FCT 5 : Fractional laser-assisted topical imiquimod 5% cream treatment for recalcitrant common warts in children

( Hyun Chang Ko ),( Jeong Min Kim ),( Hyun Ho Cho1 ),( Won Jeong Kim ),( Je Ho Mun ),( Margaret Song ),( Hoon Soo Kim ),( Byung Soo Kim ),( Moon Bum Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2

Background: Conventional destructive modalities for warts like cryotherapy or laser ablation have some limitations that are excruciating pain during procedure, in especially pediatric patients. Imiquimod is a topical immune response modifier that was approved for treating genital and perianal warts. But, thick stratum corneum of common warts may act as a barrier against drug permeation via the skin. Objectives: To evaluate efficacy and safety of above treatment. Methods: Eleven pediatric patients (6 female and 5 male, mean age 12.5 years) were included in this study. The lesions were treated by fractional 2940 nm Er:YAG laser for achieving the penetration of stratum corneum with 1 or 2 weeks intervals. Then, imiquimod 5% cream was self-applied once daily for 5 days a week. Assessment of response and adverse effects was performed every 2 weeks until complete clearance or up to maximum of 48 weeks. Pain during procedure was checked by VAS (0-10). Results: 8 out of 11 (72.7%) patients experienced complete clearance of all warts lesions. Mean duration of total treatment was 29.7 (16-48) weeks. Mean number of fractional laser treatment was 17.5 (8-37) times. No significant adverse effect was observed. VAS score of the pain during fractional laser treatment was 2.4 (1-4), comparing with 6.2 (5-8) during cryotherapy. Conclusion: Fractional ErYAG laser-assisted topical 5% imiquimod cream is an effective and safe treatment option for recalcitrant common warts of the children do not tolerate pain well.

야뇨증 환아들의 심리사회적 특성에 대한 다기관 연구 : 행동 및 정서 문제를 중심으로

조수철,김재원,신민섭,황준원,한상원,박관현,이상돈,김경도,김건석,서홍진,이유식,정재용,김영균,문두건,남궁미경,한창희,조원열,김영식,배기수,이종국,정우영,신의진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the behavioral and emotional problems associated with nocturnal enuresis in Korean children. Methods : Three hundred eighteen children with nocturnal enuresis, together with their parents, completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Disruptive Behavior Disorder Scale according to DSM-IV (DBDS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSC). Ninety-three normal students were selected as the control group. Results : Compared to the normal control group, the mean scores with regard to the withdrawn, social problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems profiles were significantly higher in the nocturnal enuresis group according to the CBCL results. The nocturnal enuresis group also scored significantly higher in the ADHD and ODD profiles of the DBDS. The nocturnal enuresis group was more depressed and anxious than the control group according to the results of the CDI and STAI. The mean score of the PHCSC was significantly lower in the nocturnal enuresis group when compared to the normal control group. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that children with nocturnal enuresis in Korea have clinically relevant behavioral and emotional problems. The findings support the link between nocturnal enuresis and psychopathology in Korean children.

도시체계의 형성과정

조현수 평택대학교 1996 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

연쇄상구균을 실험감염시킨 넙치치어의 병리조직학적 관찰

조성환,류시윤,김현수,박배근,김덕환,손화영,윤원기,신창호 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1999 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.7 No.-

Pathological observations were examined after abdominal inoculation in 7∼8㎝ sized flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) with 1X10^7 cfu/㎖ of Streptococcus faecalis. The infected flounder were clinically observed and weighed a fish body at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 days post inoculation. In infected group, mortality were 70% and feed efficiency were 7.2%. In non-infected group, mortality were 10% and feed efficiency were 18.2%. Macroscopically, the significant lesions were characterized by protrusions and opacity of the eyes and ulcer of the caudal pecuncle. Histopathologically, the lesions were observed a degeneration. necrosis and inflammatory cells in muscle of the caudal peduncle and a degeneration and necrosis of the rod cells and detached retina from the black pigmented layer

최근 10년간 마취에 관한 임상적 고찰 (Ⅲ)

조현숙,김윤희,손수창,김혜자,최세진 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

To evaluate the specificity and the historical trends of the anesthetic agents and anesthetic methods used in Chungnam national university hospital, anesthetic experiences of 53,291 in total performed at Chungnam national university hospital from January 1987 to December 1996 were analized statistically and clinically according to age, sex, surgical department, physical status, elective to emergency surgery, premedicants, induction agents, anesthetic methods, main anesthetic agent, anesthetic technique and muscle relaxants. The results were as follows : L The number of cases has been steadily increased in annually. 2. The distribution of the number of patients according to the age were cases 37,309(70.02%) in the group of 13-60 years. 3. There were 27,448 male (51.5%) and 25,843 female (48.5%) cases. 4. 9,208 cases (17.27%) were OB-GY, 9,162 cases (17.19%) in general surgery, 7,936 cases(14.89%) in orthopedic surgery, and 6,079 cases (11.4%) in ENT in order of numbers. 5. According to the ASA classification of physical status , most of the cases were belonged to the class 1 (38.69%) class 2 (40.33%) class 1E (5.52%) class 2E (5.71%). Almost cases were relatively in good physical status. 6. The number of elective to emergency was 7,833 (89.76%), to 5,458 (10.24%) cases. 7. As premedicants, a group of glycopyrrolate (35.20%) was given most frequently. 8. Thiopental sodium has been mainly used for intravenous induction agent. 9. General anesthesia has been used as main method of anesthesia. 10. Enflurane was the most commonly used anesthetic agent. 11. Vecuronium was the most commonly used non-depolarizing muscle relaxant.

연마 다듬질 가공면의 표면 미세형상 평가에 관한 연구

조남규,김현국,권기환,한창수,안유민,이성환,박균명 한국공작기계학회 2000 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2000 No.-

This paper describes the statistical analysis techniques for the surface roughness assessment of polished surfaces. In experiments, the polishing process of the sample surfaces which are manufactured by ball end mill is consist of two steps; the cusp removal process and the surface finishing process. For the cusp removal process, the criterion of cusp removal was established from the power spectrum analysis to assess the change of the cusp removal rate. For the finishing process, the surface was polished by the rotational CBN tool and vibration wood tool. And the surface quality of polished surface was assessed using the functional parameters based on the statistical values of surface profiles. Consequently, the surface finish performance of the polished surface using the vibration wood tool was improved.

21세기를 향한 국가기술자격제도의 발전방안 연구 : New Directions Towards the 21st Century

조정윤,박종성,김현수 한국산업교육학회 1999 산업교육연구 Vol.6 No.-

21세기를 대비한 국가기술자격제도의 발전 방안을 국가 경쟁력 확보 측면에서 모색하기 위해 이 연구에서는 국제 경제 환경 변화에 따른 주요국의 자책제도 대응 방향을 살펴봄으로써 우리나라 국가기술자격제도에 반영해야 할 시사점을 도출하였다. 이와 함께 국가기술자격제도의 운영 실태를 파악하고 자격제도에 관한 요구를 파악하기 위해서 39개 기관을 방문하여 넓은 의미의 국가기술자격 관리자들을 대상으로 면담조사를 수행하였고, 기 국가기술자격 취득자 480명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 의견을 수렴하였다. 이상의 연구를 통해 21세기를 향한 국가기술자격제도의 발전 방향을 기술·기능 분야의 합리화 방안, 서비스 분야의 합리화 방안, 자격 취득자의 사회적 우대 방안, 자격 정보체제구축 방안, 기초직업능력과의 연계 방안, 민간자격으로 관리·운영의 전환 방안, 국제적 통용성 확보 방안, 통합 국가자격체제 구축 방안으로 나누어서 제시하였다. There are strong links between a nation's economic prosperity, its international competitiveness, and the competency of its population. As international competition intensifies and the rate of economic and technological change accelerates, advanced countries increasingly strive to improve their competitiveness by reforming their national qualification systems. With the advent of the information age and the knowledge- based society, human resource development has become a key factor in determining a nation's competitiveness. And technological qualificatior systems have a direct and significant influence on human resource development. In order to guarantee Korea's continued development as a competitive member of the international community, it is demanded that a Korean Technology Qualification System(KTQS) be established to set Ae nation's future course for the 21st century. Extensive and concrete development plans for KTQS in 21st centry are as follows: First of all, it is essential tc prepare policies for improving the effectiveness and suitability of KTQS and its operations as they apply to the domains of technology and craft. Second, in terms of the service fields, policy measures should be taken to improve and guarantee the diversity of qualification items. Third, appropriate policy measures should be taken in order to raise the general social status of NTQ holders. Fourth, policies should be introduced which will allow for the enhancement of generic competency under the qualification system. Fifth, appropriate policies should be prepared to facilitate a partial transition from a state-run qualification system to a private system. Sixth, with the recent development of international agreements on profession qualifications, it is important to guarantee that Korean qualifications have a common, international currency. Finally, it is imperative that policies be prepared which can establish the necessary foundations for the unification of national qualifications under a single NQ.

1997년 포항지역에서 유행한 소아 무균성 뇌막염의 임상상

조성민,김나연,정진화,김수근,임현술 동국대학교 의학연구소 1998 東國醫學 Vol.5 No.-

1997년 포항지역에서 유행한 소아 무균성뇌막염의 임상상을 고찰하고 이 질환의 발생과 환자가 당시에 사용하던 식수와의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 1997년 5월부터 1997년 10월까지 동국대학교 의료원 포항병원소아과에 내원하여 무균성뇌막염으로 진단 받은 78명의 환아들을 대상으로 의무기록의 후향적 분석 및 식수에 관한 전화 조사를 실시하였다. 환아의 남녀비는 1.23:1이었으며 5-6세군에서 가장 많았다. 월별 분포는 5월에 시작하여 10월까지 발생하였으나 6월과 9월에 점유율이 높았다. 임상 증상 및 증후로는 발열이 가장 많았고(96.2%), 구토(89.7%), 두통(84.6%), 경부강직(73.1%), 인두 발적(71.8%), 식욕부진(52.6%) 등의 순으로 나타났다. 혈액검사 소견으로 백혈구수가 10,000/㎣ 이상으로 증가한 경우가 54.5%였고, 혈침치가 20mm/h 이상인 경우가 29.0%였으며, C반응단백이 0.5mg/dl 이상인 경우가 84.1%였다. 뇌척수액 검사소견은 백혈구수가 13-860/㎣으로 평균 241.2/㎣였고, 단백량은 평균 78.4mg/dl, 당량은 평균 70.8mg/dl였다. 합병증이나 후유증이 발생한 경우는 없었다. 발병 당시의 식수에 관한 전화 조사는 46명에서 가능하였는데 생수를 끓이지 않고 먹는 경우가 13명(28.3%), 생수를 끊여 먹는 경우가 11명(23.9%), 상수를 끓이지 않고 먹는 경우는 2명(4.3%), 상수를 끓여 먹는 경우는 20명(43.5%)으로 전체적으로 보면 물을 끓여 먹는 경우가 31명(67.4%), 물을 끓이지 않고 먹는 경우는 15명(32.6%)으로 나타났다. 본 조사에서는 무균성뇌막염이 발생하지 않은 대조군의 설정이 되지 않았고, 표본의 크기가 매우 작으며, 식수 이외의 물을 통한 전파에 관한 조사가 이루어지지 않아 본 조사 자료만으로는 무균성뇌막염의 발생과 식수와의 관계를 밝히기 어려웠다. 이를 밝히기 위해서는 지역 주민을 대상으로 한 역학조사와 무균성뇌막염이 유행할 당시에 식수 및 식수 이외에 사용하는 물에 대한 역학 조사 및 바이러스 검사 등이 필요할 것으로 생각한다. This study was performed to evaluate the clinical features of aseptic meningitis in Pohang City in 1997 and its relationship to drinking water. We reviewed the clinical records of 78 aseptic meningitis patients who had been admitted to Dongguk University Pohang Hospital, and investigated the drinking water of patients by telephone survey. The results were as follows: 1) The ratio of male to female was 1.23:1. 2) The aseptic meningitis occurred in children of all age groups, but was most prevalent in 5-6year old children. 3) All the cases developed from May to October, but they showed two peaks in June and September. 4) Fever was the most common clinical manifestation(96.2%), followed by vomiting(89.7%), headache(84.6%), neck rigidity(73.1%), pharyngeal injection(71.8%), and anorexia(52.6%). 5) On admission leukocytosis(WBC > 10,000/㎣) on peripheral blood was showed in 64.5%, and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate(≥ 20 mm/h) in 29.0%, and increased C-reactive protein(≥ 0.5 mg/dl) in 84.1%. 6) On CSF examination, leukocyte count was in the range of 13 to 860/㎣ (mean 241.2/㎣), protein in the range of 0 to 253 mg/dl(mean 78.4 mg/dl), and glucose in the range of 35 to 115 mg/dl(mean 70.8 mg/dl). 7) There was no case who developed any complication. 8) On the telephone survey about the drinking water, we were able to do the survey in 46 cases, raw underground water was used in 13 cases(23.8%), boiled underground water in 11 cases(23.9%), raw tap water in 2 cases(4.3%), and boiled tap water in 20 cases(43.5%). We could not identify the close relationship between the drinking water and aseptic meningitis because of the small sample size, the absence of control group, and the difficulties in the study of past event. Epidemiologic and virologic studies of drinking water will be necessary.

황토 급여가 거세한우의 발육에 미치는 영향

조원모,기광석,정하연,강수원,김준식,백봉현,김용국 한국국제농업개발학회 2003 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.15 No.1

본 연구는 거세한우 육성우에 대한 황토 첨가급여가 발육에 미치는 효과를 구명하고자 발육능력, 사료섭취량을 규명한 바 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. 전 시험기간 동안의 평균 일당증체량은 대조구와 황토급여구가 각각 0.91㎏과 0.87㎏/day로 대조구가 높은 것으로 나타났지만 유의성은 인정되지 않았다. 사료섭취량은 대조구와 황토급여구 모두 평균 일일 두당 농후사료 섭취량이 2.42㎏이었으나, 건초섭취량에 있어서는 각각 3.02와 3.14㎏으로 황토급여구가 다소 높은 경향으로 나타났다. The study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplements of reddish clay on the growth performance in growing Hanwoo steers. A total of 8 calves was allocated into 2 feeding groups, control(basal diet) and treatment(basal diet plus ad libitim Reddish clay) for Hanwoo steers. This study was carried out for 5 months with a total of 8 calves. The results obtained in the present studies are summarized as follows : Average daily gains throughout the experimental period of 4 months to 9 months of age were 0.91 and 0.87㎏ for control group and reddish clay-supplemented group, respectively, however, no statistical significances were found. Average daily intake of concentrates was 2.42㎏ for each group, while that of hay tended to be higher in reddish clay-supplemented group(3.14㎏) than in control group(3.02㎏).

HGCMP기반 서버 시스템상의 전달지연 연구

조현주,김한수,이광휘 昌原大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1995 基礎科學硏究所論文集 Vol.7 No.-

In this thesis, the message transmission delay on a server system using HGCMP for group communication protocol was analyzed. The queue model of a server system was modeled by queueing theoretic approach. As the feedback structure was imbedded in the queue model, it is difficult to analyze the delay. To solve this problem, the simplification of the queue model was performed. After the simplification process, the queue model was modeled M/M/1. The transmission delay of a server system is calculated using average waiting time and service time in a server system.