonic palate suggests a functional role for these molecules. In this study, author has determined the tissue distributions of TGFβ family in murine embryonic palate, and compared them in terms of developmental stage and locations in normal and retinoic acid-induced cleft palate. Methods and Material : Retinoic acid was administered orally at gestational day(GD) 10 to ICR mice. The pregnant mice were sacrifeced on GD 12, 13. 14, 15 to obtain the fetuses and immunohistochemistry was performed. And using the scanning electron microscope, morphology of normal palate and cleft palate was studied. Results : In the retinoic acid-treated fetuses, palatal shelves did not elevate and cleft palate was induced. On GD 13 in the palates of the retinoic acid-treated fetuses, expression of the TGFβ1, 3 decreased dramatically, but that of TGFβ2, did not change. The expression of the TGFβ1, 3 in the palates of the retinoic acid-treated fetuses, increased on GD 14, 15, Significant differences in TGFβ family expression were observed with areas of the palate. Conclusion : These results suggest that retinoic acid inhibits the expression of TGFβ 1, 3, which is critical in the developing palate, and elevation of palatal shelves is delayed and impaired, therefore cleft palate is induced. These data demonstrate a role for retinoic acid and retinoic aicd-induced TGFβ family in the regulation of palatal development and suggest a role for TGFβ in retinoic acid-induced cleft palate.

병식 평가 척도-한국판(SUMD-K)의 신뢰도와 타당도 검증

송지영,김기태,이서경,김용희,노준호,김종우,장환일,반건호,강원섭 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.4

Objectives : This study was conducted to evaluate the reliability and the validity of the Korean version of the Scale to Assessment Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD-K). Methods : The subjects were 55 schizophrenic patients between ages of 26 and 58 who were recruited from the psychiatric unit of the university hospital and the out-patient clinic. The SUMD-K and insight scale of PANSS were applied to the patients. Results : The range of inter-rater (Spearman's rho) of the general items of SUMD-K were .97-.98 on the current illness and .58-.98 on the past illness. The correlation coefficient between the sum and the general items of the SUMD-K showed high scores. The concurrent validity between SUMD-K and insight item of PANSS was high (scores between .59-.96). However,the reliability and the validity of the attribution items of symptoms showed low scores compared to the current symptoms. Conclusion : The SUMD-K was confirmed in its reliability and validity. It can be a useful clinician-rating scale for evaluating insight in schizophrenic patients as well as patients with other neuropsychiatric conditions.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1994)

김재홍,안진균,정성재,김영태,김중환,김시영,이석종,이홍렬,서호석,김경훈,권혁진,정우권,고우석,이용석,안필수,오준규,오용섭 대한화학요법학회 1996 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Background : In recent years gonorrhoea has been panendemic and remains one of the most common Sexually Transmitted Diseases in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Method : For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae(PPNG), Ive have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results : In 1994, 168 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 109 (64,9% ) were PPNG. Conclustion : Our results suggests that the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is still increasing.

Detection of MecA Gene in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus by Multiplex-PCR, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of MRSA

( Hyean Woo Lee ),( Joon Ho Yoon ),( Joon Hyung Sohn ),( Kyoung Ho Lee ),( Byung Il Yeh ),( Deok Woo Park ),( Hyun Won Kim ),( Jong Whan Choi ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2003 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.13 No.3

Novel compact dual-band LOROP camera with telecentricity.

Park, Kwang-Woo,Han, Jeong-Yeol,Bae, Jongin,Kim, Sug-Whan,Kim, Chang-Woo,Rhee, Hyug-Gyo,Yang, Ho-Soon,Lee, Yun-Woo Optical Society of America 2012 Optics express Vol.20 No.10

<P>We report a new dual band compact oblique photography camera (LC11) that is the first to benefit from the incorporation of telecentricity. LC11 has a common front end F/6.6 telescope with 280 mm in aperture that forms its electro-optical (EO, F/7.5) and MWIR (F/5.6) modules. The design allows a substantial reduction in volume and weight due to i) the EO/MWIR compensator and relay lens groups arranged very close to the primary mirror (M1), and ii) light-weighted M1 and SiC main frame (MF) structure. Telecentricity of up to 2 and 0.2 degrees for the EO and MWIR modules, respectively, is achieved by balancing optical power among all lenses. The initial field test shows 0.32 0.05 (EO)/0.20 0.06 (MWIR) in measured MTF at 28 (EO) and 13 (MWIR) cycles/mm in target frequency, and an improved operability with a greater reduction in operational volume and mass than other existing LOROP cameras.</P>

출혈성 쇽의 소생 시 Dopamine 과 Dobutamine 이 혈역학 및 점막 관류에 미치는 영향

최진환,최용우,문세호,홍성진,정동석,이지영,김종분 대한마취과학회 2001 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.41 No.3

The Comparative Effects of Dopamine and Dobutamine of Hemodynamics and Gastrointestinal Perfusion in Resuscitation of Hemorrhagic Shock Sung Jin Hong, M.D., Ji Young Lee, M.D., Jin Whan Choi, M.D. Yong Woo Choi, M.D., Se HO Moon, M.D., Dong Suk Chung, M.D. and Jong Bun Kim, M.D. Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Background: Preservation of intestinal perfusion is considered the goal of resuscitation because derangement of gut perfusion is the major factor in multi-organ dysfunction. Gut intramucosal pH measured by tonocap, has been proven to be the sensitive monitor of gut mucosal perfusion. The effects of vasoactive agents on regional blood flow and cellular metabolism remain unclear. This study was done to examine the effects of dopamine or dobutamine on systemic hemodynamics and splanchnic perfusion assessed by gastric intramucosal pH (pHi) during resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock. Methods: Thirty anesthetized dogs were bled to 30-40 mmHg of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and maintained at the shock state for 90 minutes. Cardiac output and arterial and mixed venous blood gas data was measured for the global assessment of circulation and oxygenation. Gastric intramucosal pH(pHi) and CO_2 tension (P_rCO_2) and the difference of arterial and gastric intramucosal CO_2 tension (CO_2gap) were measured for the assessment of splanchnic perfusion. Dogs were resuscitated with shed blood and a crystalloid solution at the maintenance dose (control group, n = 10). Dopamine (4 ㎍/kg/min, dopamine group[, n = 10) or dobutamine (7 ㎍/kg/min, dobutamine group, n = 10 ) was added from the start of volume replacement and maintained for a follow-up period of 180 minutes. Results: Cardiac index and global oxygen delivery and consumption were increased after resuscitation in all groups. These parameters were significantly higher in the dopamine or the dobutamine groups than in the control group (P < 0.05), and significantly higher in the dopamine group than in the dobutamine group (P < 0.05). The pHi, P_rCO_2) and CO_2 gap were not improved from the values of shock state after volume resuscitation in the control group. The pHi, P_rCO_2 and CO_2 gap were significantly improved from the values of shock state after resuscitation in the dopamine group (P < 0.005), but not different from the control group. The pHi, P_rCO_2 and the CO_2 gap were significantly improved from the value of shock state after resuscitation in the dobutamine group and maintained significantly higher than in the control group for the follow-up period (P < 0.05). Compared to the dopamine group, the pHi increased early and was higher in the dobutamine group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: We conclude that dobutamine is effective in improving gut mucosal oxygenation during early resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock. Dopamine has little effect on the restoration of gut mucosal oxygenation. Considering the better recovery of cadiac index and global oxygenation parameters in the dopamine group, this finding could be explained by the redistribution of cardiac output or imbalance of oxygen metagolism occuring in the dopamine group. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2001; 41: 365~377)