전략적인적자원개발 : 현장인력의 다능화를 위한 능력개발프로그램 설계 A Design of the Skill Management Programme

김강식,윤문길 한국항공대학교 경영연구소 1995 경영연구 Vol.2 No.1

능력개발은 기업의 기술축적적인 효과 이외에 경영조직의 활성화의 원동력이 된다. 능력 개발은 기능, 지식의 습득을 통한 종업원의 전문적 능력의 향상 이외에 태도의 변화를 통한 종업원의 성취동기를 형성시켜 노동의욕을 증진시키며, 조직의 활성화를 촉진시키는 요소가 된다. 기업의 능력개발이 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해서는 각 기업의 사정에 알맞은 능력개발체계의 개발이 필요하다. 이제까지 우리나라의 기업에서는 종업원의 능력개발이 비교적 소홀히 취급되어온 경우가 많고 오늘날에도 대부분의 기업은 인재의 육성 및 개발을 위한 장기적인 프로그램을 가지고 있지 않은 실정이다. 현장인력 인사관리에 있어서 가장 큰 문제점은 기업측에서는 숙련형성 및 기술형성이 제대로 이루어지지 않고 있는 점이고, 현장인력측에서는 능력개발 및 승진의 제약으로 인한 자기성장 및 자기발전의 욕구좌절이라고 할 수 있다. 보다 구체적으로 볼 때 대부분의 기업에서 현장인력에게는 승진제한과 더불어 직무확대를 통한 직무순환이 거의 이루어지지 않고 있는 실정이다. 그결과 일반적으로 현장인력은 하나의 직무를 맡은 후 근속년수가 증가함에 따라 일정년수까지는 능력이 향상되지만, 그 이후에는 정체 혹은 감소하게 되는 경우가 대부분이다. 따라서 현재의 현장인력 노무관리 및 능력관리는 현장인력의 단능화를 초래하고 있고 이는 나아가서 기업의 생산성 향상을 저해하는 요인으로 나타나고 있다. 이러한 현장인력의 단능화의 극복은 무엇보다도 체계적인 직무로테이션을 통하여 이루어질 수 있다. 따라서 직무순환제도를 활성화하여 현장인력을 다능화하기 위해서는 직무확대로 능력이 향상(숙련형성)되면 이에 상응한 보상을 함으로써, 능력향상(숙련형성)에 대한 동기를 유발시킬 수 있는 직급체곌ㄹ 구축하는 것이 바람직하다. 현장인력의 다능화를 위해서는 현장인력이 입사 후 근속년수가 늘어감에 따라 개개인의 능력이 점진적인 단계를 밟아 기업이 요구하는 수준으로 신장되도록 하고, 그에 따라 자신의 자격등급이 올라가게 하여 적성과 직위등을 고려한 적합한 직무를 부여하여 업적에 공헌토록 하면서 그에 상응한 처우와 보상을 하는 인사관리가 필요하다. 현장인력의 능력개발방향은 직무의 성격과 현장인력 개개인의 능력 및 적성, 희망에 따라 다시 크게 두가지 방향으로 나누어질 수 있는데 이는 피라밋형 다능화와 수직적 다능화로 이름지을 수 있다. 이를 위해서는 기업이 기대하는 직무수행능력을 찾아내어서 이를 직종별, 등급별로 구분하여 이를 바탕으로 육성, 평가 및 처우를 하여야 하는데 여기에서는 무엇보다도 능력자격등급의 설계가 중요하다.

관해유도 항암요법을 받는 백혈병 환자에서 진균 감염증의 예방 : 무작위 배정법과 이중 눈가림법에 의한 Fluconazole과 Nystain의 효과에 관한 다기관 공동연구 A Randomized, Double-blind, Multicenter Trial to Compare Fluconazole with Nystatin

최강원,오명돈,배현주,백경란,박선양,김병국,신완식,강문원,진종률,박종원,김춘추,김동집,한지숙,민유홍,이선주,고윤웅 대한화학요법학회 1993 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.11 No.2

Fluconazole의 진균 감염증 예방 효과와 안전성에 관하여 3개 대학병원에서 관해유도화학요법을 받는 급성 백혈병환자를 대상으로 무작위 배정법과 너도나도 누가림법에 의하여 연구하였다. 모두 62명의 환자에게 fluconazole(100㎎ bid) 또는 nystatin(1,000,000IU/day)을 무작위로 투여하였다. 투약은 관해유도화학요법과 같은 날짜에 시작하여 호중구수가 1,000㎣이상으로 회복되거나 진균 감염증이 확인되거나 의심되어 Amphotericin-B를 시작하거나, 약과 관련된 부작용이 나타날 때까지 계속하였다. 진균 colonization은 fluconazole군에서 감소하였으나 nystqatin군에서는 증가하였다, 표재성 진균감염증으로 nystatin군에서 C. albicans 진균혈증 1례와 C.parasilosis 진균혈중 1례가 발생하였다. 경험적 항진균요법으로 Amphotericin-B를 투여한 경우는 fluconazolerns 34명중 7례(21%), nystatinrns 28명중 10례(36%)였다(p<0.05). Fluconazole군과 nystatin군 사이에 부작용이나 사망률에 차이는 없었다. 결론적으로, fluconazole은 관해유도화학요법을 받는 급성 백혈병환자에서 진균의 colonization을 줄이는데 효과적이고 안전한 항진균제이다. We made a randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial to compare the efficacy and safety of fluconazole with nystatin for prevention of fungal infections in patients with acute leukemia. Sixty-two adult undergoing remission induction chemotherapy for cute leukemia were enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either fluconazole (100㎎ bid) or nystatin(1,000,000IU×6/day) with corresponding placebo. The study drug was started in initiation of chemotherapy and continued until recovery of neutrophil counts(>1,000/㎣), development of proven or suspected invasive fungal infection, or the occurrence of drug-related toxicity. Fungal colonization decreased in fluconazole(F) group, however increased in nystain(n) group. Superficial fungal infection occurred in 1 of 34 F group, whereas invasive fungal infection developed in 3 of 28 N group. Empirical amphotericin-B therapy was given in 7 of 34(21%) F group and 10 of 28(36%) N group(p>0.05). The incidence of drug-related side effects and overall moratlity were similar in both study groups.

Effects of dietary supplementation with probiotic CS-A on performance in broiler chickens

Seong Soo Kang1*, Se Eun Kim, Ara Go, Kyung Mi Shim, Chun Sik Bae, Chang Jong Moon, Sung-Ho Kim, Jong-Choon Kim, Jin-Cheol Yoo, Seung Sik Cho 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.3

Probiotics, enzymes, organic acids, oligosaccharides, antioxidants, and other functional materials are actively being explored as alternatives to antibiotics. Probiotics include live beneficial microorganisms that colonize the intestinal tract and competitively inhibit attachment and growth of harmful microbes. Probiotics also increase feed efficiency by assisting in nutrient absorption and digestion. The current study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of a new probiotic, CS-A, as a dietary supplement of a fermented product on growth performance, feed intake, and feed conversion efficiency in broiler chickens, and to evaluate its value as an alternative for antibiotics used as a feed additive. Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of CS-A were investigated in vitro and the in vivo effects of a constant concentration of supplemented CS-A on growth rate and feed efficiency were evaluated. In addition, the safety of CS-A was assessed by examination of common symptoms and mortality. Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration revealed an excellent antibacterial effect of CS-A. Cytotoxicity was low and anti-inflammatory effects were achieved at the effective concentration of CS-A. Supplementation with 0.1% CS-A resulted in a feed efficiency score of 1.84 in broilers, compared to 2.00 in the control group. There were no adverse clinical findings, necropsy findings, hematology, and altered serum biochemistry parameters, and no mortality. Thus, it is concluded that CS-A is safe and effective as a feed additive.

성인원외폐렴의 원인미생물에대한 전향적 다기관 연구 : 성인원외폐렴의 원인으로 세균의 역할을 중심으로

우준희,강재명,김양수,신완식,류진홍,최정현,김양리,정희진,어수택,박춘식,정문현,정기석,이찬주,류지소 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.1

Background : Communite-acquired peumonia (CAP) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Despite progress in diagnostic techniques and treatments, management of pneumonia remains challenging, because the precise etiology remains uncertain in as many as 49% of cases. The limitaions of identifying etiologic agents make it necessary to use empiric antibiotics in almost all patients, and furthermore emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms pose difficulties to the selection of an empiric antibiotic regimen. For the optimal choice of empirical antibiotics, we should know the frequency of etiologic agents and antimicrobial resistance rates in the community. Methods : A prospective multicenter study of community-acquired pneumonia in Korea was carried out between May 1997 and April 2000. The microbiologic diagnosis was based on the results of sputum culture, blood culture and pleural culture. Results : Five hundred eighty eight cases of community-acquired peumonia in 562 patients admitted to the hospitals. The mean age was 59.9 with male predominance (58.3%), and 370 (63%) had underlyin gillness. The etiologic agents were identified in 38.3%, and the list of individual agents, in decreasing order, was Streprococcus pneumoniae (21.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.8%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.5%), viridans group streptococci (5.7%), Enterobacter cloacae (4.2%), Hemophillus Influenza (3.8%), The rates of admission to the intensive care unit was 10.4%. The motality was 7.1%. Susceptible rates of S. pneumoniae to penicillin was 36.6% and showed multidrug resistant. Forty percents of S. aureus were methicillin-resistant S. aureus. K. penumoniae were susceptible to cephalosporin and quinolone. Conclusion : In Korea, S.pneumoniae is the most important agent causing community-acquired pneumonia. Susceptible rates of S. pneumoniae to penicillin was 36.6% and showed multidrug resistant. Gram negative bacteria such as K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa showed high incidence when compared with that of other countries. Most of them had underlying diseases including bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:1∼7, 2001)

Mirizzi 증후군의 변형된 분류와 치료

김형철,강길호,채만규,김성용,백무준,이문수,박상흠,이문호,김창호,송옥평,조무식,박희주 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

Purpose : The Mirizzi syndrome is relatively rare and preoperative diagnosis of this disease is difficult. In 1978, Morelli suggested the subclassification of the Mirizzi syndrome into acute or chronic form. We experienced 5 cases of acute form. We analysed clinical features, preoperative radiologic findings and operative findings of 18 cases including acute forms which were diagnosed as Mirizzi syndrome and should suggest the modified classification of Mirizzi syndrome for choice of appropriate treatment. Method : From January 1995 to December 1998, 18 cases, of which 8 cases were diagnosed at Soonchunhyang University Chunan Hospital, and 10 cases were reported in the Korean Journal were retrospectively analysed with regard to clinical features, preoperative radiologic findings and operative findings. According to the clinical features, whole cases were divided into type Ⅰ(acute form) and type Ⅱ(chronic form) and then each type of cases were subclassified according to preoperative radiologic findings and operative findings. Results : Of 18 cases there were 5 cases in type Ⅰ(27.8%), 13 cases in type Ⅱ(72.2%). Type Ⅱb was most common. Type Ⅰa cases were treated only with cholecystectomy. We applied cholecystectomy, T-tube choledochostomy and patch technique in type Ⅰb and thpe Ⅰc cases. Cholectystectomies including removal of gallstones and internal drainage procedures were done in type Ⅱ chronic forms. Conclusion : The acute form(Type Ⅰ) of Mirizzi syndrome was suggested by Morelli might be subclassified into typeⅠa,Ⅰb and Ⅰc following the presence of the necrotic defect in common hepatic duct. Through the modified classification of Mirizzi syndrome based on clinical feature, preoperative radiologic findings and operative findings, we can choice appropriate treatment.

太谿穴의 臨床 活用에 대한 文獻考察

구성태,송문영,강정묵,김용명,박보라,이은석,홍정아,김경식,손인철 한국전통의학연구소 2003 한국전통의학지 Vol.13 No.1

Literally, the mean of Tae-gye is highest brook. And on the basis of the acupuncture theory, Tae-gye point is the Soo earth point and source point of the Kidney Channel as well. In addition, Tae-gye point is one of the Yang-Returning Nine points. We were trying to study bibliographically on the Tae-gye point because Tae-gye point can be used very broadly across the symptoms in the theoretical aspect described above. As a results, we found out that according to the classical books of acupuncture, Tae-gye point is entering point of the Meridian Water as a source point and can be used at both Kidney-Sufficient Syndrom and Kidney-Deficient Syndrom. And Tae-gye can be applied to the disease of kidney or bladder that is urogenital symtoms, Also, Tae-gye is an useful option of tooth-ache, asthma, indigestion, constipation, edema etc whose cause is related with decrease of Kidney ki.

심초음파로 결정된 응급 심낭천자술의 천자부위

김성환,황성오,이강현,조준휘,강구현,문중범,이승환,윤정한,최경훈,김영식 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Background: The aim of this study was to determine whether the conventional subcostal approach is suitable for emergency pericardiocentesis in patients with cardiac tamponade or impending cardiac tamponade. Methods: This study was a prospective, observational study conducted at the emergency department of a tertiary hospital, Patients who had symptomatic pericardial effusion and who needed emergency pericardiocentesis in the emergency department were included in this study. We measured the epicardium-to-pericardium distance at the subcostal, parasternal, and apical area with two-dimensional echocardiography to determine the appropriate puncture site for pericardiocentesis. An epicardium-to-pericardium distance of more than 1.0 cm was considered as the primary safety factor in determining the Puncture site for pericardiocentesis. The skin-to-pericardium distance was considered as secondary safety factor. Results: Ninety-five consecutive patients(55 males and 40 females; total mean age: 53 year old) with cardiac tamponade or impending cardiac tamponade were enrolled in this study. The puncture site for pericardiocentesis, as determined by echocardiography, was the subcostal area in 43 patients(45%), the apical area in 40 patients(42%), the left parasternal area In 11 patients(12%), and the right parastemal area in one patient(1%). Pericardiocentesis failed in 2 patients(2%) with the subcostal approach and in one patient(1%) with the apical approach. The average epicardium-to-pericardium distance was 31 ±21 mm in patients with the subcostal approach and 21±8 mm in patients with other approaches. There were no differences in the amount of pericardial fluid and in the intraperical pressure among patient groups according to puncture site. There were two procedure related complications: a puncture of the right ventricle with the subcostal approach and a ventricular tachycardia with the apical approach.

고속 ATM 네트워크를 위한 통신 프로토콜에 관한 연구

박기현,안기중,이상배,강문식 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1992 논문집 Vol.24 No.1

In this paper, a new network protocol, AD²R(ATM Distributed queue Dual Ring), is proposed for high-speed communication. This protocol is a slotted using ATM scheme. With the mathematical analysis and computer simulation, it is shown that proposed protocol is appropriate for the high-speed communication. Also, it is verified that the AD²R network performance is enhanced by using the ring topology, the destination release and the distributed queue scheme.

팔영산 삼림식생과 토양환경

이호준,김종홍,배병호,박문수,전영문,강재구,신정식 建國大學校基礎科學硏究所 1997 理學論集 Vol.22 No.-

전라남도 고흥군 소재 팔영산 (608.6 m) 일대의 삼림군락에 대한 색생조사를 1993년 10월부터 1995년 7월까지 실시하였다. 조사한 자료는 Z-M 방식에 의해 종조성표를 작성하였다. 이에 따라 삼림군락은 신갈나무군락, 졸참나무군락, 굴참나무군락, 서어나무군락, 소나무군락등 5 개 군락으로 분류되었다. 입지와 환경과의 유기적 관계를 조사하기 위해 토양을 분석한 결과, 신갈나무군락은 토양의 비옥도가 높은 산의 능선 부위에 집중 분포하였으며, 굴참나무군락과 소나무군락은 토양의 비옥도가 낮고 비교적 건조한 고도 400 m 이하 지역에 주로 군락을 형성하고 있었다. 또한 졸참나무군락은 고도 300 - 550 m 이내에서 부분적으로 나타났으며, 서어나무군락은 토양의 비옥도가 양호한 고도 300 - 550 m 사이의 골짜기 주변에 국지적으로 분포하였다. 팔영산 삼림식생의 특징은 상록활엽수림이 형성될 수 있는 지역이나 후박나무, 동백나무, 사스레피나무 등의 몇몇 종을 제외하고는 상록활엽수의 분포를 확인할 수 없었으며, 일부 식재림을 제외한 대부분의 지역이 낙엽활엽수와 소나무의 혼효림으로 구성되어 있었다. The phytosociological study forest vegetation on Mt. Palyoung (608.6 m) was investigated from October 1993 to July 1995 in Koheug-Gun, Cheonnam province. According to Z-M method, the floristic composition table of the forest vegetation was divided into five community as follows; Quercus mongolica community, Quercus serrata community, Quercus variabilis community, Pinus densiflora community, Carpinus laxiflora community. The soil was analyzed to investigated the soil conditions and soil fertility. As a result, the organic matters which showing soil fertility were found to be low Quercus variabilis and Pinus densiflora community at comparatively xerophic conditions, below 400 m altitude, while they were increased in Quercus mongolica community on mountain ridge, and that Quercus serrata community was appeared 300-550 m altitude around mountain stream to moderate soilfertility. The forest vegetation of Mt. Palyoung area unconfirmed capable of evergreen broad-leaved forest, but appeared to Machilus thunbergii, Camellia japonica and Eurya japonica species etc. On the other hand, surveyed site's vegetation was distributed mixed forest of deciduous leaved forest and Pinus desiflora, except for some afforestation.

구강악안면 영역의 치성 감염 환자에 대한 세균학적 연구

김일규,윤승환,오성섭,최진호,오남식,김의성,이성호,배수환,강문수 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.4

Oral & maxillofacial infections are most commonly odontogenic in origin. Although such infections are usually self-limiting, they may occasionally spread deeply into fascial spaces or planes far from the initial site of involvement. If early diagnosis and appropriate therapy is delayed, complications such as mediastinal extension, retropharyngeal spread and airway obstruction could happen to the patients. For the study of the microbiology, we have retrospectively analysed the oral & maxillofacial infected patients in the Dept. of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, In-Ha University Hospital from 1997 September to 2000 April. The results were as follows 1.The male patients were more common than female, with male 61.9% and female 38.1%. 2.Dental originated infections were most common cause with the incidence of 62%. 3.Most common fascial space involved was buccal space 42cases(37.2%) followed by submandibular space 13cases(11.5%), infraorbital space 13cases(11.5%), masseteric space 11cases(9.7%) , periapical abscess 11cases(9.7%) . 4.The causative organisms isolated from the pus culture were Gram Positive Bacterial species, which were 46cases(31.9%) of Streptococcus viridans, 16cases(8.6%) of α and β-hemolytic streptococcus, 4cases(3.1%) of Strep.-group D non enterococci, 7cases(5.1%) of Staphylococcus Coa. Neg., 5cases(3.9%) of Staphylococcus aureus, 3cases(2.3%) of Enterococcus faecalis, 1case(0.8%) of Bacillus species, 1case(0.8%) of Peptostreptococcus, 1case(0.8%) of Clostridium and Gram negative bacterial species, which were 4cases(3.1%) of Acinetobacter baumannii, 2cases(1.6%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2cases(1.6%) of Burkholderia cepacia, 1case(0.8%) of Neisseria species, 1case(0.8%) of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 1case(0.8%) of Klebsiella oxytoca, 1case(0.8%) of Escherichia coli. 5.In drug sensitivity test, high resistant tendency was found in Penicillin system(Penicillin G 83.3%, Ampicillin 60%) and Aminoglycosides (Gentamycin 50%, Tobramycin 45.5%), but tertiary Cephalosporin system(Cefoperazone 9.1%, Ceftazidime 18.2%), and glycopeptides system (Teicoplanin 0% , Vancomycin 0%) showed lower resistancy.